scholarly journals Evaluation of pharmacy practice regulations in Nigeria: The pharmaceutical inspectors’ perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1353-1360
Author(s):  
Yejide Olukemi Oseni
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Adequate Funding ◽  
Pharmacy Profession ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Current Reality ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Purpose: To evaluate pharmacy practice laws and regulations in Nigeria and recommend ways to overcome the challenges facing its implementation. Methods: Semi-structured questionnaire of 19 questions was administered to pharmaceutical inspectors of the Pharmacists Council of Nigeria (PCN) to assess pharmacy practice laws and regulations in terms of its mandate, the challenges in implementation and recommendations for amendment for legislative attention. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. Results: Respondents (87.5%) were not satisfied with the existing laws and regulations and 56.3% agreed that they were inadequate to regulate the practice of pharmacy profession in Nigeria. Some respondents (37.5%) agreed that the laws and regulations were not specific on many issues that require regulation and enforcement while all of them (100%) agreed that the laws did not adequately capture offences and penalties for offenders. Half of the respondents (50%) were of the opinion that the name of the regulatory body poses a limitation to the regulation of its sub-cadre while 43.8% agreed that consistent court injunctions and litigation that occurred had hampered regulation of pharmacy practice as a whole. Conclusion: The existing laws and regulations are inadequate to regulate the current pharmacy practice in Nigeria. Need for speedy review in order to meet up with the current reality in practice, wide publicity, increase manpower, adequate funding and strong legal backing of PCN activities were recommended.

An exploration into the understanding of football value chain in south of Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosiane Serrano ◽  
Daniel Pacheco Lacerda ◽  
Ricardo Augusto Cassel ◽  
Priscila Ferraz Soares ◽  
Fabio Sartori Piran
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Problematic Situation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Current Reality

Purpose Football is significant in the global economic context. However, the same significance is not identified in the value added to the chain, as the elements that make it up act in a disintegrated and independent manner with undesired effects. Consequently, it is necessary to structure the undesired effects to seek the basic causes that sustain this problematic situation. Thus, this paper aims to use a CRT to structure the undesired effects and basic causes that limit the positive economic impacts of the south Brazilian football value chain. Design/methodology/approach A semi-structured questionnaire was applied with questions about the existing constraints. Based on the answers in the interviews, the current reality tree was elaborated, premised on identifying the basic causes that sustain the undesirable effects detected. Findings Among the main results, it was identified that management problems of the traditional leaders of football clubs and federations are considered the main reason why south of Brazil football cannot fully exploit its economic potential. Originality/value It is evidenced that the paper shows the undesired effect that has the most impact on the development of this chain, and it is important to propose improvements to its root causes, aiming at greater efficacy of the resulting actions.

scholarly journals Overview of prosecution against illegal drugs and cosmetics by pharmacy enforcement branch (PEB) in Sarawak Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shing Chyi Loo ◽  
Muhammad Ihsan Bin Norkhair ◽  
Tan Meng Hsiung ◽  
Abu Hassan Alshaari Abd Jabar ◽  
Benodict Apok Ak Talin
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Illegal Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Prosecutes the offenders in the court in accordance to the laws and regulations enforce with the firm penalty is upmost important to assure our laws and regulations were intact. This raises our interest to fill the knowledge gap on the prosecution successful rate, and the intensity of fines imposes serve as an indicator or baseline to an evaluation of the effectiveness of enforcement activities. This is a cross-sectional retrospective study where data were collected from the Sarawak state PEB prosecution reports from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2016. Descriptive statistics, in numbers and percentages, were used to present the prevalence of cases prosecuted by PEB and its successful rate, while Kruskal Wallis Test was used to compare the median of the fines (2014-2016). Prosecution successful rate was found to improve from 52.6% (2014) to 62.8 (2015) and further increased to 69.4% (2016) due to the high plead guilty rate. This reflected that the intensity of the penalty imposed was not sufficient. Median of the penalties for the top 3 offences (Ranging RM1000-RM3000 throughout the study period) prosecuted shown to be statistically insignificant throughout the study periods, even though we observed the increased frequency of the cases charged. This study serves as a baseline which provides valuable insights to policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders in determining the intensity of penalty and the necessity reformulating our existing laws and regulations.

scholarly journals THE CAUSES OF RAMPANT CASES OF DIVORCE AMONG THE MUSLIMS IN BORNO AND YOBE STATE, NIGERIA: SOLUTION FROM THE ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Musa Umar Yakasai ◽  
Aliyu Salihu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Hardship ◽  
Marriage Counseling ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Correlation Analyses ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Laws And Regulations

This study investigated the rampant cases of divorce and its consequences in Borno and Yobe States, Nigeria. The cases of divorce women have tremendously increased, and relevant authorities are worried as indecency becomes the order of the day. The study tried to examine the burning issues at hand and proffers workable solutions to the lingering problems. The research explored a structured questionnaire and different forms of analyses were carried out. In addition, descriptive regression and correlation analyses were tested and considered. The findings revealed that Impatience, adultery, misunderstanding, mother-in-law interference and economic hardship drive many husbands to divorce their wives. Based on the findings of the research, it is recommended that a training Centre for marriage counseling should be established to address a lot of marital issues in the society; scholars should embark on rigorous awareness and should be encouraged by the authorities; the Muslim community one should abide by laws and regulations stipulated by Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta ala (SWT) as indicated in the Qur’an and Sunnah.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship Practices and Profitability among Farmers in Jos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atayi Abraham Vincent ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Profit Margin ◽  
Error Tolerance ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conducive Environment ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study seeks to examine the relationship between Entrepreneurship practices and the level of profitability among farmers in Jos. The study covered small and medium scale farmer entrepreneurs within Jos North, Jos South and Jos East. A sample size of 518 was obtained from the population of 834 at 5% error tolerance and 95% level of confidence, using Simple Random Sampling. A self-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. 505(97.5%) of the questionnaire distributed were returned. The study conducted a pre-test on the questionnaire to ensure the validity of the instrument. Data collected were presented in descriptive statistics and frequency tables. The study used financial ratios such as the gross profit margin, net profit margin, returns on assets, sales per year and total assets measures were used to measure the profitability. The average values for gross profit margin, net profit margin and returns on assets are 29.47%, 19.2% and 8.2% respectively; the result shows that an individual farmer in this study can boast of a high level of profit. The study recommends among other things that governments at all levels should work to create a more conducive environment for farmer entrepreneurs to make profitable investments in agriculture.

Knowledge of physiotherapists on the use of Muscle Energy Technique in the management of Non-Specific Low Back Pain

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Abba Ahmed ◽  
SONILL Sooknunan Maharaj ◽  
Nadasan Thaya ◽  
Bashir Kaka ◽  
Ashiyat Kahinde Akodu
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Muscle Energy Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Muscle Energy ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Objective: The relevance and use of Muscle Energy Technique (MET) as a mode of treatment for Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) over the last two decades has increased among physiotherapists and other health professionals. This supports the clinical relevance and efficacy of this technique. However, there are no studies to determine the level of MET knowledge among Nigerian physiotherapists. This study was designed to determine the MET knowledge among Nigerian physiotherapists.Method: A total of one hundred and twenty physiotherapists were recruited from the database of the Nigerian Society of Physiotherapy and participated in the study. They completed a semi-structured questionnaire containing 46-items. This was divided into four sections which sourced information on sociodemographic characteristics, work-profile, treatment activities and the knowledge of MET for the management of NSLBP. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for mean, frequency and percentages. Inferential statistics of Chi-square, Pearson Correlation, independent t-test and ANOVA were used to determine the significant difference with significance set at p<0.05.Result: The study revealed that 16.7% of the participants had knowledge of the application of MET in the management for NSLBP. Age, educational level, practice setting, area of specialization such as musculoskeletal therapy, ergonomics and additional training of low back pain (LBP) were factors that influenced respondents’ MET knowledge (p<0.05). However, gender, university of training, number of years of experience and the practice of managing of LBP in the physiotherapy department did not influence knowledge of MET for the management of NSLBP (p >0.05).Conclusion: This study showed that a small number of participants had knowledge of MET application in the management of NSLBP and certain factors influenced this knowledge. Keywords: Non-specific low back pain, Muscle Energy Technique, Physiotherapists knowledge, Nigeria

scholarly journals Living with a chronic disease: A quantitative study of the views of patients with a chronic disease on the change in their life situation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212091035
Author(s):  
Inger Benkel ◽  
Maria Arnby ◽  
Ulla Molander
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Life Situation ◽  
Interpersonal Support ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
New Situation ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Negative Outcome

Objectives: Chronic diseases have an impact on and change patient’s lives which means that they need to find ways to cope with the new situation. The aim was to describe how the chronic disease has influenced patients’ views of their life situation. Methods: The study was quantitative in design with data collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to compare similarities and differences between patients with asthma-allergy, diabetes mellitus, cancer and inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis. Results: Changes in their life were experienced as a negative outcome for the majority of participants. Support can be in the form of interpersonal support from various persons, but also from activities and beliefs/religion. Family and friends as well as healthcare professionals were identified as being most supportive. Sadness and worry were the most common emotions among the participants and their surrounding networks. Conclusion: People with a chronic disease have to live with the consequences the disease has for their life situation. They need to find strategies to cope with the negative outcome in their new life. Support from their own network and healthcare professionals can be helpful in the new life situation.

scholarly journals Toward Multistate Pharmacy Practice: Enhancing Mobility and Portability of Pharmacist Licensure

2020 ◽  
pp. 106002802094525
Author(s):  
Alex J. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Recognition Model ◽  
Administrative Burden ◽  
Current State ◽  
Pharmacy Profession

Pharmacists are licensed in all 50 states. As society becomes increasingly mobile and interconnected, several models of cross-state pharmacy practice have emerged, straining the current state-based system of licensure. The nursing profession has provided a model for license portability that offers 3 primary advantages over the current pharmacist licensure model while still protecting safety: (1) faster speed, (2) lower cost, and (3) reduced administrative burden. A hybrid approach for the pharmacy profession that builds off of the expedited license transfer model and adds a mutual recognition model is ideal.

Extent of ICT Literacy Possessed by Librarians in Federal University Libraries in South East Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
A. U. Nwabueze ◽  
Bridget Oluchi Ibeh
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Academic Librarians ◽  
Ict Literacy ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Ict Skills ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Training Service ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This paper examined extent of ICT literacy possessed by librarians in Federal University Libraries in South East Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population comprised 133 academic librarians. Achievement test and structured questionnaire were used to collect data. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics – simple percentage and arithmetic mean. The major findings include that librarians in Federal University Libraries in South East Nigerian possess high ICT literacy. Librarians in Federal University Libraries of South East Nigerian use ICT-based resources to a high extent The following constraints militate against librarians' acquisition of ICT skills: inadequate funding, poor infrastructural facilities, lack of in house/services training programmes for librarians on ICT, lack of implementation of ICT in the curriculum of library schools, librarians do not participate effectively in professional conferences, seminars and workshops on ICT. The study recommended that management should from time to time organize in-house training /service training on ICT for librarians.

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