scholarly journals Application of the Environmental Seismic Intensity scale (ESI 2007) and the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS-98) to the Kalamata (SW Peloponnese, Greece) earthquake (Ms=6.2, September 13, 1986) and correlation with neotectonic structures and active faults

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis G. Fountoulis ◽  
Spyridon D. Mavroulis
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Main Shock ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Seismic Intensity ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Earthquake Sequence ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Earthquake Scenario

On September 13, 1986, a shallow earthquake (Ms=6.2) struck the city of Kalamata and the surrounding areas (SW Peloponnese, Greece) resulting in 20 fatalities, over 300 injuries, extensive structural damage and many earthquake environmental effects (EEE). The main shock was followed by several aftershocks, the strongest of which occurred two days later (Ms=5.4). The EEE induced by the 1986 Kalamata earthquake sequence include ground subsidence, seismic faults, seismic fractures, rockfalls and hydrological anomalies. The maximum ESI 2007 intensity for the main shock has been evaluated as IX<sub>ESI 2007</sub>, strongly related to the active fault zones and the reactivated faults observed in the area as well as to the intense morphology of the activated Dimiova-Perivolakia graben, which is a 2nd order neotectonic structure located in the SE margin of the Kalamata-Kyparissia mega-graben and bounded by active fault zones. The major structural damage of the main shock was selective and limited to villages founded on the activated Dimiova-Perivolakia graben (IX<sub>EMS-98</sub>) and to the Kalamata city (IX<sub>EMS-98</sub>) and its eastern suburbs (IX<sub>EMS-98</sub>) located at the crossing of the prolongation of two major active fault zones of the affected area. On the contrary, damage of this size was not observed in the surrounding neotectonic structures, which were not activated during this earthquake sequence. It is concluded that both intensity scales fit in with the neotectonic regime of the area. The ESI 2007 scale complemented the EMS-98 seismic intensities and provided a completed picture of the strength and the effects of the September 13, 1986, Kalamata earthquake on the natural and the manmade environment. Moreover, it contributed to a better picture of the earthquake scenario and represents a useful and reliable tool for seismic hazard assessment.

scholarly journals Measurements of tectonic micro-displacements within the Idrija fault zone in the Učja valley (W Slovenia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Gosar
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Slip Rate ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Vertical Displacements ◽  
Recent Activity ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Horizontal Displacements

A recent slip-rate of an active fault is a very important seismotectonic parameter, but not easy to determine. Idrija fault, 120 km long, is a prominent geomorphologic feature with large seismogenic potential, still needed to be researched. Measurements of tectonic micro-displacements can provide insight into its recent activity. The Učja valley extends transversally to the Idrija fault and was therefore selected for the installation of TM 71 extensometer. Measurements on the crack within its inner fault zone are conducted from the year 2004. In 14 years of observations a systematic horizontal displacements with average rate of 0.21 mm/year and subordinate vertical displacements of 0.06 mm/year were established, proving the activity of this fault. An overview of methods of displacement measurements related to active faults and of newer interdisciplinary investigations of the Idrija fault is given. Displacement rates are beside for geodynamic interpretations important for improvement of seismotectonic models and thus for better seismic hazard assessment.

scholarly journals Features of the manifestation of lunar-solar tides in the electromagnetic parameters of the active fault zones of the Tien Shan

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Elena Bataleva
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Electromagnetic Parameters ◽  
Fault Structures

The results of monitoring studies of the electromagnetic parameters of active fault structures on the territory of the Bishkek geodynamic proving ground are shown. The temporal variations of the electromagnetic field on several active faults of the Earth’s crust, characterized by different tectonic activity, are analyzed in comparison with the variations of lunar-solar tides. It was found that in the overwhelming majority of cases, the correlation dependences are most clearly manifested in changes in the real and imaginary parts of additional impedances than the main ones. Analysis of the cross-correlation function indicates that the reason for the change in the parameters of the electromagnetic field can be lunar-solar tides.

scholarly journals Rn and CO<sub>2</sub> geochemistry of soil gas across the active fault zones in the capital area of China

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2803-2815 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Han ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
J. Du ◽  
X. Zhou ◽  
C. Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Fault ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Soil Gas ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variations ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Gas Sampling ◽  
Soil Gas Sampling

Abstract. The present work is proposed to investigate the spatiotemporal variations in soil gas Rn and CO2 across the active faults in the capital area of China in order to understand fault activities and assess seismic hazard. A total of 342 soil gas sampling sites were measured twice in 2011 and 2012 along seven profiles and across four faults. The results of soil gas surveys show that, in each profile, due to the variation in gas emission rate, the concentrations of Rn and CO2 changed in the vicinity of faults. Spatial distributions of Rn and CO2 in the study areas were different from each other, which was attributed to soil types affecting the existence of Rn and CO2. Compared with the measurement result of 2011, the increasing amplitude of average concentration value of Rn and CO2 in profiles in 2012 ranged from 30.2 to 123.4% and 66.3 to 131.7%, respectively, which were coincident with the enhancement of seismic activities in the capital area of China. Our results indicate that special attention with regard to seismic monitoring should be paid to the Xinbaoan–Shacheng Fault and the northeastern segment of the Tangshan Fault in the future.

scholarly journals Active faults of the Kerch’s Peninsula: new results

2019 ◽  
Vol 488 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-412
Author(s):  
А. N. Ovsyuchenko ◽  
R. N. Vakarchuk ◽  
A. M. Korzhenkov ◽  
A. S. Larkov ◽  
А. I. Sysolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Strong Earthquake ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Earthquake Sources ◽  
Kerch Peninsula ◽  
Seismotectonic Model

In the paper there are results of a recent study of the active faults in the Kerch Peninsula. There was compiled a Map of Active Faults - sources of the strong earthquakes occurred in Late Holocene. The map is a regional seismotectonic model of strong earthquake sources - detailed basis for a spatial prognosis of the seismic hazard. Results of the study show that the Kerch Peninsula demonstrates signs of the classical morphostructures, and a morphology of the modern peninsula contours is caused by the large active fault zones.

scholarly journals THE ATALANTI ACTIVE FAULT: RE-EVALUATION USING NEW GEOLOGICAL DATA

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Σ. B. Παυλίδης ◽  
Σ. Βαλκανιώτης ◽  
A. Γκανάς ◽  
Δ. Κεραμυδάς ◽  
Σ. Σμπόρας
Keyword(s):  
Active Fault ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Earthquake Magnitude ◽  
Earthquake Sequence ◽  
Historical Earthquake ◽  
Geological Data ◽  
Maximum Earthquake Magnitude ◽  
Surface Ruptures ◽  
Fault Trace ◽  
Maximum Earthquake

The Northern Gulf of Evoia is a region with an intense neotectonic activity, dominated by characteristic and impressive active faults. The only fault in the region which is connected with a strong historical earthquake, is the Atalanti fault, with the well-known earthquake sequence of 1894. For an accurate mapping of the fault trace, the 1894 surface ruptures investigation and the estimation of the area's seismic hazard, there has been made a detailed geological - neotectonic investigation of the Atalanti city area. The results of this investigation show that the Atalanti fault comprises a 20- 30km long fault zone, divided in at least 4 segments: Atalanti, Kiparissi-Almyra, Tragana-Proskyna, Martino and possibly Larymna segment. The maximum earthquake magnitude is estimated in Msmax=6.8, and the recurrence interval, concerning the same magnitude, for Atalanti fault is larger than 1000 years, possibly even more than 2000 years. Paleoseismological trenching in Agios Konstantinos area excludes the connection of this fault with the earthquake sequence of 1894.

scholarly journals Neotectonic analysis, active stress field and active faults seismic hazard assessment in Western Crete

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 582 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mountrakis ◽  
A. Kilias ◽  
A. Pavlaki ◽  
C. Fassoulas ◽  
E. Thomaidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Field ◽  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Extension Phase ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Normal Faults

Within the framework of this study the complicated fault system of Western Crete was napped in detail and its kinematic and dynamic setting was analysed in order to distinguish 13 major active and possible active fault zones, the seismic potential of which was assessed. Moreover, kinematic data and striations were used to estimate the corresponding stress field geometry. Two stress phases were recognized: 1st the N-S extension phase (D1) in Mid-Upper Miocene to Lower Pliocene times forming E-W normal faults that bound the Neogene basins; 2nd the E-W extension phase (D2) in Late Pliocene-recent times forming N-S trending active normal faults. Smaller, mainly NE-SW trending faults, with significant strike-slip component, indicate a kinematic compatibility to the D2 phase, acting as transfer faults between larger N-S fault zones. The faults were incorporated in a detailed seismic hazard analysis together with the available seismological data, involving both probabilistic and deterministic approaches, for seismic hazard assessment of several selected sites (municipalities).

CRUSTAL DEFORMATION STUDIES IN JAVA (INDONESIA) USING GPS

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
HASANUDDIN Z. ABIDIN ◽  
HERI ANDREAS ◽  
TERUYUKI KATO ◽  
TAKEO ITO ◽  
IRWAN MEILANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Faults ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
First Year ◽  
Horizontal Deformation ◽  
West Java ◽  
Plate Movement ◽  
Tsunami Earthquake ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Seismic Deformation ◽  
Large Earthquakes

Along the Java trench the Australian–Oceanic plate is moving and pushing onto and subducting beneath the Java continental crust at a relative motion of about 70 mm/yr in NNE direction. This subduction-zone process imposed tectonic stresses on the fore-arc region offshore and on the land of Java, thus causing the formation of earthquake fault zones to accommodate the plate movement. Historically, several large earthquakes happened in Java, including West Java. This research use GPS surveys method to study the inter-seismic deformation of three active faults in West Java region (i.e. Cimandiri, Lembang and Baribis faults), and the co-seismic and post-seismic deformation related to the May 2006 Yogyakarta and the July 2006 South Java earthquakes. Based on GPS surveys results it was found that the area around Cimandiri, Lembang and Baribis fault zones have the horizontal displacements of about 1 to 2 cm/yr or less. Further research is however still needed to extract the real inter-seismic deformation of the faults from those GPS-derived displacements. GPS surveys have also estimated that the May 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake was caused by the sinistral movement of the (Opak) fault with horizontal co-seismic deformation that generally was less than 10 cm. The post-seismic horizontal deformation of the July 2006 South Java tsunami earthquake has also been estimated using GPS surveys data. In the first year after the earthquake (2006 to 2007), the post-seismic deformation is generally less than 5 cm; and it becomes generally less than 3 cm in the second year (2007 to 2008).

scholarly journals Active Fault Systems in the Inner Northwest Apennines, Italy: A Reappraisal One Century after the 1920 Mw ~6.5 Fivizzano Earthquake

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Molli ◽  
Isabelle Manighetti ◽  
Rick Bennett ◽  
Jacques Malavieille ◽  
Enrico Serpelloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Dense Network ◽  
Earthquake Fault ◽  
Slip Rates ◽  
Fault Systems ◽  
Seismological Data ◽  
Seismogenic Faults

Based on the review of the available stratigraphic, tectonic, morphological, geodetic, and seismological data, along with new structural observations, we present a reappraisal of the potential seismogenic faults and fault systems in the inner northwest Apennines, Italy, which was the site, one century ago, of the devastating Mw ~6.5, 1920 Fivizzano earthquake. Our updated fault catalog provides the fault locations, as well as the description of their architecture, large-scale segmentation, cumulative displacements, evidence for recent to present activity, and long-term slip rates. Our work documents that a dense network of active faults, and thus potential earthquake fault sources, exists in the region. We discuss the seismogenic potential of these faults, and propose a general tectonic scenario that might account for their development.

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