Shinmuyong (ca. 1926)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okju Son
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Dance ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Decisive Influence ◽  
Composite Form ◽  
Modern Dancers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Korean Dance

Shinmuyong means literally "New Dance" in Korean, but today it is categorized as creative Korean dance. In the early 20th century, Ausdruckstanz (Expressionist Dance) from Germany had a decisive influence on Japanese modern dancers. This kind of dance was introduced to Korea in 1926 when Japanese dance innovator Ishii Baku (1886–1962) presented his work for the first time in Korea under the title of Shinmuyong, which was a translation of the German phrase Neuer Tanz. However, the meaning of the Shinmuyong changed radically in the 1930s and 1940s. After Ishii’s performance in Korea, several young Korean intellectuals decided to learn Western modern dance from Ishii in Japan. Although they learned modern dance especially based on German Ausdruckstanz, they choreographed their own dances with elements of traditional Korean dance in the 1930s. Furthermore, after a world tour in the late 1930s, the Shinmuyong dancers actively turned to creating a hybrid Asian dance form in the 1940s, so that Shinmuyong became a composite form. Choi Seung-hee (1911–1969) and Cho Taek-won (1907–1976), amongst others, are considered important representatives of Shinmuyong.

No Silver Medal for Nobel Prize Contenders

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Hansson ◽  
Heiner Fangerau ◽  
Annette Tuffs ◽  
Igor J. Polianski
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Nobel Committee ◽  
History Of ◽  
Silver Medal ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
First Time ◽  
Carl Koller

Abstract Taking the examples of the pioneers Carl Ludwig Schleich, Carl Koller, and Heinrich Braun, this article provides a first exploratory account of the history of anesthesiology and the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine. Besides the files collected at the Nobel Archive in Sweden, which are presented here for the first time, this article is based on medical literature of the early 20th century. Using Nobel Prize nominations and Nobel committee reports as points of departure, the authors discuss why no anesthesia pioneer has received this coveted trophy. These documents offer a new perspective to explore and to better understand aspects of the history of anesthesiology in the first half of the 20th century.

scholarly journals THE PROJECT OF ARCHEOLOGICAL MUSEUM AT THE ALL-RUSSIAN MUSEUM CONFERENCE OF 1919

2021 ◽  
pp. 437-443
Author(s):  
В. Г. Ананьев ◽  
М. Д. Бухарин
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Special Report ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Archeological Museum ◽  
First Time

В начале ХХ в. в России активно обсуждался вопрос создания специализированного археологического музея. Этой проблеме был посвящен ряд выступлений на профессиональных форумах музейных работников. Обсуждалась она и на Первой Всероссийской конференции по делам музеев в Петрограде в феврале 1919 г. Со специальным докладом на эту тему выступил авторитетный археолог А. А. Миллер, имевший опыт музейной работы и активно проявивший себя в революционную эпоху как организатор музейного дела. В обсуждении доклада приняли участие такие видные ученые, как С. А. Жебелёв, Н. Я. Марр и др. В данном сообщении авторы впервые анализируют материалы стенограммы этого обсуждения и помещают его в контекст развития отечественной археологической/музейной мысли начала ХХ в. In the early 20thcentury the creation of a specialized archaeological museum was actively discussed in Russia. A number of communications in professional forums of museum workers were devoted to this problem. It was also discussed at the First AllRussian Museums' Conference in Petrograd in February 1919. A special report on this subject was held by archeologist A. A. Miller, who had experience of museum work and showed himself in the revolutionary era as an organizer of museum activity. Prominent scholars such as S. A. Zhebelyov, N. Ya. Marr and others took part in the discussion of his report. In this article the authors analyze the materials of the transcript of this discussion for the first time and place it in the context of the development of Russian archaeological/ museum thought of the early 20th century.

scholarly journals Postmodern Tendencies in the Russian Poetry of the “Silver Age”

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-140
Author(s):  
Ihor Chornyi ◽  
Viktoriia Pertseva ◽  
Viktoriia Chorna ◽  
Olena Horlova ◽  
Oleksandra Shtepenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Evolutionary Features ◽  
Russian Poetry ◽  
And Performance ◽  
First Time

For the first time, the article analyses certain aspects of Russian poetry of the “Silver Age” in order to identify the rudiments or features which are characteristic of the postmodern creative paradigm. It is noted that a number of poets almost do not have any postmodernist tendencies. Despite the fact it is proved that postmodernism denies the personality-centric and aesthetically oriented concept of modernism, it nevertheless arose on the basis of modernism and has sharpened evolutionary features formulated in the first half of the 20th century. The article aims to prove a hypothesis that arises in the authors during a preliminary perceptual reading of the poets` works of the “Silver Age”: in the early 20th century. Sporadically and consistently in individual authors can be observed irony, play, reconstruction and performance as precursor of postmodernist creative thinking. Specialties of the Russian poetry of the “Silver Age”, which directly correlate with postmodernist tendencies of the second half of the 20th century is not a description itself, but the realization of reality, ambivalence, as well as following the linguistic and figurative, conceptual, motive levels of gradual transitions between the paradigms of “symbolism – modernism” and “modernism – postmodernism”. The international significance of the article is that the material of one of the Eastern European literatures has proved the existence of postmodern (quasi-postmodern) features in the first half of the 20th century for the first time, which can serve as a deeper research in the field of literary typology, continuity; culturology and anthropology.

scholarly journals Kalendarze z kolekcji Ignacego Wolskiego w zbiorach Muzeum Narodowego w Krakowie

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 223-255
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Lubera
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The Past ◽  
First Time

A small but valuable collection of calendars was donated to the National Museum in Krakow in 1896, 1898 and 1906 by Ignacy Wolski, a Warsaw bibliophile. In the article an overview of these publications is given for the first time. The donation consists of calendars diverse in form and content, published from the end of the 18th century to the early 20th century. Only ten of them were found during the research in the Museum. Most of the preserved calendars was marked with characteristic provenance stamps or stickers;a part of them has some historical notes written by Wolski. They are a great testimony of the past. Wolski’s motifs and idea behind collecting calendars and leaving these publications for future generations in the Museum were also presented in the article.

scholarly journals Avantgarde Suomessa

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Women Artists ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
First Time

Avant-garde in Finland is the first book to provide an overarching introduction to avant-garde art by Finnish artists. The articles in the book discuss the application and development of the cultural ideas of the avant-garde in Finnish art from the early 20th century till the present day. The book focusses on the social, political, and artistic characteristics of avant-garde art and their manifestation in Finnish avant-garde literature, visual arts, architecture, fashion, and music. The book shows the remarkable role of women artists in the development of the Finnish avant-garde. Many artists and groups are presented in the book for the first time. At the same time, the articles highlight connections between well-known Finnish artists and international avant-garde movements that have not been recognized in earlier research. A key theme of the book is the tension between the internationality of avant-garde and the nationalist elements of Finnish culture. The book is peer-reviewed, and its authors are eminent senior scholars and younger researchers.

Genesis and characteristics of the Christian worldwide (based on the publications of the «Nyva» journal (Lviv, 1904—1939s) and in the works of theologists of the late 19th ― early 20th cc.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-145
Author(s):  
Roman Blikharskyi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Wilhelm Dilthey ◽  
Religious Worldview ◽  
Christian Worldview ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Means ◽  
First Time

The Ukrainian religious Christian press, since its inception, was an important means of disseminating information necessary for the life of the Church. Besides the issues of purely Christian doctrine, the authors of religious journals outlined and criticized the ideological tendencies among the representatives of the Ukrainian secular intelligentsia. Their scientific, artistic, social and political activities greatly influenced the then social realities, and partially determined a political future of Ukraine. In the early 20th century, on the pages of the Ukrainian Galician religious periodicals, namely the «Nyva» journal (Lviv, 1904—1939s), there were published a series of articles dealing with the Christian worldview. We have elucidated the reasons why in the late 19th century—the early 20th century for the first time there emerged a necessity to discuss the Christian worldview, contrary to other non-religious worldview models of the modernity. The history of the worldview concept and variation of approaches to its meaning clarifying, the theory of the process of formation of the mindset as well as ways of classification of its different forms, specifically religious worldview, in the philosophical works of Karl Jaspers, Max Scheler and Wilhelm Dilthey, have been researched. As for the Christian-based worldview, we have determined the approaches to the systematization and unification of the ideological principles of the Christians. Those were studied in the writings of thinkers of different Christian denominations, namely Protestantism (James Orr, Abraham Kuyper), Orthodoxy (Mikhail Tareiev), and Catholicism (specifically, the authors of the «Nyva» journal). Keywords: worldview, Christianity, Christian worldview, religion, philosophy, religious periodicals, «Nyva» journal.

scholarly journals SOME HISTORICAL ASPECTS FORMATION OF MODERN CHOREOGRAPHY

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
T. Vilhovchenko
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Modern Dance ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
New Era ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Spiritual State

The article traces the historical stages of the emergence and development of modern choreography, its main directions, the influence of outstanding choreographers on the development of the plastic language of modern dance. It is noted that modern dance and its many and varied styles, types, forms arouse interest and the most controversial reactions from both the viewer and the critic. The concept of "modern choreography" was used and was relevant at every stage of the historical development of dance. In this or that historical period, dance was considered innovative and in line with the spirit of its time. Particular attention is paid to modern dance in the article. It incorporated both the aesthetic principles of the early 20th century and the further transformation of the modern dance of the second half of the 20th - early 21st centuries. The work also explores the emergence of the theory of movement, which appeared at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries. However, despite the absence of a system of choreographic structure, tools for its analysis have already been proposed. This dance did not have a specific form and was aimed at conveying a person's spiritual state. In parallel with the birth of modern dance, new views on its perspectives were framed. The innovators sought to minimize the importance of costume, music, and decoration while maximizing lexical material and depth of thought, which rejected any canons of dance composition. It marked the beginning of a new era - the postmodern era, in which modern choreography evolves, moves in search of new forms and means of expression, changes, creating a new vocabulary, artistic symbols, and understandable signs.

scholarly journals The First Convention of Tobolsk Governorate’s Country Doctors (1911)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2 (26)) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ia. Templing
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Academic Context ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
First Time

The events and activities of the convention of Tobolsk Governorate’s country doctors are reconstructed for the first time in historiography. The convention took place in January-February 1911 and was the first professional medical forum in Siberia. The convention is considered to be an important indicator for the development of non-governmental initiative. Taking into account archival records and published documents that are being introduced into the academic context for the first time, we reveal the background of the convention, describe the materials, the agenda, basic resolutions and results of the sessions. The doctors’ convention highlights the development of corporate self-management of the regional medical community. In the early 20th century the latter grew mature enough to formulate collective interests, to adjust governmental activities in the health care to the local specifics.

scholarly journals The military apartment fee in Belarus (second half of the 19th – early 20th century)

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-70
Author(s):  
Aliaksandr B. Arlukevich
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Public Utilities ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time

The article reveals the influence of the military housing tax on the socio-economic development of municipal centers and the processes of urbanisation in Belarus in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. On the basis of a wide range of sources, it is proved that during the period under review, the amount of funds collected by the population in cities and towns with the active mediation of local self-government institutions for the rental of army headquarters, infirmaries, warehouses, officers’ apartments, rent and construction of soldiers’ barracks was comparable to the total income of magistrates and thus deprived them of the necessary reserve for saving and developing public utilities and infrastructure. On this basis, the collection of apartment money can be considered one of the key economic factors that determined the specifics of the development of the Belarusian city during the modernisation period. Until now the collection of funds in the framework of post-conscription in the territory of the Belarusian provinces has not become the subject of special research. Most of the facts presented in the work are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

The Traditional and the Innovative in the Dramaturgy and Composition of Béla Bartók’s Ballets

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-637
Author(s):  
Anna P. Navetnaya
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Dance ◽  
Bela Bartok ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Musical Structure ◽  
New Type ◽  
Classical Ballet ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Classical Subject ◽  
New Generation

This article investigates the development of the 20th century ballet genre on the example of the Hungarian composer Béla Bartók (1881—1945). The study aims to reveal the features of B. Bartók’s ballets in the context of trends in Western European art of the 20th century and to show the composer’s innovative techniques. The article identifies specific musical formative means that reflect the genre definition of “pantomime”, and emphasizes his innovation. The early 20th century ballet art is an extremely bright phenomenon associated with the active search for new ways of developing the genre, which took place at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Classical ballet, which had reached its peak in the works of the Russian ballet school and the works of M. Petipa, was suddenly recognized as outdated and unviable. The new generation of choreographers sought to refute, to a certain extent, the genre’s old laws. The idea of searching for new means of expression became the leading one, and the canon of classical choreography was replaced by pantomime and a new unusual dance technique, which later became known as modern dance. B. Bartók’s ballets “The Wooden Prince” (1917) and “The Miraculous Mandarin” (1919) are examples of the new type of ballet performance of the early 20th century. The article shows that the composer focused on creating a symphonic score corresponding to the ideas of pantomime. His appeal to this had been primarily dictated by the librettos themselves, in which B. Balázs and M. Lengyel had defined the work character in this way. Naturally, the rejection of classical ballet’s traditional forms influenced the works’ compositional features. The article demonstrates that the scores of “The Wooden Prince” and “The Miraculous Mandarin” are distinguished by a new approach to the musical structure, in which the principles of instrumental forms play a significant role. At the same time, each of the ballets expresses the dialectical pair of “canon and heuristic” in its own way: “The Wooden Prince” retains to a certain extent the flair of classical ballet; in “The Miraculous Mandarin”, this genre pattern is violated almost ostentatiously. In this work, B. Bartók’s appeal to such an anti-classical subject reflects the era’s new trends associated with the artistic movement of expressionism. In the Hungarian composer’s ballets, the dualism of the traditional and the innovative gives rise to a different type of ballet score itself.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document