Effect of Gutting on Microbial Loads, Sensory Properties, and Volatile and Biogenic Amine Contents of European Hake (Merluccius merluccius var. mediterraneus) Stored in Ice

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1671-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
SONIA BAIXAS-NOGUERAS ◽  
SARA BOVER-CID ◽  
M. TERESA VECIANA-NOGUÉS ◽  
M. CARMEN VIDAL-CAROU
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Biogenic Amine ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ice Storage ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Merluccius Merluccius ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
European Hake ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The effect of gutting on sensory, microbiological, and chemical properties of European hake (Merluccius merluccius var. mediterraneus) stored in ice was studied. Gutting of hake noticeably affected the development of gram-negative bacteria: counts of Enterobacteriaceae, Shewanella putrefaciens, and Pseudomonas throughout ice storage were higher in gutted than in ungutted samples. These differences in microbial loads were also reflected in the lower sensory scores of both raw and cooked hake, in the quicker trimethylamine accumulation, and in the higher contents of putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine, and histamine found in gutted hake. All of the fish quality indicators studied showed that gutting made hake more susceptible to spoilage during ice storage and decreased its shelf life by 4 days.

Biogenic Amine Index for Freshness Evaluation in Iced Mediterranean Hake (Merluccius merluccius)

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2433-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. BAIXAS-NOGUERAS ◽  
S. BOVER-CID ◽  
M. T. VECIANA-NOGUÉS ◽  
A. MARINÉ-FONT ◽  
M. C. VIDAL-CAROU
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Biogenic Amine ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ice Storage ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Merluccius Merluccius ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
Chilling Temperatures

Biogenic amine accumulation was studied during the ice storage of Mediterranean hake. Sensory analysis and counts of Shewanella, Pseudomonas, enterobacteria, psychrotrophic, and mesophilic bacteria provided complementary information on hake spoilage. Putrescine and cadaverine were the main amines accumulated, whereas histamine and tyramine were minor amines but had qualitative interest from the hygienic point of view. Although all biogenic amines were less abundant than in pelagic fish, they may also be used as indicators of freshness and/or spoilage in hake. Cadaverine was the amine best correlated with Shewanella, which was the specific spoilage organism. Therefore, cadaverine may be regarded as the specific spoilage biogenic amine for hake stored at chilling temperatures. However, the biogenic amine index, which considers cadaverine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine, has several advantages as an indicator of hake quality. Taking into account sensory data, an acceptability limit of the biogenic amine index could be established in 15 to 20 μg/g.

scholarly journals Bacteriological, Physical And Chemical Properties Of The Pagla Sewage Treatment Plant’s Water

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
Ashraful Alam ◽  
Mahbubar Rahman Khan ◽  
Sirajul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Treated Water

Samples from Pagla sewage treatment plant at different treatment stages showed more or less similar temperature (26.9 - 27.5°C). The pH ranged from 7.2 - 7.9. Influent water and primary sedimentation tank water were brownish in colour while sludge water was light black. The lagoon water and treated water were greenish. The ammonium?nitrogen (NH+4-N) and nitrate?nitrogen (NO-3?N) ranged from 5.24 - 61.94 mg/l and 2.55 - 11.02 mg/l, respectively. Phosphorus of the water was 1.34 - 4.50 mg/l. The suspended solids (SS) ranged from 25.48 ? 374.69 mg/l. In the present study the amount of SS in the treated water were found to be quite satisfactory. The total bacterial population in Pagla sewage treatments plant was in between 2.9 × 104 and 2.5 × 106 cfu/ml. The qualitative bacterial spectrum showed a potential consortium of bacteria associated with the treatment plant. Both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria were present. Gram positive bacteria were represented by the different species of the genus Bacillus, Aureobacterium and Kurthia. Among them Bacillus was the dominant genus. The different species of Bacillus were Bacillus sphaericus, B. fastidiosus, B. circulans and B. pasteurii. Gram negative bacteria were Zoogloea, Yersinia, Citrobacter and Pseudomonas. A good number of microorganisms were found to be associated with the bio-oxidation of the organic compounds of the influent. The Zoogloea along with other free flowing aerobic heterotrophic bacteria like Bacillus, Pseudomonas could play the major role in the sewage treatment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v21i1.9739 DUJBS 2012 21(1): 1-7

scholarly journals Impact of Gram-negative bacteria in interaction with a complex microbial consortium on biogenic amine content and sensory characteristics of an uncooked pressed cheese

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Delbès-Paus ◽  
Sylvie Pochet ◽  
Sandra Helinck ◽  
Philippe Veisseire ◽  
Cécile Bord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amine ◽  
Microbial Consortium ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Amine Content

scholarly journals IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDY OF A BACTERIAL ENDOTOXIN: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI TYPE Z

1954 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leighton E. Cluff
Keyword(s):  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Immunochemical Study ◽  
Protein Conjugates ◽  
Zone Electrophoresis ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Serological Activity ◽  
Released Polysaccharide ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The endotoxins of the Gram-negative bacteria have similar biological and chemical properties. The toxic antigen of Shigella flexneri Type Z was selected as a representative endotoxin, and it was confirmed that the antigen consists of a polysaccharide conjugated with phospholipid and protein. By the technique of zone electrophoresis, the polysaccharide of the purified endotoxin was shown to be conjugated with each of three different proteins, and each conjugate proved toxic and antigenic for the rabbit. Two of the protein conjugates were digested by trypsin and the released polysaccharide appeared to conjugate with the remaining trypsin-resistant protein. Immunological analysis revealed that the purified toxic antigen is heterogeneous and that the polysaccharide and protein components possessed serological activity. The trypsin-treated toxin had a single electrophoretic zone and its precipitation in gel suggested immunological purity. Proteolytic treatment of the endotoxin did not destroy its toxicity or antigenicity for the rabbit.

scholarly journals KAJIAN SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA BUAH STROBERI BERDASARKAN MASA SIMPAN DENGAN PENGOLAHAN CITRA

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Rizky Ramadani Dwi Utari ◽  
Dedy Wirawan Soedibyo ◽  
Dian Purbasari
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Image ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In the storage processes strawberries experiencesdetrimental changes so that they can affect the quality of fruit. This change can be detected by testing the physical and chemical properties in particular shelf life period. In generally the measurement of physical and chemical properties are done manually andcausing damage to the object being observed (destructive method). Based on description above, it is necessary to measure non-destructive method using digital image processing. This study aimed to identify the relationship between physical and chemical propertiesvariables and image quality variables (area, height, widht, perimeter red index andblue index) based on 0, 1, and 2 days shelf life using an image processing program. The sample used in this study were 155 pieces strawberry from A quality. The strawberry image was taken by using a CCD camerathen extracted using SharpDevelop 4.2 software. Physical and chemical properties of the strawberry were measured using digital O'hauss pioneer scales, penetrometer, refractometer and pH meter to obtain data on weight, hardness, total dissolved solids and acidity (pH). Correlation test results indicated from strong to very strong relationship between physical and chemical properties variablesand image quality variables with a range of correlation coefficient values from 0,725 to 1,000. Image quality variables that could be used as input for estimating shelf life was blue index, with validation test resulted 87,7%total accuracy. Keywords: characteristics, chemical, image processing, physical, shelf life, strawberry

Enhancement of Shelf Life of Grated Beetroots

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1230-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA M. LOPEZ OSORNIO ◽  
ALICIA R. CHAVES
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fermentative Bacteria ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Microbiological quality in grated beetroots was studied. The vegetable was washed with cold water (8°C) or with chlorinated water (8°C and 252 mg active chlorine per liter water) and packaged in trays wrapped in high permeability film (PVC). Storage temperatures were 0, 4, and 20°C. Aerobic count colonies (ACC), fungi and yeasts, and lactose fermentative bacteria were determined. Representative colonies were identified. The results obtained showed that the treatment with chlorinated water caused significant decreases (P < 0.05) in the initial yeast counts and total aerobic counts. Treatment with cold chlorinated water significantly decreased the yeast counts and PCA counts after 3 days at 0 and 4°C. The change to 20°C caused significantly increased (P < 0.05) PCA counts in the grated beetroots (107 to 108 CFU/g). The microorganisms predominant among the isolates from fresh grated beetroots were gram negative bacteria (80%) and yeasts. None of the trays with grated beetroots contained molds. Some of the bacteria identified were Micrococcus luteus, Acinetobacter spp., Corynebacterium spp., and Enterobacteriaceae.

scholarly journals Facile Synthesis of Natural Anise-Based Nanoemulsions and Their Antimicrobial Activity

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2009
Author(s):  
Ola A. Abu Ali ◽  
Mehrez E. El-Naggar ◽  
Mohamed S. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Dalia I. Saleh ◽  
Mohamed. A. Abu-Saied ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Anise oil was prepared in its nanoemulsion form to facilitate the penetration of microbial walls, causing microbe mortality. The penetration occurred easily owing to the reduction in its size (nm). Nanoemulsions with different concentrations of anise oil were prepared using lecithin as an emulsifying agent with the aid of an ultra-sonification process. Their morphological and chemical properties were then characterized. The promising constituents were l-Menthone (11.22%), Gurjunene (6.78%), Geranyl acetate (4.03%), Elemene (3.93%), Geranyl tiglate (3.53%), geraniol (3.48%), linalool (0.17%) as well as camphene (0.12%). Different concentrations of prepared anise oil in micro and nanoemulsions were tested as antimicrobial agents against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), yeast (Candida albicans) and fungi (Asperigillus niger). The findings illustrated that the anise oil-based nanoemulsion exhibited better results. Different biochemical and biological evaluations of anise oil nanoemulsions were conducted, including determining killing times, antioxidant activities (using three different methods), and total phenolics. A trial to estimate the mode of action of anise oil-based nanoemulsion as an antimicrobial agent against S. aureus and C. albicans was performed via studying the release of reducing sugars and protein and conducting scanning electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Preparation characterization and biological activity of some new tetra - azo compounds

2008 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Azo Compounds ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Phenol Derivatives ◽  
Visible Spectra ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In this paper , preparation and characterization of some tetra azo compounds .Azo coupling of 3`,3,4`,4- tetra amino biphenyl with phenol and some phenol derivatives in alkaline solution gave azo dyes. I.R and U.V. visible spectra were recorded to identify the three azo compounds prepared . Some physical and chemical properties such as molar absorption coefficient in different pH value and maximum absorption λ maxwere investigated. The biological effect of these dye against two gram positive Bacteria (S.aureuse) and other two gram negative Bacteria (P.aeruginosa) is presented .

scholarly journals Shelf life of anchovy products (Engraulis encrasicolus): evaluation of sensory, microbiological and chemical properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ariano ◽  
Luigi Scarano ◽  
Amalia Mormile ◽  
Maria Barile ◽  
Giuseppe Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Engraulis Encrasicolus ◽  
And Chemical Properties

scholarly journals KAJIAN SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA JERUK SIAM (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) SEMBORO BERDASARKAN UMUR SIMPAN MENGGUNAKAN PENGOLAHAN CITRA DIGITAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Herman Setiawan ◽  
Dedy Wirawan Soedibyo ◽  
Dian Purbasari
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Code Size ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Since hundreds of years ago, orange have grown in Indonesia either naturally or cultivated. One of the most popular places for producing orange varieties is Semboro, Jember Regency. The quality of Semboro oranges is influenced by the level of harvest age and shelf life. In the storage process, Orange expiriences physically and chemical changes at each shelf life which is detrimental. At present the tests performed on Semboro orange are destructive. Based on this, non-destructive measurements are needed by using other methods such as digital image processing. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the physical and chemical properties of Semboro orange based on shelf life. The Semboro Orange used was 150 fruits of super quality with  code size 1 and the same picking age of 28 MSB (weeks after flowering). Semboro oranges are stored for 15 days and measured with variations in shelf life of 1, 8 and 15 days. This research was conducted in two stages, namely taking pictures and measuring physical and chemical characteristics. Orange samples were then measured interm of physical and chemical properties using the O'hauss pioneer digital scales, penetrometer, refractometer and pH meter to obtain data on fruit weight, fruit hardness, total dissolved solids and acidity (pH) of the fruit. The value of the image quality variable and the physical and chemical properties were analyzed using one way anova test, correlation, regression, boxplot and validation test.

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