Effects of Culture Media, Exposure Time and Temperature on Near-Ultraviolet-Induced Sporulation of Alternaria alternata

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-319
Author(s):  
CHENG-I WEI ◽  
DIANE D. SWARTZ ◽  
JOHN A. CORNELL
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Uv Exposure ◽  
Strain Atcc ◽  
Ultraviolet Exposure ◽  
Near Ultraviolet

Effects of culture media, near-ultraviolet exposure time, and temperature on sporulation of Alternaria alternata were investigated. Strains RL 671-2 and ATCC 36068 were cultivated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), V8 Juice Agar (V8 Agar) and Mycological Agar (MA). The best culture medium for sporulation of strain RL 671-2 was PDA, followed by V8 agar, with only negligible numbers of spores appearing on MA. Near-UV exposure significantly increased sporulation in strain RL 671-2 on PDA and V8 agar. Significantly higher (P<0.01) spore counts were found in PDA cultures of this strain exposed to near-UV at 35 than at 20°C. On V8 agar significantly more spores were observed at 20 than at 35°C. MA was not a satisfactory medium for sporulation of ATCC 36068. Both PDA and V8 agar equally supported sporulation for this strain (ATCC 36068) at all exposure times.

scholarly journals Obtaining monokaryotic and dikaryotic mycelial cultures of two Amazonian strains of Geastrum (Geastraceae, Basidiomycota)

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Marcos Diones Ferreira SANTANA ◽  
Ruby VARGAS-ISLA ◽  
Janaina da Costa NOGUEIRA ◽  
Thiago ACCIOLY ◽  
Bianca Denise Barbosa da SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Agar Culture ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Sexual Crosses ◽  
High Diversity

ABSTRACT The high diversity of the genus Geastrum and the difficulty of obtaining mycelial cultures impairs the study of the ecophysiology and the exploration of the biotechnological potential of the taxon. In this study, different culture media were tested to obtain mycelial cultures for G. lloydianum and G. subiculosum collected in the Brazilian Amazon. Data on spore germination, and isolation of monokaryotic cultures and in vitro sexual reproduction are presented, as well as a brief morphological description of the cultures obtained. For both species, Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) was the most promising of the tested culture media. The highest growth in agar culture ever recorded for this genus is reported (4.9 mm per week for G. lloydianum and 7.5 mm for G. subiculosum). In the PDA culture medium, spores germinated after 35-40 days of incubation and the isolation of monokaryotic cultures of the two species, as well as in vitro sexual crosses, were successfully performed.

scholarly journals Metal leaching from a spent catalyst by Alternaria alternata

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma G. Rojas-Avelizapa ◽  
Jessica Otamendi-Valdez ◽  
Marlenne Gómez-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Hazardous Wastes ◽  
Spent Catalyst ◽  
Extracellular Medium ◽  
New Research ◽  
Selection Of

The study evaluated the leaching ability of the extracellular medium produced by a fungus, which was identified as Alternaria alternata. The study included the selection of a culture medium that favored the organic acid and siderophore production; sucrose and Czapek media were evaluated. Once the culture media was selected, bioleaching study of the catalyst at 1 and 5% continued, using only the extracellular media incubating at 30° C, 150 rpm during 7 days. Results indicated that the extracellular media produced by A. alternata in sucrose media decreases pH from 6 to 4.8; in this media siderophores were also produced. The study of metal bioleaching, using the extracellular media, showed that metals were leached at different extent, and it was observed that catalyst concentration had an important effect on the metal removal and on the order of the removal. It was found that at 1% catalyst and after 48 h of treatment, the following metals were removed, in descending order, V> Al> Si> Mo > Mg> Fe> Ni> As> Cr. This is the first report on the metal removal from the catalyst by the extracellular media of A. alternata which opens new research alternatives for the treatment of hazardous wastes with high metallic content.

scholarly journals CARACTERÍSTICAS CULTURAIS E PATOLÓGICAS DE Bipolaris maydis EM DIFERENTES MEIOS DE CULTURA

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
JULIANA SALTIRES SANTOS ◽  
ANTONIO TEIXEIRA DO AMARAL JÚNIOR ◽  
MARCELO VIVAS ◽  
JANIELI MAGANHA SILVA VIVAS ◽  
RAILAN NASCIMENTO FERREIRA KUROSAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Bipolaris Maydis ◽  
Polished Rice ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Corn Leaf Blight

RESUMO A mancha de Bipolaris, causada por Bipolaris maydis, é uma das principais doenças foliares de Zea mays,apresentando um considerável potencial de dano, notadamente, na cultura do milho-pipoca, embora trabalhos sobreeste patossistema ainda sejam escassos. Neste trabalho, avaliaram-se as influências de diferentes meios de culturasobre o crescimento micelial, esporulação e a infectividade de inóculo conidial de B. maydis em folhas da cultivarsuscetível Beija-flor, de milho-pipoca. Para tal, instalaram-se experimentos em laboratório e em casa de vegetação emblocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Em laboratório, avaliaram-se o crescimento micelial e a esporulação de B.maydis em diferentes meios de culturas (Batata Dextrose Ágar, Feijão Ágar, Água de Coco Ágar, Arroz Polido Ágar,Folha de Milho Ágar e Lactose Caseína Ágar). Em casa de vegetação, avaliaram-se o número de lesões por folha e aincidência de doença na planta suscetível inoculada com uma suspensão de 104 conídios/mL. O meio de Arroz PolidoÁgar foi o que mais promoveu o crescimento micelial do fungo, porém não favoreceu a esporulação. Para esporulação,destacaram-se os meios de cultura Batata Dextrose Ágar e Feijão Ágar. Maior número de folhas com sintoma dadoença e maior número de lesões por folha foram obtidos com o inóculo produzido no meio Feijão Ágar.Palavras-Chave: Zea mays L., Crescimento micelial, Mancha de Bipolaris, Esporulação, Milho-pipoca.CULTURAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF Bipolaris maydis IN DIFFERENT CULTURE MEDIAABSTRACT. The Southern corn leaf blight, caused by Bipolaris maydis, is a major foliar disease of corn, presentingconsiderable potential of damage, especially in Zea mays, although studies with this pathosystem are still scarce. In thispaper, the effect of different culture media was evaluated on mycelial sporulation and infectivity of conidial inoculum ofB. maydis on leaves of the susceptible cultivar Beija-Flor, of corn-popcorn. Experiments in laboratory and greenhousewere installed in a randomized blocks design with four replications. The mycelial growth and sporulation of B. maydison different culture media (Potato Dextrose Agar, Bean Agar, Coconut Water Agar, Rice Polished Agar, Corn LeafAgar Lactose Casein Agar) were evaluated in the laboratory. In the greenhouse it was evaluated the number of lesionsper leaf and the incidence of disease in susceptible plants inoculated with a suspension of 104 conidia/ml. The culturemedium Polished Rice Agar promoted the highest mycelial growth, but did not promote sporulation. Sporulation washigher on culture media Potato dextrose Agar and Agar Bean. A greater number of leaves with symptoms of the diseaseand a higher number of lesions per leaf were obtained with the inoculum produced in the culture medium Bean Agar.Keywords: Zea mays L, Mycelial growth, Southern corn leaf bligh, Sporulation, Popcorn.

Growth and sporulation in vitro of Cercospora apii, Cercospora arachidicola, Cercospora kikuchii, and other species of Cercospora

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 862-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. El-Gholl ◽  
S. A. Alfieri Jr. ◽  
W. H. Ridings ◽  
C. L. Schoulties
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Cercospora Kikuchii ◽  
Conidial Production

Cercospora apii Fres., Cercospora arachidicola Hori, and Cercospora kikuchii (Matsumoto & Tomoyasu) Gardn. were single spored, and the resultant colonies were characterized. All isolates of C. arachidicola were morphologically identical, whereas those of C. apii and C. kikuchii were either smooth or had radial folds. Variability in sporulation was also evident. Multiple-point inoculation of culture media in plates with conidia helped to overcome variability in the amount of conidial production. Maximum sporulation was obtained at 4 days with C. apii and C. kikuchii, and from 7 to 10 days with C. arachidicola. Single-point inoculation of a V-8 culture medium in plates from peripheral dark mycelial growth in potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture resulted in increased sporulation by C. kikuchii. Sporulation of C. kikuchii was maintained throughout a 15-month study by selective subculturing; however, conidial production decreased over time. A total of 15 other species of Cercospora sporulated within a week following a V-8 inoculation of culture medium in plates with mycelial agar blocks.

CARACTERÍSTICAS CULTURAIS E PATOLÓGICAS DE Bipolaris maydis EM DIFERENTES MEIOS DE CULTURA

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
JULIANA SALTIRES SANTOS ◽  
ANTONIO TEIXEIRA DO AMARAL JÚNIOR ◽  
MARCELO VIVAS ◽  
JANIELI MAGANHA SILVA VIVAS ◽  
RAILAN NASCIMENTO FERREIRA KUROSAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Bipolaris Maydis ◽  
Polished Rice ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Corn Leaf Blight

RESUMO A mancha de Bipolaris, causada por Bipolaris maydis, é uma das principais doenças foliares de Zea mays, apresentando um considerável potencial de dano, notadamente, na cultura do milho-pipoca, embora trabalhos sobre este patossistema ainda sejam escassos. Neste trabalho, avaliaram-se as influências de diferentes meios de cultura sobre o crescimento micelial, esporulação e a infectividade de inóculo conidial de B. maydis em folhas da cultivar suscetível Beija-flor, de milho-pipoca. Para tal, instalaram-se experimentos em laboratório e em casa de vegetação em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Em laboratório, avaliaram-se o crescimento micelial e a esporulação de B. maydis em diferentes meios de culturas (Batata Dextrose Ágar, Feijão Ágar, Água de Coco Ágar, Arroz Polido Ágar, Folha de Milho Ágar e Lactose Caseína Ágar). Em casa de vegetação, avaliaram-se o número de lesões por folha e a incidência de doença na planta suscetível inoculada com uma suspensão de 104 conídios/mL. O meio de Arroz Polido Ágar foi o que mais promoveu o crescimento micelial do fungo, porém não favoreceu a esporulação. Para esporulação, destacaram-se os meios de cultura Batata Dextrose Ágar e Feijão Ágar. Maior número de folhas com sintoma da doença e maior número de lesões por folha foram obtidos com o inóculo produzido no meio Feijão Ágar. Palavras-Chave: Zea mays L., Crescimento micelial, Mancha de Bipolaris, Esporulação, Milho-pipoca.CULTURAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF Bipolaris maydis IN DIFFERENT CULTURE MEDIAABSTRACT. The Southern corn leaf blight, caused by Bipolaris maydis, is a major foliar disease of corn, presenting considerable potential of damage, especially in Zea mays, although studies with this pathosystem are still scarce. In this paper, the effect of different culture media was evaluated on mycelial sporulation and infectivity of conidial inoculum of B. maydis on leaves of the susceptible cultivar Beija-Flor, of corn-popcorn. Experiments in laboratory and greenhouse were installed in a randomized blocks design with four replications. The mycelial growth and sporulation of B. maydis on different culture media (Potato Dextrose Agar, Bean Agar, Coconut Water Agar, Rice Polished Agar, Corn Leaf Agar Lactose Casein Agar) were evaluated in the laboratory. In the greenhouse it was evaluated the number of lesions per leaf and the incidence of disease in susceptible plants inoculated with a suspension of 104 conidia/ml. The culture medium Polished Rice Agar promoted the highest mycelial growth, but did not promote sporulation. Sporulation was higher on culture media Potato dextrose Agar and Agar Bean. A greater number of leaves with symptoms of the disease and a higher number of lesions per leaf were obtained with the inoculum produced in the culture medium Bean Agar.Keywords: Zea mays L, Mycelial growth, Southern corn leaf bligh, Sporulation, Popcorn.

Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anggrek Dendrobium anosmum Pada Media Kultur In Vitro Dengan Beberapa Konsentrasi Air Kelapa

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tuhuteru ◽  
Meity L Hehanussa ◽  
Simon H.T Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Dendrobium anosmum is one of natural orchids in Indonesia. Optimization of medium composition for orchid propagation through in vitro culture is necessary to enhance propagule multiplication capabilities and quality. This study was aimed to study the influence of concentration of coconut water in culture medium on in vitro growth and development of D. anosmum orchid species and to determine the optimal coconut water concentration in culture media.  The experiment were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of the addition of coconut water with concentrations: 0 ml•l -1 (control), 50 ml•l-1, 100 ml•l-1 and 150 ml•l-1. The results showed that addition of coconut water in culture medium gave different effect on shoot growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids.  Coconut water concentration of 100 ml•l-1 was the best concentration for growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids, based on both shoots and roots growth, plantlet height and wet weight.

scholarly journals Untargeted Metabolomics Approach for the Discovery of Environment-Related Pyran-2-ones Chemodiversity in a Marine-Sourced Penicillium restrictum

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Van-Tuyen Le ◽  
Samuel Bertrand ◽  
Thibaut Robiou du Pont ◽  
Fabrice Fleury ◽  
Nathalie Caroff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Blue Mussel ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
High Chemical ◽  
Medium Mass ◽  
Metabolomics Study ◽  
Penicillium Restrictum

Very little is known about chemical interactions between fungi and their mollusc host within marine environments. Here, we investigated the metabolome of a Penicillium restrictum MMS417 strain isolated from the blue mussel Mytilus edulis collected on the Loire estuary, France. Following the OSMAC approach with the use of 14 culture media, the effect of salinity and of a mussel-derived medium on the metabolic expression were analysed using HPLC-UV/DAD-HRMS/MS. An untargeted metabolomics study was performed using principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal projection to latent structure discriminant analysis (O-PLSDA) and molecular networking (MN). It highlighted some compounds belonging to sterols, macrolides and pyran-2-ones, which were specifically induced in marine conditions. In particular, a high chemical diversity of pyran-2-ones was found to be related to the presence of mussel extract in the culture medium. Mass spectrometry (MS)- and UV-guided purification resulted in the isolation of five new natural fungal pyran-2-one derivatives—5,6-dihydro-6S-hydroxymethyl-4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one (1), (6S, 1’R, 2’S)-LL-P880β (3), 5,6-dihydro-4-methoxy-6S-(1’S, 2’S-dihydroxy pent-3’(E)-enyl)-2H-pyran-2-one (4), 4-methoxy-6-(1’R, 2’S-dihydroxy pent-3’(E)-enyl)-2H-pyran-2-one (6) and 4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one (7)—together with the known (6S, 1’S, 2’S)-LL-P880β (2), (1’R, 2’S)-LL-P880γ (5), 5,6-dihydro-4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one (8), (6S, 1’S, 2’R)-LL-P880β (9), (6S, 1’S)-pestalotin (10), 1’R-dehydropestalotin (11) and 6-pentyl-4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one (12) from the mussel-derived culture medium extract. The structures of 1-12 were determined by 1D- and 2D-MMR experiments as well as high-resolution tandem MS, ECD and DP4 calculations. Some of these compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic, antibacterial, antileishmanial and in-silico PTP1B inhibitory activities. These results illustrate the utility in using host-derived media for the discovery of new natural products.

scholarly journals Rheological and Microstructural Features of Plant Culture Media Doped with Biopolymers: Influence on the Growth and Physiological Responses of In Vitro-Grown Shoots of Thymus lotocephalus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-553
Author(s):  
Natacha Coelho ◽  
Alexandra Filipe ◽  
Bruno Medronho ◽  
Solange Magalhães ◽  
Carla Vitorino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Plant Culture

In vitro culture is an important biotechnological tool in plant research and an appropriate culture media is a key for a successful plant development under in vitro conditions. The use of natural compounds to improve culture media has been growing and biopolymers are interesting alternatives to synthetic compounds due to their low toxicity, biodegradability, renewability, and availability. In the present study, different culture media containing one biopolymer (chitosan, gum arabic) or a biopolymer derivative [hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)], at 100 or 1000 mg L−1, were tested regarding their influence on the growth and physiological responses of Thymus lotocephalus in vitro culture. Cellulose-based biopolymers (HEC and CMC) and gum arabic were used for the first time in plant culture media. The results showed that CMC at 100 mg L−1 significantly improved shoot elongation while chitosan, at the highest concentration, was detrimental to T. lotocephalus. Concerning only the evaluated physiological parameters, all tested biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives are safe to plants as there was no evidence of stress-induced changes on T. lotocephalus. The rheological and microstructural features of the culture media were assessed to understand how the biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives added to the culture medium could influence shoot growth. As expected, all media presented a gel-like behaviour with minor differences in the complex viscosity at the beginning of the culture period. Most media showed increased viscosity overtime. The surface area increased with the addition of biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives to the culture media and the average pore size was considerably lower for CMC at 100 mg L−1. The smaller pores of this medium might be related to a more efficient nutrients and water uptake by T. lotocephalus shoots, leading to a significant improvement in shoot elongation. In short, this study demonstrated that the different types of biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives added to culture medium can modify their microstructure and at the right concentrations, are harmless to T. lotocephalus shoots growing in vitro, and that CMC improves shoot length.

scholarly journals Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase, but Not the Matrix Protein, Are Required for Assembly and Budding of Plasmid-Derived Virus-Like Particles

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (13) ◽  
pp. 7111-7123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Chen ◽  
George P. Leser ◽  
Eiji Morita ◽  
Robert A. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Multivesicular Body ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Overexpression System

ABSTRACT For influenza virus, we developed an efficient, noncytotoxic, plasmid-based virus-like particle (VLP) system to reflect authentic virus particles. This system was characterized biochemically by analysis of VLP protein composition, morphologically by electron microscopy, and functionally with a VLP infectivity assay. The VLP system was used to address the identity of the minimal set of viral proteins required for budding. Combinations of viral proteins were expressed in cells, and the polypeptide composition of the particles released into the culture media was analyzed. Contrary to previous findings in which matrix (M1) protein was considered to be the driving force of budding because M1 was found to be released copiously into the culture medium when M1 was expressed by using the vaccinia virus T7 RNA polymerase-driven overexpression system, in our noncytotoxic VLP system M1 was not released efficiently into the culture medium. Additionally, hemagglutinin (HA), when treated with exogenous neuraminidase (NA) or coexpressed with viral NA, could be released from cells independently of M1. Incorporation of M1 into VLPs required HA expression, although when M1 was omitted from VLPs, particles with morphologies similar to those of wild-type VLPs or viruses were observed. Furthermore, when HA and NA cytoplasmic tail mutants were included in the VLPs, M1 failed to be efficiently incorporated into VLPs, consistent with a model in which the glycoproteins control virus budding by sorting to lipid raft microdomains and recruiting the internal viral core components. VLP formation also occurred independently of the function of Vps4 in the multivesicular body pathway, as dominant-negative Vps4 proteins failed to inhibit influenza VLP budding.

P-203 Applying artificial intelligence for ploidy prediction: The concentration of IL-6 in spent culture medium, blastocyst morphological grade and embryo morphokinetics as variables under consideration

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Aparicio Ruiz ◽  
L Bori ◽  
E Paya ◽  
M A Valera ◽  
A Quiñonero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
General Description ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Morphokinetic Parameters ◽  
Testing Dataset ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Study question Would it be possible to predict embryo ploidy by taking into account conventional morphological and morphokinetic parameters together with IL-6 concentration in spent culture medium? Summary answer Our artificial neural network (ANN) trained with blastocyst morphology, embryo morphokinetics and IL-6 concentration distinguished between euploid/aneuploid embryos in 65% of the testing dataset. What is known already The analysis of spent embryo culture media represents the protein and metabolic state of the embryo and could be a non-invasive method of obtaining information about embryo quality. The impact of the presence/absence of several proteins in embryo culture samples over clinical results has been widely studied. The IL-6 is one of the most mentioned protein for its effect on embryo development, implantation and likelihood of achieving a live birth. In this initial attempt, we examined the predictive value for euploidy of a model that took into account the concentration of IL-6 in the spent culture medium. Study design, size, duration This prospective study included 319 embryos with PGT-A results. Out of the total, 127 were euploid and 192 aneuploid embryos. Concentration of IL-6 in spent embryo culture media (collected on the day of trophectoderm biopsy-fifth/sixth day of development), morphokinetic parameters (division time to 2 cells-t2; to 3 cells-t3, to 4 cells-t4; to 5 cells-t5 and time of blastocyst formation-tB) and blastocyst morphological grade (according to ASEBIR criteria) were considered to predict the embryo ploidy. Participants/materials, setting, methods Embryos were cultured in EmbryoScope. The chromosome analysis was performed using next-generation sequence technology. The concentration of IL-6 was measured in 20µL of spent embryo culture media with ELISA kits. Morphokinetic parameters were automatically annotated and the blastocyst morphology was evaluated by senior embryologists based on blastocele expansion, inner cell mass and trophectoderm quality. All the embryos were divided into 70% for training, 15% for validating and 15% for testing our ANN model with MatLab®. Main results and the role of chance The general description for the euploid embryo population was the following: 2% of the embryos were graded as A, 71% were graded as B and 28% were graded as C; the means and standard deviations were 25.32±2.97 hours (h) for t2, 35.33±5.15h for t3, 37.30±5.43h for t4, 48.24±6.62h for t5 and 103.93±12.8h for tB; and the average of IL-6 concentration was 1.51±0.70 pg/ml. The general description for the aneuploid embryo population was the following: 1% of the embryos were graded as A, 48% were graded as B and 51% were graded as C; the means and standard deviations were 26.13±3.51h for t2, 36.70±4.29h for t3, 38.20±4.24h for t4, 49.86±6.89h for t5 and 107.10±8.29h for tB; and the average of IL-6 concentration was 1.47±0.71 pg/ml. Our ANN model showed a higher general success rate as we increased the variables considered in the final prediction of euploid embryos. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for the testing dataset were: 0.60, 0.12 and 0.87 with morphokinetic parameters; 0.63, 0.24 and 0.93 with morphokinetics and IL-6 concentration; and 0.65, 0.16 and 0.96 with morphokinetics, IL-6 concentration and blastocyst morphological grade. Limitations, reasons for caution The low sensitivity and high specificity achieved in our models indicated that they were more capable of detecting aneuploid than euploid embryos. As this was a preliminary study, the small number of embryos included in the test (n = 48) was also a limitation. Wider implications of the findings The results showed that our model tended to classify the embryos as aneuploid. More euploid embryos would be necessary to train our model and achieve better results in the prediction of chromosomally normal embryos. Further studies with large number of embryos and additional variables could improve the non-invasive ploidy prediction. Trial registration number not applicable

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