Mercury Content in Commercially Available Finfish in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 1361-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENNIS P. CLADIS ◽  
ALISON C. KLEINER ◽  
CHARLES R. SANTERRE
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New England ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Mercury In Fish ◽  
King Mackerel

Seventy-seven finfish species (300 composites of three fish) were obtained from commercial vendors in six regions of the United States: Great Lakes, mid-Atlantic, New England, northwest, southeast, and southwest. Total mercury in fish muscle tissue ranged from 1 ppb (channel catfish) to 1,425 ppb (king mackerel). Of the top 10 most commonly consumed seafoods in the United States, all finfish species, including salmon species (13 to 62 ppb), Alaskan pollock (11 ppb), tilapia (16 ppb), channel catfish (1 ppb), Atlantic cod (82 ppb), and pangasius (swai) (2 ppb), had low total mercury concentrations. However, two large predatory species, king mackerel and swordfish (1,107 ppb), contained mercury concentrations above the current U.S. Food and Drug Administration action level of 1,000 ppb, indicating that consumers may be unaware that species that are high in mercury are being sold in the marketplace.

Mid-Nineteenth Century New England Women in Evangelical Foreign Missions: Seraphina Haynes Everett, A Missionary Wife in The Ottoman Mission Field

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-102
Author(s):  
Melike Tokay-Ünal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Missions ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
Islam And Christianity ◽  
Mission Field ◽  
Journal Entries

This article illustrates American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions’ support of the “missionary matrimony”, mid-nineteenth-century New England women’s perceptions of the missionary career obtained through matrimony, and their impressions of the Oriental mission fields and non-Christian or non-Protestant women, who were depicted as victims to be saved. A brief introduction to New England women’s involvement in foreign missions will continue with the driving force that led these women to leave the United States for far mission fields in the second part of the paper. This context will be exemplified with the story of a New England missionary wife. The analysis consists of the journal entries and letters of Seraphina Haynes Everett of Ottoman mission field. The writings of this woman from New England give detailed information about the spiritual voyage she was taking in the mid-nineteenth century Ottoman lands. In her letters to the United States, Everett described two Ottoman cities, Izmir (Smyrna) and Istanbul (Constantinople), and wrote about her impressions of Islam and Christianity as practiced in the Ottoman empire. Everett’s opinions of the Ottoman empire, which encouraged more American women to devote themselves to the education and to the evangelization of Armenian women of the Ottoman empire in the middle of the nineteenth century, conclude the paper.

Should Screening Programs Be Perfect?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-301
Author(s):  
PHILIP R. WYATT
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
New England ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neonatal Hypothyroidism ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Care System

To the Editor.— The report of the New England Regional Screening Program1 on neonatal hypothyroidism is a stunning illustration of the vulnerability of screening programs. It is unfortunate that this experience will probably be used as an argument to minimize the input of screening programs in the health care system in the United States. The report illustrates that, in addition to the 2% of the screened population that eluded the program, 14 infants with hypothyroidism escaped the full benefits of early detection and treatment.

The Post-Deportation Human Rights Project: Participatory Action Research with Maya Transnational Families

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lykes ◽  
Erin McDonald ◽  
Cesar Boc
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
New England ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigrant Parents ◽  
Transnational Families ◽  
Southern New England ◽  
Immigrant Organizations ◽  
The Right

As the number of immigrants in the United States has increased dramatically in recent decades, so has the number of human rights violations against immigrants in the form of arrests without warrants, detention and deportation of parents without consideration of the well-being of their children, and incarceration without bail or the right to a public attorney. The Post-Deportation Human Rights Project (PDHRP) at Boston College was developed to investigate and respond to the legal and psychological effects of deportation policies on migrants living in or deported from the United States. This unique multidisciplinary project involves lawyers, social science faculty, and graduate students—all of whom are bilingual, one of whom is trilingual, and many of whom are bicultural—working together in partnership with local immigrant organizations to address the psychosocial impact of deportation on Latino and Maya families and communities. Our work includes psycho-educational and rights education workshops with immigrant parents and their children in southern New England as well as a cross-national project based in the U.S. and Guatemala supporting transnational families through participatory research, educational workshops, and legal resources.

scholarly journals Cosmopolitanism, Translocality, Astronoetics: A Multi-Local Vantage Point

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Gabriela Vargas-Cetina ◽  
Manpreet Kaur Kang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Special Volume ◽  
Multiple Flows ◽  
The World ◽  
Shed Light

The world in which we live is crisscrossed by multiple flows of people, information, non-human life, travel circuits and goods. At least since the Sixteenth Century, the Americas have received and generated new social, cultural and product trends. As we see through the case studies presented here, modern literature and dance, the industrialization of food and the race to space cannot be historicized without considering the role the Americas, and particularly the United States, have played in all of them. We also see, at the same time, how these flows of thought, art, science and products emerged from sources outside the Americas to then take root in and beyond the United States. The authors in this special volume are devising conceptual tools to analyze this multiplicity across continents and also at the level of particular nations and localities. Concepts such as cosmopolitanism, translocality and astronoetics are brought to shed light on these complex crossings, giving us new ways to look at the intricacy of these distance-crossing flows. India, perhaps surprisingly, emerges as an important cultural interlocutor, beginning with the idealized, imagined versions of Indian spirituality that fueled the romanticism of the New England Transcendentalists, to the importance of Indian dance pioneers in the world stage during the first part of the twentieth century and the current importance of India as a player in the race to space. 

scholarly journals Model analyses of atmospheric mercury: present air quality and effects of transpacific transport on the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 9849-9893 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lei ◽  
X.-Z. Liang ◽  
D. J. Wuebbles ◽  
Z. Tao
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
The United States ◽  
Atmospheric Mercury ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Mercury Deposition ◽  
Transpacific Transport ◽  
Mercury Cycle

Abstract. Atmospheric mercury is a toxic air and water pollutant that is of significant concern because of its effects on human health and ecosystems. A mechanistic representation of the atmospheric mercury cycle is developed for the state-of-the-art global climate-chemistry model, CAM-Chem (Community Atmospheric Model with Chemistry). The model simulates the emission, transport, transformation and deposition of atmospheric mercury (Hg) in three forms: elemental mercury (Hg(0)), reactive mercury (Hg(II)), and particulate mercury (PHg). Emissions of mercury include those from human, land, ocean, biomass burning and volcano related sources. Land emissions are calculated based on surface solar radiation flux and skin temperature. A simplified air–sea mercury exchange scheme is used to calculate emissions from the oceans. The chemistry mechanism includes the oxidation of Hg(0) in gaseous phase by ozone with temperature dependence, OH, H2O2 and chlorine. Aqueous chemistry includes both oxidation and reduction of Hg(0). Transport and deposition of mercury species are calculated through adapting the original formulations in CAM-Chem. The CAM-Chem model with mercury is driven by present meteorology to simulate the present mercury air quality during the 1999–2001 periods. The resulting surface concentrations of total gaseous mercury (TGM) are then compared with the observations from worldwide sites. Simulated wet depositions of mercury over the continental United States are compared to the observations from 26 Mercury Deposition Network stations to test the wet deposition simulations. The evaluations of gaseous concentrations and wet deposition confirm a strong capability for the CAM-Chem mercury mechanism to simulate the atmospheric mercury cycle. The results also indicate that mercury pollution in East Asia and Southern Africa is very significant with TGM concentrations above 3.0 ng m−3. The comparison to wet deposition indicates that wet deposition patterns of mercury are more affected by the spatial variability of precipitation. The sensitivity experiments show that 22% of total mercury deposition and 25% of TGM concentrations in the United States are resulted from domestic anthropogenic sources, but only 9% of total mercury deposition and 7% of TGM concentrations are contributed by transpacific transport. However, the contributions of domestic and transpacific sources on the western United States levels of mercury are of comparable magnitude.

Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second International Symposium

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Conservation Ecology ◽  
Columnaris Disease

<em>Abstract</em>.—U.S. Game and Fish agencies and farm-pond owners throughout the United States use commercially produced channel catfish <em>Ictalurus punctatus </em>fingerlings transported from the southern United States for supplemental stocking. We conducted six trials to examine whether pathogen load, body condition, and select environmental factors influence fingerling survival following transport and cage stocking. Fingerlings were sampled prior to stocking and weekly for the following 3 weeks. Weights and lengths were measured, and a relative condition index was used to quantify body condition. Skin scrapings and gill clippings were examined microscopically for pathogens, and posterior kidney was assayed for <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>. Mortality was either less than 10% (four trials) or catastrophic (two trials). A Columnaris disease epizootic was associated with ~50% mortality in one trial, and a red sore disease epizootic was associated with ~80% mortality in another. Body condition or other pathogens, present initially or acquired in study ponds, were not associated with high mortality. The first week appears to be critical for the survival of channel catfish fingerlings following transport.

scholarly journals Mercury and methylmercury content in chub from the Svitava and Svratka Rivers at agglomeration Brno

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 470-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kružíková ◽  
J. Blahová ◽  
R. Kenšová ◽  
J. Jurčíková ◽  
D. Hypr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Hazard Indices ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fish Contamination

The aim of our study was to determine the total mercury and methylmercury contents in the muscle of indicator fish, to determine the total mercury contents in the sediment, and to evaluate the health risks associated with fish contamination. Chub (<i>Leuciscus cephalus</i> L.) were caught in seven localities on the Svratka and Svitava Rivers in the Brno agglomeration in 2007. The total mercury content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry using an AMA 245 analyser. Methylmercury levels were determined by gas chromatography (using electron-capture detector) after acid digestion and extraction with toluene. The highest levels of total mercury and methylmercury contamination in the fish muscle (0.18 ± 0.09 mg/kg and 0.16 ± 0.09 mg/kg, respectively) were found at the Rajhradice site (the Svratka River, under the Brno city), whereas the lowest contents of mercury and methylmercury (0.08 ± 0.02 mg/kg and 0.04 ± 0.03 mg/kg) were detected at the Modřice site (the Svratka River). Total mercury content in the sediment ranged from 0.06 mg/kg to 1.38 mg/kg, the higher value having been detected in the sediment from the Svratka River at the Rajhradice site above the confluence with the Svitava River. The lowest content was discovered at Kníničky (the Svatka River). The hazard indices calculated for the selected localities showed no health risk to the common consumer or to the fishermen and their families.

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