Annex 16, vol. II (Environmental Protection: Aircraft Engine Emissions) to the 1944 Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation

2018 ◽  
pp. 66-67
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Chicago Convention ◽  
Engine Emissions

Estimation on LTO Cycle Emissions from Aircrafts at Civil Airports

2014 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Zhang ◽  
Hua Sheng Xu ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Shun Li Sun ◽  
Dong Bo Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Engine Emissions ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Fleet Composition ◽  
High Emission ◽  
Engine Emission

A calculation method on pollutant emission inventory is established based on the standard LTO cycle of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) by analyzing the factors influencing aircraft engine emissions at civil aviation airports. For a certain airport in China, the emissions of HC, CO, NOx and SO2per hour for a whole day from the aircraft engines are calculated, and the variations of various pollutant emissions with time are analyzed based on the air traffic data, the civil aviation fleet composition, the flight detailed take-off and landing information at the airport, and ICAO engine emission data bank. It’s found that the variations of the pollutant emissions with time are different, in which, the emissions of HC and CO are significantly influenced by the frequency of flight arrival at airport, however, the emission of NOx is influenced by the frequency of flight departure from airport greatly, and the emission of SO2is influenced by the total frequency of flight arrival at and departure from airport comprehensively. For solving the problem of local high-emission time, some solutions are suggested, such as equipping aircrafts with low-emission engines or optimizing the flight schedule.

Prediction of aircraft engine emissions using ADS-B flight data

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
A. Filippone ◽  
B. Parkes ◽  
N. Bojdo ◽  
T. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Engine Emissions ◽  
Flight Data ◽  
Seasonal Basis ◽  
Emissions Inventories ◽  
Aviation Emissions

ABSTRACT Real-time flight data from the Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast (ADS-B) has been integrated, through a data interface, with a flight performance computer program to predict aviation emissions at altitude. The ADS-B, along with data from Mode-S, are then used to ‘fly’ selected long-range aircraft models (Airbus A380-841, A330-343 and A350-900) and one turboprop (ATR72). Over 2,500 flight trajectories have been processed to demonstrate the integration between databases and software systems. Emissions are calculated for altitudes greater than 3,000 feet (609m) and exclude landing and take-off cycles. This proof of concept fills a gap in the aviation emissions inventories, since it uses real-time flights and produces estimates at a very granular level. It can be used to analyse emissions of gases such as carbon dioxide ( $\mathrm{CO}_2$ ), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides ( $\mathrm{NO}_x$ ) and water vapour on a specific route (city pair), for a specific aircraft, for an entire fleet, or on a seasonal basis. It is shown how $\mathrm{NO}_x$ and water vapour emissions concentrate around tropospheric altitudes only for long-range flights, and that the cruise range is the biggest discriminator in the absolute value of these and other exhaust emissions.

scholarly journals Emission Reduction of Fuel-Staged Aircraft Engine Combustor Using an Additional Premixed Fuel Nozzle

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Yamamoto ◽  
Kazuo Shimodaira ◽  
Seiji Yoshida ◽  
Yoji Kurosawa
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Technology Development Project ◽  
Fuel Nozzle ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is conducting research and development on aircraft engine technologies to reduce environmental impact for the Technology Development Project for Clean Engines (TechCLEAN). As a part of the project, combustion technologies have been developed with an aggressive target that is an 80% reduction over the NOx threshold of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP)/4 standard. A staged fuel nozzle with a pilot mixer and a main mixer was developed and tested using a single-sector combustor under the target engine's landing and takeoff (LTO) cycle conditions with a rated output of 40 kN and an overall pressure ratio of 25.8. The test results showed a 77% reduction over the CAEP/4 NOx standard. However, the reduction in smoke at thrust conditions higher than the 30% MTO condition and of CO emission at thrust conditions lower than the 85% MTO condition are necessary. In the present study, an additional fuel burner was designed and tested with the staged fuel nozzle in a single-sector combustor to control emissions. The test results show that the combustor enables an 82% reduction in NOx emissions relative to the ICAO CAEP/4 standard and a drastic reduction in smoke and CO emissions.

Passenger aircraft emissions analysis at Ordu-Giresun International Airport, Turkey in 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkay Orhan
Keyword(s):  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Aircraft Emissions ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Engine Emission ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to present the pollutant gas produced by hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and the quantity of fuel burned from commercial aircraft at Ordu-Giresun International Airport, Turkey during the landing and take-off (LTO) cycles in 2017. Design/methodology/approach The flight data recorded by the General Directorate of State Airports Authority and the aircraft engine emission data from International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Engine Exhaust Emission Databank were used for calculation. The aircraft and engine types used by the airlines for flight at Ordu-Giresun International Airport were determined. To evaluate the effect of taxi time on emission amounts, analysis and evaluations were made by taking different taxi times into consideration. Findings As a result of the emission analysis, the amount of fuel consumed by the aircraft were calculated as 6,551.52 t/y, and the emission amounts for CO, HC and NOx were estimated as 66.81, 4.20 and 79.97 t/y, respectively. Practical implications This study is aimed to reveal the effect and contribution of taxi time on the emitted emission at the airport during the LTO phase of the aircraft. Originality/value This study helps aviation authorities explain the importance of developing procedures that ensure the delivery of aircraft to flights in minimum time by raising awareness of the impact of taxi time on emitted emissions, and contributes to the determination of an aircraft emission inventory at Ordu-Giresun International Airport.

Modeling and Analysis of Anti-Icing Power of Aircraft Engine Inlet Based on Symmetric Algorithms

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 6361-6374
Author(s):  
Hui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Particle Swarm Algorithm ◽  
Intake Port ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Modeling And Analysis

To evaluate the capability of engine inlet, inlet components and power plant anti ICER under low temperature, this paper introduces the evaluation method of anti icing system for civil aviation engine room, and analyzes the anti icing power of the aircraft intake based on the symmetric algorithm. The realizable k-cube model and wall function method are used to analyze the flow field in the inlet of an aircraft engine. Based on the analysis of the flow field of the intake port of an aircraft engine, the anti ice power of the intake port is calculated according to the heat balance relationship of the intake port surface. The symmetrical particle swarm algorithm is adopted to optimize the calculation process of inlet anti-ice power, and the particle wide area learning strategy is used to promote the calculation of inlet anti-ice power. In this way, the computational complexity is significantly reduce and the accuracy of the power analysis of the inlet anti-ice is enhanced. The simulation results show that the absolute error of the proposed method is less than 1% in 1000 iterations. Through the analysis of the surface temperature changes of the inlet deflector under different experimental conditions, it can be known that the method can effectively analyze the anti-icing power of aircraft engine inlet.

scholarly journals Comparative Aspects Regarding The Regulation Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Fainisi ◽  
Victor Al. Fainisi
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Chicago Convention ◽  
The North ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Military ◽  
Legislative Measures

Abstract The technology of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) has constantly developed in the last decade, becoming a key feature of the military programs and operations in Europe and the US, and the industry market has considerably grown. The vast majority of this growth is at the US level, whose military budget is bigger than of any other state in the world. On the other hand, with respect to the civil market, the sale of these kinds of aircrafts is in its initial stages, even though there are lots of fields in which it can be applied. In general, the states have begun to take legislative measures so that the unmanned flight of such an aircraft in areas open to civil aircrafts is controlled, so that any danger to the civil aircrafts should be avoided. The countries of the European Union that have not legislated this field are subject to Regulation 216/2008/EC regarding common norms in the civil aviation field and the Chicago Convention. Furthermore, all EU states are NATO members and thus apply in principle the norms established by the North-Atlantic Organization.

Prediction of Rotor Burst Using Strain-Based Fracture Criteria to Comply With the Engine Airworthiness Regulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Li ◽  
Kaiming Wang ◽  
Chuncheng Zhang ◽  
Weiguo Wang ◽  
Guoguang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
True Stress ◽  
Average Stress ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fracture Criteria ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Physical Essence ◽  
Dimensional Growth

Abstract Relative to the rotor overspeed compliance governed by civil aviation airworthiness regulation, nowadays Area-Average Stress method is commonly used approach. However, in order to effectively apply the Area-Average Stress method in analyzing burst speed, large amount of testing data is needed to define an important element of this method: a correction factor. This prerequisite hinders the use of this method for many companies which have limited test data. Meanwhile, analysis of rotor burst speed based on Strain-based Fracture Criteria using true stress-strain curves and burst tests has been done on the LPT rotor, and a work procedure obtaining the most critical burst speed for certification is proposed. The analysis results, which had a good correlation with test results, showed that Strain-based Fracture Criteria can accurately predict the burst speed considering the most adverse combination of dimensional tolerances, temperature, and material properties, and rotor dimensional growth under the overspeed condition. Both are required by the aircraft engine airworthiness overspeed regulation. Compared to the Area-Average Stress method, Strain-based Fracture Criteria reflects the physical essence of the rotor burst more realistically and can be simply verified without requiring too much test data, therefore it has a good application prospect in the aircraft engine airworthiness.

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