scholarly journals Untargeted Metabolomics Approach for the Discovery of Environment-Related Pyran-2-ones Chemodiversity in a Marine-Sourced Penicillium restrictum

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Van-Tuyen Le ◽  
Samuel Bertrand ◽  
Thibaut Robiou du Pont ◽  
Fabrice Fleury ◽  
Nathalie Caroff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Blue Mussel ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
High Chemical ◽  
Medium Mass ◽  
Metabolomics Study ◽  
Penicillium Restrictum

Very little is known about chemical interactions between fungi and their mollusc host within marine environments. Here, we investigated the metabolome of a Penicillium restrictum MMS417 strain isolated from the blue mussel Mytilus edulis collected on the Loire estuary, France. Following the OSMAC approach with the use of 14 culture media, the effect of salinity and of a mussel-derived medium on the metabolic expression were analysed using HPLC-UV/DAD-HRMS/MS. An untargeted metabolomics study was performed using principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal projection to latent structure discriminant analysis (O-PLSDA) and molecular networking (MN). It highlighted some compounds belonging to sterols, macrolides and pyran-2-ones, which were specifically induced in marine conditions. In particular, a high chemical diversity of pyran-2-ones was found to be related to the presence of mussel extract in the culture medium. Mass spectrometry (MS)- and UV-guided purification resulted in the isolation of five new natural fungal pyran-2-one derivatives—5,6-dihydro-6S-hydroxymethyl-4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one (1), (6S, 1’R, 2’S)-LL-P880β (3), 5,6-dihydro-4-methoxy-6S-(1’S, 2’S-dihydroxy pent-3’(E)-enyl)-2H-pyran-2-one (4), 4-methoxy-6-(1’R, 2’S-dihydroxy pent-3’(E)-enyl)-2H-pyran-2-one (6) and 4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one (7)—together with the known (6S, 1’S, 2’S)-LL-P880β (2), (1’R, 2’S)-LL-P880γ (5), 5,6-dihydro-4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one (8), (6S, 1’S, 2’R)-LL-P880β (9), (6S, 1’S)-pestalotin (10), 1’R-dehydropestalotin (11) and 6-pentyl-4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one (12) from the mussel-derived culture medium extract. The structures of 1-12 were determined by 1D- and 2D-MMR experiments as well as high-resolution tandem MS, ECD and DP4 calculations. Some of these compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic, antibacterial, antileishmanial and in-silico PTP1B inhibitory activities. These results illustrate the utility in using host-derived media for the discovery of new natural products.

scholarly journals Untargeted Metabolomics and Antioxidant Capacities of Muscadine Grape Genotypes during Berry Development

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 914
Author(s):  
Ahmed G. Darwish ◽  
Protiva Rani Das ◽  
Ahmed Ismail ◽  
Pranavkumar Gajjar ◽  
Subramani Paranthaman Balasubramani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Metabolomics Study ◽  
Muscadine Grape ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Chemical Groups

Three muscadine grape genotypes (Muscadinia rotundifolia (Michx.) Small) were evaluated for their metabolite profiling and antioxidant activities at different berry developmental stages. A total of 329 metabolites were identified using UPLC-TOF-MS analysis (Ultimate 3000LC combined with Q Exactive MS and screened with ESI-MS) in muscadine genotypes throughout different developmental stages. Untargeted metabolomics study revealed the dominant chemical groups as amino acids, organic acids, sugars, and phenolics. Principal component analysis indicated that developmental stages rather than genotypes could explain the variations among the metabolic profiles of muscadine berries. For instance, catechin, epicatechin-3-gallate, and gallic acid were more accumulated in ripening seeds (RIP-S). However, tartaric acid and malonic acid were more abundant during the fruit-set (FS) stage, and malic acid was more abundant in the veraison (V) stage. The variable importance in the projection (VIP > 0.5) in partial least-squares–discriminant analysis described 27 biomarker compounds, representing the muscadine berry metabolome profiles. A heatmap of Pearson’s correlation analysis between the 27 biomarker compounds and antioxidant activities was able to identify nine antioxidant determinants; among them, gallic acid, 4-acetamidobutanoic acid, trehalose, catechine, and epicatechin-3-gallate displayed the highest correlations with different types of antioxidant activities. For instance, DPPH and FRAP conferred a similar antioxidant activity pattern and were highly correlated with gallic acid and 4-acetamidobutanoic acid. This comprehensive study of the metabolomics and antioxidant activities of muscadine berries at different developmental stages is of great reference value for the plant, food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical sectors.

Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anggrek Dendrobium anosmum Pada Media Kultur In Vitro Dengan Beberapa Konsentrasi Air Kelapa

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tuhuteru ◽  
Meity L Hehanussa ◽  
Simon H.T Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Dendrobium anosmum is one of natural orchids in Indonesia. Optimization of medium composition for orchid propagation through in vitro culture is necessary to enhance propagule multiplication capabilities and quality. This study was aimed to study the influence of concentration of coconut water in culture medium on in vitro growth and development of D. anosmum orchid species and to determine the optimal coconut water concentration in culture media.  The experiment were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of the addition of coconut water with concentrations: 0 ml•l -1 (control), 50 ml•l-1, 100 ml•l-1 and 150 ml•l-1. The results showed that addition of coconut water in culture medium gave different effect on shoot growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids.  Coconut water concentration of 100 ml•l-1 was the best concentration for growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids, based on both shoots and roots growth, plantlet height and wet weight.

scholarly journals Chemical Variability of Peel and Leaf Essential Oils in the Citrus Subgenus Papeda (Swingle) and Few Relatives

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1117
Author(s):  
Clémentine Baccati ◽  
Marc Gibernau ◽  
Mathieu Paoli ◽  
Patrick Ollitrault ◽  
Félix Tomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
High Chemical ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Nmr Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Experimental Crosses

The Papeda Citrus subgenus includes several species belonging to two genetically distinct groups, containing mostly little-exploited wild forms of citrus. However, little is known about the potentially large and novel aromatic diversity contained in these wild citruses. In this study, we characterized and compared the essential oils obtained from peels and leaves from representatives of both Papeda groups, and three related hybrids. Using a combination of GC, GC-MS, and 13C-NMR spectrometry, we identified a total of 60 compounds in peel oils (PO), and 76 compounds in leaf oils (LO). Limonene was the major component in almost all citrus PO, except for C. micrantha and C. hystrix, where β-pinene dominated (around 35%). LO composition was more variable, with different major compounds among almost all samples, except for two citrus pairs: C. micrantha/C. hystrix and two accessions of C. ichangensis. In hybrid relatives, the profiles were largely consistent with their Citrus/Papeda parental lineage. This high chemical diversity, not only among the sections of the subgenus Papeda, but also between species and even at the intraspecific level, suggests that Papeda may be an important source of aroma diversity for future experimental crosses with field crop species.

scholarly journals Rheological and Microstructural Features of Plant Culture Media Doped with Biopolymers: Influence on the Growth and Physiological Responses of In Vitro-Grown Shoots of Thymus lotocephalus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-553
Author(s):  
Natacha Coelho ◽  
Alexandra Filipe ◽  
Bruno Medronho ◽  
Solange Magalhães ◽  
Carla Vitorino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Plant Culture

In vitro culture is an important biotechnological tool in plant research and an appropriate culture media is a key for a successful plant development under in vitro conditions. The use of natural compounds to improve culture media has been growing and biopolymers are interesting alternatives to synthetic compounds due to their low toxicity, biodegradability, renewability, and availability. In the present study, different culture media containing one biopolymer (chitosan, gum arabic) or a biopolymer derivative [hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)], at 100 or 1000 mg L−1, were tested regarding their influence on the growth and physiological responses of Thymus lotocephalus in vitro culture. Cellulose-based biopolymers (HEC and CMC) and gum arabic were used for the first time in plant culture media. The results showed that CMC at 100 mg L−1 significantly improved shoot elongation while chitosan, at the highest concentration, was detrimental to T. lotocephalus. Concerning only the evaluated physiological parameters, all tested biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives are safe to plants as there was no evidence of stress-induced changes on T. lotocephalus. The rheological and microstructural features of the culture media were assessed to understand how the biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives added to the culture medium could influence shoot growth. As expected, all media presented a gel-like behaviour with minor differences in the complex viscosity at the beginning of the culture period. Most media showed increased viscosity overtime. The surface area increased with the addition of biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives to the culture media and the average pore size was considerably lower for CMC at 100 mg L−1. The smaller pores of this medium might be related to a more efficient nutrients and water uptake by T. lotocephalus shoots, leading to a significant improvement in shoot elongation. In short, this study demonstrated that the different types of biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives added to culture medium can modify their microstructure and at the right concentrations, are harmless to T. lotocephalus shoots growing in vitro, and that CMC improves shoot length.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Metabolomics Study of Traditionally Important Rumex Species Found in Western Himalayan Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Ritika Sharma ◽  
Rupali Jandrotia ◽  
Bikram Singh ◽  
Upendra Sharma ◽  
Dinesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Western Himalayan Region ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Metabolomics Study ◽  
Comprehensive Metabolomics ◽  
First Time ◽  
Concurrent Estimation

Rumex species are traditionally known to cure constipation, pain, inflammation, ulcer and tumor. The biological potential of Rumex nepalens is lies in chemical diversity of its constituents. In the present study, UPLC-DAD-MS method was developed for the concurrent estimation of polyphenols in Rumex species ( R. nepalensis, R. hastatus and R. dentatus) and validated for linearity (r2 > 0.999), limit of quantification and detection, inter and intraday precession, stabilities and recovery. The developed method has also been employed for metabolomic analysis of Rumex species. Qualitative and quantitative variation of polyphenols was observed among the aerial and root parts of Rumex species with highest content of polyphenol detected in aerial part of R. nepalensis. The quantitative data based matrix and HCA plot represents the variation of metabolites among the samples. R. nepalensis being widely used in traditional practices, was incorporated in detail. A total of seven molecules were isolated and characterized among which three compounds viz. 3- O- methyl epicatechin, quercetin-3- O- β-D-glucuronide and β-sitosterol-3- O- β-D-glucoside were isolated for first time from this plant. Eighteen metabolites were profiled in R. nepalensis using UPLC-MS/MS technique. Current comprehensive metabolomics approach will surely help in understanding the chemical diversity, discriminations and quality control analysis of raw materials and furnished products of Rumex.

scholarly journals Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase, but Not the Matrix Protein, Are Required for Assembly and Budding of Plasmid-Derived Virus-Like Particles

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (13) ◽  
pp. 7111-7123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Chen ◽  
George P. Leser ◽  
Eiji Morita ◽  
Robert A. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Multivesicular Body ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Overexpression System

ABSTRACT For influenza virus, we developed an efficient, noncytotoxic, plasmid-based virus-like particle (VLP) system to reflect authentic virus particles. This system was characterized biochemically by analysis of VLP protein composition, morphologically by electron microscopy, and functionally with a VLP infectivity assay. The VLP system was used to address the identity of the minimal set of viral proteins required for budding. Combinations of viral proteins were expressed in cells, and the polypeptide composition of the particles released into the culture media was analyzed. Contrary to previous findings in which matrix (M1) protein was considered to be the driving force of budding because M1 was found to be released copiously into the culture medium when M1 was expressed by using the vaccinia virus T7 RNA polymerase-driven overexpression system, in our noncytotoxic VLP system M1 was not released efficiently into the culture medium. Additionally, hemagglutinin (HA), when treated with exogenous neuraminidase (NA) or coexpressed with viral NA, could be released from cells independently of M1. Incorporation of M1 into VLPs required HA expression, although when M1 was omitted from VLPs, particles with morphologies similar to those of wild-type VLPs or viruses were observed. Furthermore, when HA and NA cytoplasmic tail mutants were included in the VLPs, M1 failed to be efficiently incorporated into VLPs, consistent with a model in which the glycoproteins control virus budding by sorting to lipid raft microdomains and recruiting the internal viral core components. VLP formation also occurred independently of the function of Vps4 in the multivesicular body pathway, as dominant-negative Vps4 proteins failed to inhibit influenza VLP budding.

scholarly journals Chemical Diversity and Biological Activity of Secondary Metabolites Isolated from Indonesian Marine Invertebrates

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1898
Author(s):  
Fauzia Izzati ◽  
Mega Ferdina Warsito ◽  
Asep Bayu ◽  
Anggia Prasetyoputri ◽  
Akhirta Atikana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Marine Natural Products ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
High Chemical

Marine invertebrates have been reported to be an excellent resource of many novel bioactive compounds. Studies reported that Indonesia has remarkable yet underexplored marine natural products, with a high chemical diversity and a broad spectrum of biological activities. This review discusses recent updates on the exploration of marine natural products from Indonesian marine invertebrates (i.e., sponges, tunicates, and soft corals) throughout 2007–2020. This paper summarizes the structural diversity and biological function of the bioactive compounds isolated from Indonesian marine invertebrates as antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and antiviral, while also presenting the opportunity for further investigation of novel compounds derived from Indonesian marine invertebrates.

scholarly journals Characteristic Volatile Composition of Seven Seaweeds from the Yellow Sea of China

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Pengrui Wang ◽  
Jiapeng Chen ◽  
Lujing Chen ◽  
Li Shi ◽  
Hongbing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
Yellow Sea Of China

Plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represent a relatively wide class of secondary metabolites. The VOC profiles of seven seaweeds (Grateloupia filicina, Polysiphonia senticulosa, Callithamnion corymbosum, Sargassum thunbergii, Dictyota dichotoma, Enteromorpha prolifera and Ulva lactuca) from the Yellow Sea of China were investigated using multifiber headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC–MS), among them, the VOCs of three red algae Grateloupia filicina, Polysiphonia senticulosa, and Callithamnion corymbosum were first reported. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to disclose characteristic categories and molecules of VOCs and network pharmacology was performed to predict potential biomedical utilization of candidate seaweeds. Aldehyde was found to be the most abundant VOC category in the present study and (E)-β-ionone was the only compound found to exist in all seven seaweeds. The chemical diversity of aldehydes in E. prolifera suggest its potential application in chemotaxonomy and hinted that divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber is more suitable for aldehyde extraction. VOCs in D. dichotoma were characterized as sesquiterpenes and diterpenes and the most relevant pharmacological pathway was the neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction pathway, which suggests that D. dichotoma may have certain preventive and therapeutic values in cancer, especially in lung cancer, in addition to neuropsychiatric diseases.

P-203 Applying artificial intelligence for ploidy prediction: The concentration of IL-6 in spent culture medium, blastocyst morphological grade and embryo morphokinetics as variables under consideration

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Aparicio Ruiz ◽  
L Bori ◽  
E Paya ◽  
M A Valera ◽  
A Quiñonero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
General Description ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Morphokinetic Parameters ◽  
Testing Dataset ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Study question Would it be possible to predict embryo ploidy by taking into account conventional morphological and morphokinetic parameters together with IL-6 concentration in spent culture medium? Summary answer Our artificial neural network (ANN) trained with blastocyst morphology, embryo morphokinetics and IL-6 concentration distinguished between euploid/aneuploid embryos in 65% of the testing dataset. What is known already The analysis of spent embryo culture media represents the protein and metabolic state of the embryo and could be a non-invasive method of obtaining information about embryo quality. The impact of the presence/absence of several proteins in embryo culture samples over clinical results has been widely studied. The IL-6 is one of the most mentioned protein for its effect on embryo development, implantation and likelihood of achieving a live birth. In this initial attempt, we examined the predictive value for euploidy of a model that took into account the concentration of IL-6 in the spent culture medium. Study design, size, duration This prospective study included 319 embryos with PGT-A results. Out of the total, 127 were euploid and 192 aneuploid embryos. Concentration of IL-6 in spent embryo culture media (collected on the day of trophectoderm biopsy-fifth/sixth day of development), morphokinetic parameters (division time to 2 cells-t2; to 3 cells-t3, to 4 cells-t4; to 5 cells-t5 and time of blastocyst formation-tB) and blastocyst morphological grade (according to ASEBIR criteria) were considered to predict the embryo ploidy. Participants/materials, setting, methods Embryos were cultured in EmbryoScope. The chromosome analysis was performed using next-generation sequence technology. The concentration of IL-6 was measured in 20µL of spent embryo culture media with ELISA kits. Morphokinetic parameters were automatically annotated and the blastocyst morphology was evaluated by senior embryologists based on blastocele expansion, inner cell mass and trophectoderm quality. All the embryos were divided into 70% for training, 15% for validating and 15% for testing our ANN model with MatLab®. Main results and the role of chance The general description for the euploid embryo population was the following: 2% of the embryos were graded as A, 71% were graded as B and 28% were graded as C; the means and standard deviations were 25.32±2.97 hours (h) for t2, 35.33±5.15h for t3, 37.30±5.43h for t4, 48.24±6.62h for t5 and 103.93±12.8h for tB; and the average of IL-6 concentration was 1.51±0.70 pg/ml. The general description for the aneuploid embryo population was the following: 1% of the embryos were graded as A, 48% were graded as B and 51% were graded as C; the means and standard deviations were 26.13±3.51h for t2, 36.70±4.29h for t3, 38.20±4.24h for t4, 49.86±6.89h for t5 and 107.10±8.29h for tB; and the average of IL-6 concentration was 1.47±0.71 pg/ml. Our ANN model showed a higher general success rate as we increased the variables considered in the final prediction of euploid embryos. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for the testing dataset were: 0.60, 0.12 and 0.87 with morphokinetic parameters; 0.63, 0.24 and 0.93 with morphokinetics and IL-6 concentration; and 0.65, 0.16 and 0.96 with morphokinetics, IL-6 concentration and blastocyst morphological grade. Limitations, reasons for caution The low sensitivity and high specificity achieved in our models indicated that they were more capable of detecting aneuploid than euploid embryos. As this was a preliminary study, the small number of embryos included in the test (n = 48) was also a limitation. Wider implications of the findings The results showed that our model tended to classify the embryos as aneuploid. More euploid embryos would be necessary to train our model and achieve better results in the prediction of chromosomally normal embryos. Further studies with large number of embryos and additional variables could improve the non-invasive ploidy prediction. Trial registration number not applicable

Biochemical markers for pregnancy in the spent culture medium of in vitro produced bovine embryos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela de Oliveira Fernandes ◽  
Marcella Pecora Milazzotto ◽  
Andrei Antonioni Guedes Fidelis ◽  
Taynan Stonoga Kawamoto ◽  
Ligiane de Oliveira Leme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
The Media

Abstract The present study aimed to identify biomarkers to assess the quality of in vitro produced (IVP) bovine embryos in the culture media. IVP embryos on Day (D) 5 of development were transferred to individual drops, where they were maintained for the last 48 h of culture. Thereafter, the medium was collected and the embryos were transferred to the recipients. After pregnancy diagnosis, the media were grouped into the pregnant and nonpregnant groups. The metabolic profiles of the media were analyzed via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and the concentrations of pyruvate, lactate, and glutamate were assessed using fluorimetry. The spectrometric profile revealed that the media from embryos from the pregnant group presented a higher signal intensity compared to that of the nonpregnant group; the ions 156.13 Da [M + H]+, 444.33 Da [M + H]+, and 305.97 Da [M + H]+ were identified as biomarkers. Spent culture medium from expanded blastocysts (Bx) that established pregnancy had a greater concentration of pyruvate (p = 0.0174) and lesser concentration of lactate (p = 0.042) than spent culture medium from Bx that did not establish pregnancy. Moreover, pyruvate in the culture media of Bx can predict pregnancy with 90.9% sensitivity and 75% specificity. In conclusion, we identified markers in the culture media that helped in assessing the most viable IVP embryos with a greater potential to establish pregnancy.

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