Proinflammatory Cytokine and Nitric Oxide Induction in Murine Macrophages by Cell Wall and Cytoplasmic Extracts of Lactic Acid Bacteria

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1435-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA VICTORIA TEJADA-SIMON ◽  
JAMES J. PESTKA
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
No Production ◽  
Peyer’S Patch ◽  
Peyer's Patch

Cells from a number of bacterial genera have been shown to possess mitogenic and polyclonal activating properties when cultured with cells of the immune system. Based on previously reported health immune-enhancing effects of fermented dairy products, we tested the potentiating effects of representative lactic acid bacteria and their extracts on leukocyte function. Specifically, the effects of in vitro exposure to heat-killed cells of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. bulgaricus, L. casei, L. gasseri, L. helveticus, L. reuteri, and Streptococcus thermophilus, their cell walls, and their cytoplasmic extracts on proliferation as well as cytokine and nitric oxide (NO) production were examined in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. A similar strategy was applied to murine cultures composed of peritoneal, spleen, and Peyer's patch cells. Both the cell wall and cytoplasmic fractions of lactic acid bacteria were able to stimulate cloned macrophages to produce significant amounts of tumor necrosis factor-α, (interleukin) IL-6, and NO. Pronounced enhancement of IL-6 production by peritoneal cells was observed when cultured with those extracts, whereas, effects were not noted in spleen and Peyer's patch cell cultures from mice. Based on the results, it appears that, as a group, the lactic acid bacteria were capable of stimulating macrophages and possibly other immune cells to produce cytokines and NO, and both their cell walls and cytoplasm contributed to these capacities.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF EXOPOLISACCHARIDES OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ON THE SYNTHESIS OF PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES BY MACROPHAGIC MICE IN PHAGOCYTOSIS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
G. T. Uryadova ◽  
E. A. Gorelnikova ◽  
N. A. Fokina ◽  
A. S. Dolmashkina ◽  
L. V. Karpunina
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Ambiguous Effect ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Aim. Study of the effect of exopolysaccharides (EPS) of lactic acid cocci on cytokine activity of macrophages of mice with phagocytosis in vitro Staphylococcus aureus 209-P. Materials and methods. The EPS of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus lactis B-1662 was used in the work. At 13, 5 and 7, AMP and PMP were isolated and the phagocytosis process was modeled in vitro. After 30 minutes, 1, 6 and 24 hours, the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1a and TNF-a was determined. Results. EPSs had an ambiguous effect on the production of cytokines. The greatest effect on the synthesis was provided by EPS of S. thermophilus. Conclusion. The results of the study allow us to talk about the possibility of using EPS of S. thermophilus as a preventive immunomodulator for correction of the cytokine status of animals.

scholarly journals Porphyra yezoensis Sauces Fermented With Lactic Acid Bacteria: Fermentation Properties, Flavor Profile, and Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity in vitro

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Tengqi Gao ◽  
Feng Ge ◽  
Hao Sun ◽  
Zihang Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Porphyra Yezoensis ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Volatile Flavor ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

The demand for roasted seaweed sandwich (Porphyra yezoensis) product has risen in recent years. The product slicing process has created a huge number of scraps that are not utilized effectively. Three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were used to ferment P. yezoensis sauces in this study, including Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus thermophilus, and the mixed strains (1:1:1, v/v). The fermentation characteristics, antioxidant capacity in vitro, sensory properties, and flavoring substances of fermented P. yezoensis sauces were analyzed. After 21 days of fermentation, all LAB strains grew well in the P. yezoensis sauces, with protease activity increased to 6.6, 9.24, 5.06, and 5.5 U/mL, respectively. Also, the flavors of P. yezoensis sauces fermented with L. casei and L. fermentum were satisfactory. On this premise, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to investigate the changes in gustatory compounds in P. yezoensis sauces fermented with L. casei and L. fermentum. In general, 42 and 41 volatile flavor chemicals were identified after the fermentation of L. casei and L. fermentum. Furthermore, the fermented P. yezoensis sauce possessed greater DPPH scavenging activity and ferric-reducing ability power than the unfermented P. yezoensis. Overall, the flavor and taste of P. yezoensis sauce fermented by L. casei was superior.

Antibiotic susceptibility of different lactic acid bacteria strains

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Karapetkov ◽  
R. Georgieva ◽  
N. Rumyan ◽  
E. Karaivanova
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Subsp

Five lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains belonging to species Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus were tested for their susceptibility to 27 antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of each antimicrobial were determined using a microdilution test. Among the strains a high susceptibility was detected for most of the cell-wall synthesis inhibitors (penicillins, cefoxitin and vancomycin) and resistance toward inhibitors of DNA synthesis (trimethoprim/sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones). Generally, the Lactobacillus strains were inhibited by antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, erythromycin and tetracycline at breakpoint levels lower or equal to the levels defined by the European Food Safety Authority. Despite the very similar profile of S. thermophilus LC201 to lactobacilli, the detection of resistance toward erythromycin necessitates the performance of additional tests in order to prove the absence of transferable resistance genes.

scholarly journals Streptococcus thermophilus Cell Wall-Anchored Proteinase: Release, Purification, and Biochemical and Genetic Characterization

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 4772-4778 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Dolores Fernandez-Espla ◽  
Peggy Garault ◽  
Véronique Monnet ◽  
Françoise Rul
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Serine Proteinase ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Envelopes

ABSTRACT Streptococcus thermophilus CNRZ 385 expresses a cell envelope proteinase (PrtS), which is characterized in the present work, both at the biochemical and genetic levels. Since PrtS is resistant to most classical methods of extraction from the cell envelopes, we developed a three-step process based on loosening of the cell wall by cultivation of the cells in the presence of glycine (20 mM), mechanical disruption (with alumina powder), and enzymatic treatment (lysozyme). The pure enzyme is a serine proteinase highly activated by Ca2+ ions. Its activity was optimal at 37°C and pH 7.5 with acetyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-paranitroanilide as substrate. The study of the hydrolysis of the chromogenic and casein substrates indicated that PrtS presented an intermediate specificity between the most divergent types of cell envelope proteinases from lactococci, known as the PI and PIII types. This result was confirmed by the sequence determination of the regions involved in substrate specificity, which were a mix between those of PI and PIII types, and also had unique residues. Sequence analysis of the PrtS encoding gene revealed that PrtS is a member of the subtilase family. It is a multidomain protein which is maturated and tightly anchored to the cell wall via a mechanism involving an LPXTG motif. PrtS bears similarities to cell envelope proteinases from pyogenic streptococci (C5a peptidase and cell surface proteinase) and lactic acid bacteria (PrtP, PrtH, and PrtB). The highest homologies were found with streptococcal proteinases which lack, as PrtS, one domain (the B domain) present in cell envelope proteinases from all other lactic acid bacteria.

scholarly journals In Vitro Binding Potentials of Bentonite, Yeast Cell Wall and Lactic Acid Bacteria for Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damoon Ghofrani Tabari ◽  
Hassan Kermanshahi ◽  
Abolghasem Golian ◽  
Reza Majidzadeh Heravi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Yeast Cell ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Yeast Cell Wall ◽  
In Vitro Binding ◽  
Vitro Binding

Stability of the bacteria-bound zearalenone complex in ruminal fluid and in simulated gastrointestinal environment in vitro

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Niderkorn ◽  
H. Boudra ◽  
D. Morgavi
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Partial Dissociation

Zearalenone (ZEA), an oestrogenic secondary metabolite of Fusarium, is a common feed contaminant. Lactic acid bacteria are capable to bind ZEA and this property could be used to limit its negative biological effects on farm animals. The aim of this work was to examine the stability of a lactic acid bacterium, Streptococcus thermophilus RAR1-ZEA complex in ruminal fluid and in conditions simulating compartments of the gastrointestinal tract. The lactic acid bacteria-ZEA complex was 70% stable in ruminal fluid incubations for up to 18 h, and about 50% of ZEA initially complexed still remained bound after incubation in pepsin, lysozyme, pancreatin and bile either alone or sequentially. However, the release of ZEA was predominantly caused by washing, except for bile which produced a partial dissociation of the complex (P<0.05). Addition of free ZEA to ruminal fluid resulted in instantaneous binding of about 70% of the toxin. ZEA bound to ruminal fluid was even more stable than lactic acid bacteria-ZEA in in vitro ruminal fermentations and in simulated gastrointestinal tract juices. It is concluded that complexation of ZEA in ruminal fluid could help protect ruminants against the toxin, and that the use of selected strains of lactic acid bacteria efficiently binding ZEA to limit its toxic effects could be more advantageous in monogastric animals.

scholarly journals Immunostimulatory Activity of Synbiotics Using Lactococcus lactis SG-030 and Glucooligosaccharides from Weissella cibaria YRK005

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2437
Author(s):  
Ayeon Kwon ◽  
Young-Seo Park
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Immunostimulatory Activity ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Weissella Cibaria

Much attention has been recently paid to the health benefits of synbiotics, a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. In this study, synbiotics were prepared by combining lactic acid bacteria with potential as probiotics and purified glucooligosaccharides, and their immunostimulatory activity was evaluated using RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. A lactic acid bacteria strain with high antioxidant activity, acid and bile salt tolerance, adhesion to Caco-2 cells, and nitric oxide (NO) production was selected as a potential probiotic strain. The selected strain, isolated from forsythia, was identified as Lactococcus lactis SG-030. The purified glucooligosaccharides produced from Weissella cibaria YRK005 were used as prebiotics. RAW 264.7 cells were treated with synbiotics in two ways. One way was a simultaneous treatment with lactic acid bacteria and glucooligosaccharides. The other way was to pre-culture the lactic acid bacteria with glucooligosaccharides followed by treatment with synbiotic culture broth or synbiotic culture supernatant. In both cases, synbiotics synergistically increased NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, synbiotics treatment increased the expression of tissue necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase genes. Synbiotics also increased the expression of P38, extracellular signal-regulated kinases, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and Akt proteins. The results confirmed that the synbiotics prepared in this study exhibited synergistic immunostimulatory activity.

scholarly journals Probiotic candidates among dairy Lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophiles strains for control of the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis

Folia Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 720-725
Author(s):  
Michaela Michaylova ◽  
Tsvetelina Yungareva ◽  
Zoltan Urshev ◽  
Yana Dermendzieva ◽  
Blagovesta Yaneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Freeze Dried

Introduction: The gram-negative bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis is a major causative agent of periodontitis in adults. It is also associated with disorders of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems, rheumatoid arthritis, pancreatic cancer, and Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) present in the oral cavity or introduced as probiotic preparations can support successful treatment of periodontitis due to their antagonism with the pathogen. Aim: The aim of this study was in vitro assessment of the antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus spp. and Streptococcus thermophilus against P. gingivalis. Materials and methods: The antimicrobial effect of lactobacilli or S. thermophilus from the LBB Culture collection against P. gingivalis DSM 20709 was evaluated with the well diffusion assay on Wilkins Chalgren blood agar. Inhibition of the pathogen was evaluated by measuring the diameter of clear zones around the wells. Results: Application of milk fermented with selected LAB resulted in &#1072; bacteriostatic effect. The most active culture was S. thermophilus 187/4, followed by L. delbr. ssp. bulgaricus (LBB.B1054, C3/2 and LBB.B120), L. helveticus LBB.H48/1 and L. rhamnosus I-1/13. The respective reconstituted freeze-dried preparations had a stronger inhibitory effect on the pathogen with the formation of clear bactericidal zones. The effect of milk acidified with lactic acid was apparent with minimal bactericidal zone observed at concentration of 0.1%. The effectiveness of the assay was confirmed with Elgydium and Eludril. Conclusions:P. gingivalis DSM 20709 was sensitive to the metabolites produced in fermented milk by selected strains of L. delbr. ssp. bulgaricus, L. helveticus, L. rhamnosus, and S. thermophilus. Reconstituted freeze dried fermented milk had &#1072; stronger inhibitory effect compared to fresh samples. Lactic acid produced by lactic acid bacteria was the key component for inhibition of the pathogen.

Ex Vivo Effects of Lactobacilli, Streptococci, and Bifidobacteria Ingestion on Cytokine and Nitric Oxide Production in a Murine Model

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA VICTORIA TEJADA-SIMON ◽  
ZEYNEP USTUNOL ◽  
JAMES J. PESTKA
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Peyer's Patch ◽  
Peritoneal Cells ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

Increasing numbers of functional foods and pharmaceutical preparations are being promoted with health claims based on the potential probiotic characteristics of lactic acid bacteria and on their capacity for stimulating the host immune system. However, the specific immune effects of oral administration of these microbes still remains undefined. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that production of immunologic mediators by leukocytes in mice is affected by orally administered lactic acid bacteria. The specific objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of exposure to eight different lactic acid bacteria in mice on ex vivo cytokine and nitric oxide production in leukocyte cultures. Mice were gavaged with 1 × 109 viable bacteria and peritoneal, Peyer's patch and splenic leukocytes were isolated 8 h later. These were cultured for 2 or 5 days in the presence or absence of mitogens and then interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and nitric oxide production was measured. The results revealed that Lactobacillus acidophilus and L. casei potentiated IL-6 and IL-12 production by peritoneal cells whereas L. acidophilus upregulated IFN-γ and nitric oxide. In contrast, L. helveticus, L. gasseri, L. reuteri, and Bifidobacterium attenuated the production of IL-6, IFN-γ, and nitric oxide by peritoneal cells. TNF-α was not detectable in peritoneal cultures. None of the bacteria altered ex vivo production of cytokines or nitric oxide by Peyer's patch or spleen cell cultures. Taken together, the results suggest that prior oral exposure to lactic acid bacteria could differentially potentiate or attenuate subsequent cytokine and nitric oxide production by peritoneal cells.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Immunomodulatory Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1318-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Villamil ◽  
C. Tafalla ◽  
A. Figueras ◽  
B. Novoa
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Scophthalmus Maximus ◽  
No Production ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Intestinal Mucus

ABSTRACT In the present work, the effects of several lactic acid bacteria on the immune response of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) macrophages have been studied both in vitro and in vivo. Out of six lactic acid bacterial strains tested, only heat-killed Lactococcus lactis significantly increased the turbot head kidney macrophage chemiluminescent (CL) response after 24 h of incubation. Nitric oxide (NO) was also significantly enhanced by this bacterium after 72 h of incubation with either viable (103 and 106 cells/ml) or heat-killed (106 cells/ml) bacteria. Viable Leuconostoc mesenteroides (106 cells/ml) was also capable of significantly increasing NO production. Since L. lactis proved to be the strain with more effects on the host immune function, further in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted with this bacterium. The in vitro capacity of L. lactis to adhere to turbot intestinal mucus was positively confirmed. When orally administered, L. lactis significantly increased the macrophage CL response and the serum NO concentration after 7 days of daily administration. The antibacterial effect of the extracellular products from the six LAB strains against the fish-pathogenic bacterium Vibrio anguillarum was also demonstrated in vitro.

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