scholarly journals Evaluation of potentials of aqueous ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava on reproductive functions of male Albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
S.A. Abwage ◽  
S.T. Agu ◽  
S.A. Saganuwan ◽  
A.H. Abu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

The therapeutic utilization of plants for managing several diseases by people of all continents, especially Africa, is as old as tradition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potentials of aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of Psidium guajava on male reproductive parameters. Twenty-four male Albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups of six rats per group. Rats in the control group were administered Tween 20®. Rats in groups 2, 3, and 4 were administered Psidium guajava aqueous ethanolic leaf extract orally at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight, respectively, once daily for 60 days. The body weights of the rats were determined at the beginning and end of the experiment. Sperm parameters and some reproductive organs weight of each rat was also determined, some organs were collected for histopathology. Assay for follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone was done using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent methods. Some reproductive organs were collected for histopathological analyses. The results showed a dose-dependent increase (p<0.05) in the weight of male reproductive organs, sperm parameters, and hormones. The extract significantly increased (P < 0.05) serum testosterone in the group treated 400 mg/kg body weight when treated groups were compared with control. Furthermore, the results of FSH and LH revealed a significant (p < 0.05) increase when the treated groups were compared with the control. The histopathological analysis did not reveal any form of damage to the architectural integrity of the testis. However, there was degenerating germinal epithelium in the group administered 400 mg/kg of the aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of P. guajava. Conclusion: aqueous ethanolic extract of P. guajava has positive effects on male reproductive parameters.

scholarly journals Acute and chronic toxicity evaluation of methanol leaf extract of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Joy Ogugua Igwe ◽  
Harrison Odera Abone ◽  
Moses Chukwuemeka Ezea ◽  
Chika Peter Ejikeugwu ◽  
Charles Okechukwu Esimone
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

The medicinal value of herbal plants have been widely described in a number of studies, this has resulted in their increased usage. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of methanolic leaf extract of Psidium guajava extract in albino rats using biochemical, hematological and histological parameters. In acute toxicity, the extract was administered orally up to 5,000 mg/kg body weight once to male albino mice. While in chronic toxicity, twenty four adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats for each group. The control group received 10 ml/kg body weight distilled water daily. The other groups received 50, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of extract daily for 90 days. All the rats were observed daily for signs of toxicity and mortality. At the end of the treatment period, biochemical and hematological tests were carried out on prepared sera. Histology of vital organs was evaluated. Acute toxicology showed the LD50 of the extract to be less than 5000 mg/kg. Chronic toxicological study revealed that at 200 mg/kg, there was no significant (P > 0.05) differences in hematological and biochemical parameters, and there was no alterations in the histology of the organs. However, at 400 mg/kg body weight, the concentrations of the liver biomarkers were increased, with distorted liver. Since no alterations was observed at 200 mg/kg, the extract may be considered to be relatively safe at this dose and could be used for long term treatment of infections.

Acute Toxicity Assessment of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Macrotyloma uniflorum L. on Wistar Albino Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Priyanga ◽  
S. Hemmalakshmi ◽  
B. Vidya ◽  
P. Chella Perumal ◽  
V. K. Gopalakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Macrotyloma Uniflorum ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles from Psidium Guajava Leaf Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 5634-5638
Author(s):  
Sruthi Radhakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Elemental Silver ◽  
Ft Ir

Green route for the synthesis of nanoparticles has become more acceptable than the other chemical as well as biological route. In the present study, silver nanoparticle is synthesized using ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava leaves. Further the synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible Spec, FT-IR, X-Ray Diffraction FESEM and E-DAX. The results of FT-IR provided evidence of the involvement of phytochemicals present in the leaf extract in the reduction of silver nitrate to silver nanoparticles. XRD confirmed the crystalline structure as well as shape of the synthesized nanoparticle as face-centred cubic. E-DAX profiling helped in determining the presence of elemental silver. The size of the nanoparticle procured by SEM analysis was found to be approximately 30-50 nm in size. Thus, the findings of this study showed that the plant assisted method for silver nanoparticle synthesis is more effective and further application level studies can shed lights on their use in healing of various human ailments.   

scholarly journals Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) pre-treated rats and protective effect of Vernonia amygdalina post-treatment on liver function

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Usunomena Usunobun ◽  
Gabriel Anyanwu
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Drug Treatments ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Background: Liver disease and toxicity is common, especially with many drug treatments. The effect of Vernonia amygdalina ethanolic leaf extract post-treatment on rats pre-treated with dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) was evaluated.Methods: Male wistar rats were orally administered DMN (single dose of 25 mg/kg) on first day and thereafter post-treated with 100 and 200mg/kg ethanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina for seven days. Analysis of serum concentrations of albumin, total protein, total bilirubin and glucose were carried out.Results: Administration of DMN alone to rats significantly increased glucose and total bilirubin concentration (P < 0.05) in the serum while it significantly reduced (P<0.05) serum total protein and albumin concentrations when compared with controls. However, post-treatment of DMN administered rats with 100 and 200 mg/kg ethanolic extract leaf of Vernonia amygdalina significantly (P<0.05) reversed these changes in a concentration dependent manner.Conclusion: In conclusion ethanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina have a potent hypoglycaemic and hepatoprotective action against dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver damage in rats may be due to its antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Subacute Toxicity Effect of Psidium guajava Leaves Ethanolic Extract on Gaster in Wistar Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Esti Dyah Utami ◽  
Hanif Nasiatul Baroroh ◽  
Nuryanti Nuryanti
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Respiratory Disorder ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Effect ◽  
Test Materials

Psidium guajava leaves have been proven be antiallergic. From the results of previous research, the ethanol extract of leaves is included in the class materials "Practically Non-Toxic." However, repeated administration may cause toxic effects on body organs, one of which was gaster. Subchronic toxicity had been carried out on 20 male Wistar rats and 20 female wistar albino rats. The test materials were administered orally, every day for 28 days. There are 3 (three) doses of test materials which were 250 mg, 500 mg, and 750 mg/kg BW. Observation of the general toxic effect was performed everyday, then organ sampling was performed on day 29 to examined gaster histology and score using Barthel-Manja methods. The result showed that administration of Psidium guajava leaves extract for 28 days caused physical and behavioral changes, caused soft and mucous feces, and also respiratory disorder. But the extract at dose 250 mg, 500 mg and 750 mg/kg BW did not caused changes on gaster histology profile and score. In conclusion, the extract did not have subchronic toxicity effect on gaster rat, but might caused general toxic effect in the higher dose.

scholarly journals Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of Aqueous Extract of Leaf Psidium guajava and Its Effect on Some Haematological Parameters

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
M. I. Uneze ◽  
D. N. Azionu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Average Body

Various parts of psidium guajava linn are used in ethnomedicine in controls and treatments of different disorders such as liver, heart, and blood related disorders [11]. This research work investigate qualitative phytochemical composition of ethanol leaf extract of psidium guajava linn and its effect on some hematological parameters in albino rats. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extract was performed by standard procedures. A total of 20 adult male albino rats were used, they were randomly placed into 5 groups (A, B, C, D and E) each group containing 4 rats groups A, B, C, and D were administered, via oral intubation, the extract at doses of 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg body weight respectively of the extract for 7 consecutive days. Phytochemical screening shows that the extract was rich in tannins anthraquinones, and flavonoid while alkaloids, saponins, terpenes and glycoside were slightly present. There was a decrease in the average body weight, physical activities, and feed and water intake of the rats in the test groups relative to the control hemoglobin concentrate, total white blood cell and packed cell volume recorded in the groups  administered the extract were significantly (p<0.05) higher than in the control this effect on  the haemotological parameters was found to be dose dependent. The findings of this study suggest that the aqueous extract of the fruit plants may be useful in control and treatment of blood related disorders.  These useful applications may be as a result of the phytochemical present in the extract.

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