Pattern of Eprinomectin Milk Excretion in Dairy Sheep Unaffected by Lactation Stage: Comparative Residual Profiles in Dairy Products

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2424-2429 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDA IMPERIALE ◽  
ALEJANDRA PIS ◽  
JUAN SALLOVITZ ◽  
ADRIÁN LISFCHITZ ◽  
MARGARITA BUSETTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Dairy Sheep ◽  
Cheese Making ◽  
Cheese Ripening ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Kinetics Of

Eprinomectin (EPM) is a broad-spectrum endectocide compound approved for use in dairy cattle with a zero milk-withdrawal period, but has not been registered for use in lactating dairy sheep. The pattern of EPM excretion in milk was comparatively characterized following its pour-on administration (500 μg/kg) to lactating dairy sheep at two different stages of lactation. The relationship between milk excretion and plasma disposition kinetics of EPM was characterized. Residual EPM concentrations were assessed during cheese making (whey and curd) and ripening (cheese) by high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. EPM was poorly distributed from the bloodstream to the mammary gland and low concentrations were excreted in milk. The level of milk production (early-mid and mid-late lactation) did not affect either the plasma-milk distribution or the pattern of residual concentrations in milk. During cheese making, the highest residual concentrations of EPM were measured in the curd, which increased during cheese ripening, reaching a maximum after 40 days. However, these residual concentrations were below the maximum residue limit of 20 ng/ml established for EPM in bovine's milk. Therefore, these dairy products could be considered safe for consumers after the EPM antiparasitic pour-on treatment (500 μg/kg) in lactating dairy sheep.

Kinetics of Various 99mTc-Sn-Pyrophosphate Compounds in the Rat

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Schümichen ◽  
B. Mackenbrock ◽  
G. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Compound A ◽  
Short Half Life ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
In Vitro Stability

SummaryThe bone-seeking 99mTc-Sn-pyrophosphate compound (compound A) was diluted both in vitro and in vivo and proved to be unstable both in vitro and in vivo. However, stability was much better in vivo than in vitro and thus the in vitro stability of compound A after dilution in various mediums could be followed up by a consecutive evaluation of the in vivo distribution in the rat. After dilution in neutral normal saline compound A is metastable and after a short half-life it is transformed into the other 99mTc-Sn-pyrophosphate compound A is metastable and after a short half-life in bone but in the kidneys. After dilution in normal saline of low pH and in buffering solutions the stability of compound A is increased. In human plasma compound A is relatively stable but not in plasma water. When compound B is formed in a buffering solution, uptake in the kidneys and excretion in urine is lowered and blood concentration increased.It is assumed that the association of protons to compound A will increase its stability at low concentrations while that to compound B will lead to a strong protein bond in plasma. It is concluded that compound A will not be stable in vivo because of a lack of stability in the extravascular space, and that the protein bond in plasma will be a measure of its in vivo stability.

Determination of dicyandiamide in dairy products by high performance liquid chromatography

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaozhen CHEN ◽  
Wanqin CHEN ◽  
Jin WANG ◽  
Liying HUANG ◽  
Donglei ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance

Submerged upflow biotower operation and computer simulation

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 143-146
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Neufeld ◽  
Christopher A. Badali ◽  
Dennis Powers ◽  
Christopher Carson
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
First Order ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Biological Transformation ◽  
Kinetics Of

A two step operation is proposed for the biodegradation of low concentrations (< 10 mg/L) of BETX substances in an up flow submerged biotower configuration. Step 1 involves growth of a lush biofilm using benzoic acid in a batch mode. Step 2 involves a longer term biological transformation of BETX. Kinetics of biotransformations are modeled using first order assumptions, with rate constants being a function of benzoic acid dosages used in Step 1. A calibrated computer model is developed and presented to predict the degree of transformation and biomass level throughout the tower under a variety of inlet and design operational conditions.

Study of nickel-molybdenum catalysts for methanation of carbon monoxide

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Taras ◽  
Milan Pospíšil
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Fast Neutrons ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Molybdenum Catalysts ◽  
Kinetics Of

Catalytic activity of nickel-molybdenum catalysts for methanation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry. The activity of NiMoOx systems exceeds that of carrier-free nickel if x < 2, and is conditioned by the oxidation degree of molybdenum, changing in dependence on the composition in the region Mo-MoO2. The activity of the catalysts is adversely affected by irradiation by fast neutrons, dose 28.1 Gy, or by γ rays using doses in the region 0.8-52 kGy. The system is most susceptible to irradiation in the region of low concentrations of the minor component (about 1 mol.%). The dependence of changes in catalytic activity of γ-irradiated samples on the dose exhibits a maximum in the range of 2-5 kGy. The changes in catalytic activity are stimulated by the change of reactivity of the starting mixed oxides, leading to different kinetics of their reduction and modification of their adsorption properties. The irradiation of the catalysts results in lowered concentration of the active centres for the methanation reaction.

Impact of markers of endothelial injury and hypercoagulability on systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
W Batista Cicarini ◽  
R C Figueiredo Duarte ◽  
K Silvestre Ferreira ◽  
C de Mello Gomes Loures ◽  
R Vargas Consoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Endothelial Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Relationship

We have explored the relationship between possible hemostatic changes and clinical manifestation of the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as a function of greater or lesser disease activity according to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index-2000 (SLEDAI-2K) criteria. Endothelial injury and hypercoagulability were investigated in patients with SLE by measuring thrombomodulin (TM), D-dimer (DDi) and thrombin generation (TG) potential. A total of 90 participants were distributed into three groups: 1) women with SLE presenting with low disease activity (laSLE) (SLEDAI-2K ≤ 4), 2) women with SLE presenting with moderate to high disease activity (mhaSLE) (SLEDAI-2K > 4), and 3) a control group comprising healthy women. Levels of TM and DDi were higher both in the laSLE and mhaSLE groups compared to controls and in mhaSLE compared to the laSLE group. With respect to TG assay, lagtime and endogen thrombin potential, low concentrations of tissue factor provided the best results for discrimination among groups. Analysis of these data allow us to conclude that TM, DDi and TG are potentially useful markers for discriminating patients with very active from those with lower active disease. Higher SLE activity may cause endothelial injury, resulting in higher TG and consequently a hypercoagulability state underlying the picture of thrombosis common in this inflammatory disease.

scholarly journals New Trimethoprim-Like Molecules: Bacteriological Evaluation and Insights into Their Action

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Marta Jorba ◽  
Marina Pedrola ◽  
Ouldouz Ghashghaei ◽  
Rocío Herráez ◽  
Lluis Campos-Vicens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Pump Activity ◽  
Bacteriological Evaluation ◽  
Kinetics Of

This work reports a detailed characterization of the antimicrobial profile of two trimethoprim-like molecules (compounds 1a and 1b) identified in previous studies. Both molecules displayed remarkable antimicrobial activity, particularly when combined with sulfamethoxazole. In disk diffusion assays on Petri dishes, compounds 1a and 1b showed synergistic effects with colistin. Specifically, in combinations with low concentrations of colistin, very large increases in the activities of compounds 1a and 1b were determined, as demonstrated by alterations in the kinetics of bacterial growth despite only slight changes in the fractional inhibitory concentration index. The effect of colistin may be to increase the rate of antibiotic entry while reducing efflux pump activity. Compounds 1a and 1b were susceptible to extrusion by efflux pumps, whereas the inhibitor phenylalanine arginyl β-naphthylamide (PAβN) exerted effects similar to those of colistin. The interactions between the target enzyme (dihydrofolate reductase), the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and the studied molecules were explored using enzymology tools and computational chemistry. A model based on docking results is reported.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Associations between Mothers and Children’s Breakfast Routine—The Feel4Diabetes-Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Natalia Giménez-Legarre ◽  
Alba M. Santaliestra-Pasías ◽  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Rurik Imre ◽  
Violeta Iotova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Positive influences of family members have been associated with a high probability of children’s daily breakfast consumption. Therefore, the aim of this study was to scrutinize the association of breakfast routines between mothers and their children. The baseline data of the Feel4Diabetes-study was obtained in 9760 children (49.05% boys)–mother pairs in six European countries. A parental self-reported questionnaire gauging the frequency of breakfast consumption and of breakfast´ foods and beverages consumption was used. Agreement in routines of mothers and their children’s breakfast consumption was analyzed in sex-specific crosstabs. The relationship of breakfast routine and food groups’ consumption between mothers and their children was assessed with analysis of covariance. The highest proportion of children who always consumed breakfast were those whose mothers always consumed it. Children consuming breakfast regularly had a higher intake of milk or unsweetened dairy products and all kind of cereal products (low fiber and whole-grain) than occasional breakfast consumers (p < 0.05). The strong similarity between mothers and children suggests a transfer of breakfast routine from mothers to their children, as a high proportion of children who usually consume breakfast were from mothers also consuming breakfast. All breakfast foods and beverages consumption frequencies were similar between children and their mothers.

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