Secondary metabolites and In-vitro Antioxidant Properties of Methanol Extracts of Fruits of Annona senegalensis, Curcubita pepo L, Cucumi melo inodorous and Sarcocephalus latifolius.

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.U. Hamzah ◽  
A. A. Jigam ◽  
H.A. Makun ◽  
E. C. Egwim ◽  
A.Y. Kabiru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Methanol Extracts

scholarly journals Investigation of invitro Antioxidant and invivo Protective Effects of Hypericum triquetrifolium Seed Methanol Extracts against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Acute Myelotoxicity, Hemotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songul Cetik Yildiz ◽  
Cumali Keskin ◽  
Adnan Ayhanci
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Methanol Extracts

The aim of this study was to investigate in-vitro antioxidant properties and in-vivo protective effects of different concentrations of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. (HT) seed methanol extracts against acute hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats exposed to overdose of cyclophosphamide (CP). HT seed methanol extracts were tested in view of its in-vitro antioxidant activities as total phenolic contents and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity. To investigate in-vivo protective effects of HT seed methanol extracts on rat tissues; tested animals were divided into nine groups. Three groups only were treated with HT extracts (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days. Three groups were pre-treated with the extract of HT (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days and on the last day they were injected with single dose of CP (150-mg/kg body weight). Two groups were used as control groups and one group was only treated with CP (150 mg/kg) on the 6th day. The toxic effects of CP and protective effects of HT extracts on the nucleated cells which were produced by bone marrow and serum alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were investigated biochemically. Additionally, liver tissue samples were examined histopathologically. Our results show that HT seed methanol extract has high total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Over dose CP administration caused hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity on rat. Whereas, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT plus CP administered groups showed significant protective effects on nucleated cells. And 25, 50, 100 mg/kg HT plus CP treated groups showed an important decrease on serum ALT, ALP, LDH and OSI levels when compared with CP treated group. Our results showed that the administration of different HT doses with high doses of CP significantly reduced hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematoxicity on rats.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENCY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OBTAINED FROM MEMECYLON SPECIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Tumkur Ramasetty Bharathi ◽  
Harishchandra Sripathy Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Antioxidant Potency ◽  
Reducing Power Assay ◽  
Different Doses

<p><strong>Objective: </strong><em>Memecylon</em> species is being extensively used in traditional medicine for the treatment of skin disorders and it is proved to possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. The present investigation was to study the effect of different solvent extracts of five <em>Memecylon</em> species such as <em>M. umbellatum</em>, <em>M. talbotianum</em>, <em>M. edule</em>, <em>M. malabaricum</em> and <em>M. wightii</em> on antidiabetic and antioxidant effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plant extracts were prepared using soxhlet apparatus using different solvents such as hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water and obtained extracts were subjected to antidiabetic (α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays) and antioxidant (2, 2-Diphenyl-2-Picryl Hydrazyl hydrate<strong> </strong>(DPPH), 2,2-Azino-bis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic acid)diammonium salt<strong> </strong>(ABTS), Superoxide radical scavenging assay<strong> (</strong>SRSA) and reducing power assays) evaluated at different doses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Methanol extracts of all five <em>Memecylon</em> species exhibited effective antidiabetic and antioxidant properties among them methanol extracts of <em>M. malabaricum</em> and <em>M. talbotianum</em> have highest biological activity. For α-amylase IC<sub>50</sub> value for both <em>M. malabaricum</em> and <em>M. talbotianum</em> was found to be 100 and 130 µg/reaction and IC<sub>50</sub> value for α-glucosidase was found to be 6.1 and 7.8 µg/reaction respectively. For DPPH the IC<sub>50</sub>value was found to be 190 µg/reaction, for ABTS 31-39 µg/reaction, for SRSA 950-1200 µg/reaction and for reducing power assay 420-490 µg/reaction respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicate that methanol extracts of <em>M. malabaricum</em> and <em>M. talbotianum</em> possess potent <em>in vitro </em>antidiabetic and antioxidant activities compared to other <em>Memecylon</em> species.</p>

scholarly journals LC-MS/MS Profiles and In Vitro Biological Activities of Extracts of an Endemic Species from Turkey: Stachys cretica ssp. anatolica

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1054
Author(s):  
Ivana Carev ◽  
Cengiz Sarikurkcu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Promising Application

Background: Genus Stachys is one of the largest of the Lamiaceae family, having around 300 different plant species inhabiting areas with temperate and warm climates. The Stachys species in Turkey are represented with 81 taxa; 51 of them being endemic. Plants of the Stachys genus have been known for their biological activity and their use in ethnomedicine. Methods: The dominant components of S. cretica ssp. anatolica aqueous and methanol extracts were studied with the LC-MS/MS technique. Results: Chlorogenic acid, apigenin-7-glucoside and verbascoside present as the dominant polyphenols found in studied extracts. The prominent biological activity of the studied S. cretica ssp. anatolica methanol and aqueous extracts showed strong antioxidant activity and inhibition of enzymes tyrosinase and α-amylase, involved in skin disorders and diabetes mellitus type II. Conclusions: This study has proven that the aqueous and methanol extracts of S. cretica ssp. anatolica have prominent antioxidant activity, due to a high abundance of polyphenols. The strong antioxidant properties of S. cretica ssp. anatolica extracts show promising application for the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics industries.

scholarly journals Evaluating Antiplasmodial and Antimalarial Activities of Soybean (Glycine max) Seed Extracts on P. falciparum Parasite Cultures and P. berghei-Infected Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kevin Nyandwaro ◽  
Job Oyweri ◽  
Francis Kimani ◽  
Amos Mbugua
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
High Parasite ◽  
Seed Extracts

Background. Plasmodium parasite resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) calls for development of new, affordable, safe, and effective antimalarial drugs. Studies conducted previously on soybean extracts have established that they possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, and antioxidant properties. The activity of such extracts on Plasmodium parasites has not been potentially exploited. Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the antiplasmodial activity of soybean extracts using Plasmodium falciparum cultures, followed by an in vivo evaluation of safety and antimalarial activity of the extracts in Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain-infected mice. Method. Aqueous, methanol, and peptide extracts of soybean seeds were prepared. An in vitro evaluation of the extracts for antiplasmodial activity was carried out using two P. falciparum strains: D6, a chloroquine-sensitive Sierra Leone 1 strain and W2, a chloroquine-resistant Indochina 1 strain. Following the in vitro assessment, two active extracts (peptide and methanol) were selected for in vivo assay with mice infected with P. berghei ANKA strain. The two extracts were tested for their therapeutic potential (curative test). The peptide extract was further assessed to determine whether it could prevent the establishment of a P. berghei infection (prophylactic test). For the curative tests, methanol and peptide extracts were separately administered orally to three groups of five P. berghei-infected Swiss albino mice for four days, at three dosage levels: 800, 400, and 200 mg/kg/day. In the prophylactic test, the similar dosage regimen was applied at baseline to 3 groups of uninfected mice using the peptide extract which was administered orally for 4 days. Results. Peptide and methanol extracts showed good activity with IC50 of 19.97 ± 2.57 μg/ml and 10.14 ± 9.04 μg/ml, respectively, against the D6 strain. The IC50 values for the peptide and methanol extracts were 28.61 ± 1.32 μg/ml and 14.87 ± 3.43 μg/ml, respectively, against the W2 strain. Methanol and peptide extracts exhibited high parasite-suppressive (therapeutic) activity of 72.9% and 71.9%, respectively, using the 800 mg/kg dose. In the prophylactic test, the peptide extract exhibited suppressive activity of 64.7% upon use of 800 mg/kg. Notably, there was a significant decrease (P<0.001) in suppression with lower doses. Conclusion. The results show the presence of antimalarial properties in soybean extracts with higher curative activity when compared to the prophylactic activity. However, more research needs to be conducted on this plant to possibly establish lead compounds.

scholarly journals Effects of Aqueous and Methanolic Extracts of Stem Bark of Alstonia boonei De Wild. (Apocynaceae) on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Flore Adjouzem ◽  
Ateufack Gilbert ◽  
Marius Mbiantcha ◽  
William Yousseu Nana ◽  
Vanessa Matah Marthe Mba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Chemical Screening ◽  
Methanol Extracts

Among the most exploited species in Cameroon, Alstonia boonei is widely used in African medicine for the relief of several pathologies including gastrointestinal disorders. This study was conducted in order to assess the effects of aqueous and methanol stem-bark extracts of Alstonia boonei on DSS- (dextran sodium sulfate-) induced intestinal colitis and to determine its antioxidant potential. The classes of secondary metabolites present in these extracts were determined by chemical screening. The production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and PGE2 was performed by in vitro ELISA analysis. Anticolitis effects were determined using an in vivo model of ulcerative colitis induced by DSS. The colitis was induced with a double dose of DSS (3% and 1%), and the aqueous and methanol extracts were administered orally from the 6th day after commencement of induction. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of six classes of secondary metabolites in these crude extracts: tannins, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, and phenols. Methanol and aqueous extracts of Alstonia boonei significantly (P<0.001) inhibited TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and PGE2 production stimulated by LPS. Both extracts at all doses significantly reduced (P<0.01, P<0.001) the signs of DSS-induced colitis in the Wistar rats by decreasing inflammation and chronic colon damage. In addition, the extracts significantly (P<0.001) reduced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in the colon and significantly (P<0.01) increased superoxide dismutase and catalase and reduced glutathione (P<0.05). Both extracts showed greater activity than the reference substance (prednisolone 4 mg/kg) used in this study. This study has demonstrated that aqueous and methanol extracts of Alstonia boonei stem bark have healing properties against colitis experimentally induced by DSS in rats.

Sulfur-containing Secondary Metabolites as Neuroprotective Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (26) ◽  
pp. 4421-4436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Venditti ◽  
Armandodoriano Bianco
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Neuron Death ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Sulfur-containing secondary metabolites are a relatively small group of substances of plant origin. The present review is focused on their neuroprotective properties. The results obtained in a series of in vitro and in vivo studies are reported. Among glucosinolates, the wide class of compounds in the sulfur-containing metabolites, glucoraphanin, sulforaphane and isothiocyanates proved to be the more studied in this context and showed interesting properties as modulators of several systems involved in the pathogenesis of neurologic diseases such as oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Allium sativum L. (garlic) is widely known for its sulfur-containing components endowed with health-promoting activities and its medicinal properties are known from ancient times. In recent studies, garlic components proved active in neuroprotection due to the direct and indirect antioxidant properties, modulation of apoptosis mediators and inhibiting the formation of amyloid protein. Dihydroasparagusic acid, the first dimercaptanic compound isolated from a natural source, effectively inhibited inflammatory and oxidative processes that are important factors for the etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, not only for its antioxidant and radical scavenging properties but also because it may down-regulate the expression of several microglial-derived inflammatory mediators. Serofendic acid represents a rare case of sulfur-containing animal-derived secondary metabolite isolated from fetal calf serum extract. It proved effective in the suppression of ROS generation and in the expression of several inflammatory and apoptosis mediators and showed a cytotrophic property in astrocytes, promoting the stellation process. Lastly, the properties of hydrogen sulfide were also reported since in recent times it has been recognized as a signaling molecule and as a mediator in regulating neuron death or survival. It may be produced endogenously from cysteine but may also be released by sulfur-containing secondary metabolites, mainly from those present in garlic.

scholarly journals Secondary metabolites in in vitro cultures of Siberian medicinal plants: Content, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Irina Milentyeva ◽  
Violeta Le ◽  
Oksana Kozlova ◽  
Natalia Velichkovich ◽  
Anastasiya Fedorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Biosynthetic Activity ◽  
Root Extracts

Introduction. Wild-crafting leads to the local extinction of many medicinal plants that are rich in phenolic substances. In vitro cultivation of cells and organs of higher plants can be the optimal solution to this problem. The research objective was to study the biosynthetic activity of in vitro extracts of wild Siberian plants. Study objects and methods. The study featured callus, cell suspension, and hairy root extracts of such Siberian medicinal plants as Eleutherococcus senticosus, Codonopsis pilosula, Platanthera bifolia, and Saposhnikovia divaricata. They were obtained by in vitro cultivation using modified nutrient media of Murashige and Skoog and Gamborg. The content of secondary metabolites was studied using the methods of thin-layer and high-performance liquid chromatography. A set of in vitro experiments tested the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the extracts. Results and discussion. All the samples demonstrated a high content of secondary metabolites of phenolic nature. Flavonoglycosides, apigenin, and rutin were found to be the predominant biologically active substances in the callus extracts. Flavonoglycosides dominated in the suspension extracts. The root extracts contained more caffeic acid, rutin, ecdysteroids, quercetin, apigenin, cardiofolin, and coleofolide than the callus and suspension cultures. The list of prevailing secondary metabolites in the root extracts included rutin, apigenin, coleofolide, and quercetin. All the extracts showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Conclusion. All the extracts demonstrated good antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, they can be used for the production of pharmaceuticals and biologically active food supplements as they can be helpful against infectious diseases, as well as oncological, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases linked to oxidative stress.

Antioxidant properties of methanol extracts of wild garlics (genus Allium L., sect. Allium)

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Bozin ◽  
N Mimica-Dukić ◽  
G Anackov ◽  
B Zlatkovic ◽  
R Igic
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Methanol Extracts
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