scholarly journals Aktywność zawodowa kobiet na obszarach migracyjnych województwa opolskiego

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1 (179)) ◽  
pp. 205-223
Author(s):  
Marta Rostropowicz-Miśko
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
Unlimited Access ◽  
Care Of Elderly ◽  
High Level

Women’s economic activity in the migration areas of the Opole Voivodeship One of the factors that has impacted on people’s economic activity is the migration process. Opole province, as a region with a long migration tradition, is characterized by low economic activity of women. In areas which have a high rate of male emigration, the unemployment of women has been extremely high. One of the reasons is a small share of unemployed men in the generally high rate of unemployment in these places. On the other hand the high level of unemployed women is caused by the deliberate maintenance of this status which has guaranteed, amongst other things, unlimited access to medical services. An increase in the migration of women for commercial purposes at the beginning of the 21st century has been a response to the demand for women in the workforce in the care sector like taking care of elderly people. This has been the reason for the change in women’s economic activity. The purpose of the article is to show the economic activity of women living in migratory areas of the Opole province who take up temporary and permanent employment in European countries, especially in Germany and the Netherlands. Streszczenie Jednym z czynników wpływających na aktywność zawodową ludności są procesy migracyjne. Województwo opolskie jako region o długich tradycjach migracyjnych od lat charakteryzował się niską aktywnością zawodową kobiet. Na obszarach objętych intensywnymi migracjami zarobkowymi mężczyzn, bezrobocie kobiet było bardzo wysokie. Wynikało ono z jednej strony z niskiego udziału mężczyzn wśród ogółu bezrobotnych, a z drugiej – z celowego utrzymywania statusu osoby bezrobotnej przez kobiety, który gwarantował m.in. dostęp do świadczeń zdrowotnych. Wzmożone wyjazdy w celach zarobkowych kobiet na początku XXI w. były odpowiedzią na wzrost zapotrzebowania na kobiecą siłę roboczą w tzw. sektorze usług rodzinnych, a tym samym nastąpiła zmiana ich aktywności zawodowej. Celem artykułu jest przestawienie charakteru aktywności zawodowej kobiet, mieszkających na obszarach migracyjnych województwa opolskiego, które podejmują zatrudnienie stałe i okresowe w krajach europejskich − głównie w Niemczech i Holandii.

scholarly journals Contextualizing the Dutch drop in political trust: connecting underlying factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Hendriks
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
The Other ◽  
Risk Society ◽  
Consensus Democracy ◽  
Emotional Culture ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
National Governments

How can it be that a country — one that was envied until the very end of the twentieth century for its enduring high level of trust in the political system — could have suffered so much damage in just a few years at the beginning of the new century when it comes to reported rates of trust in political institutions? This article maps the loss of political trust in the Netherlands and sets out to explain the developments that the statistics describe. A thought-provoking article that Bovens and Wille published in this journal names a number of temporary factors (fluctuations in the national economy and incumbent national governments) to explain the Dutch drop. This article points to the influence of more structural, systematic factors or underlying ‘currents’ that are concealed behind the factors that Bovens and Wille address: the persistence of consensus democracy on the one hand and the surge of the emotional culture and the risk society on the other. The accumulation and interaction of these three currents form the basis for the explication of the declining levels of trust in politics. Points for practitioners This article maps the loss of political trust in the Netherlands at the beginning of the new millennieum, and sets out to explain this phenomenon. The analysis points to the influence of more structural and systematic factors — the persistence of consensus democracy on the one hand and the surge of the emotional culture and the risk society on the other — concealed behind the more temporal and transitory factors that Bovens and Wille have highlighted in an earlier issue of this journal. Restoring trust is contingent on the accumulation and interaction of these three currents.

scholarly journals Lack of influence of low temperature, light and growth substances on phytochrome resynthesis in coleoptiles of irradiated oat seedlings

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Jan Kopcewicz ◽  
Mariusz Cymerski ◽  
Kazimierz Madela
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Elongation Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Growth Substances ◽  
Etiolated Seedlings ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

The photoconversion of phytochrome P<sub>R</sub> into the P<sub>FR</sub> form causes at the same time the destruction of the initial large fraction of phytochrome found in the coleoptiles of etiolated oat seedlings. Factors such as low temperature, light of different wavelengths or growth substances are not capable of preventing the progressive destruction and restore the synthesis of phytochrome. Thus an abnormally high level of phytochrome is found only in etiolated seedlings. Such seedlings, on the other hand, are characterized by a very high rate of elongation growth. The role of phytochrome in the control of deetiolation of seedlings is discussed.

Ethics in the Judiciary System of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
Mehedi Imam
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Judicial Independence ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
The Other ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Ethical Knowledge ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Independent Judiciary ◽  
Role Players ◽  
High Level

In Bangladesh, demand for judicial independence in practice has been a much debated issue and the demand is fulfilled but expectation of people is not only limited to have an independent judiciary but to have an impartial system and cadre of people, which will administer justice rationally being free from fear or force. The independence of judiciary and the impartial judicial practice are related concepts, one cannot sustain without the other and here existence as well as the need of practicing impartiality is well recognized. But the art of practicing impartiality does not develop overnight as it’s related to development of one’s attitude. It takes a considerable time resulting from understanding, appreciating and acknowledging the moral values, ethics and professional responsibility. The judiciary includes Judges, Advocates mostly who are expected to demonstrate a high level of moral values and impartiality towards people seeking justice and ‘rule of law’. This is true that bench officers and clerks are also part of the process to ensure rule of law with same level of participation by the law enforcing agencies such as police. However the paper includes only those who either join judiciary as Judge/Magistrate or Advocate to explore level and extent of ethical knowledge they receive being key role players of the system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v1i2.9628 Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2010; 1(2): 34-36

Kecakapan Hidup Abad Ke-21 dalam Tokoh Utama Dongeng Jawa Timur Kajian Antropologi Sastra

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Rian Damariswara
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Good Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Creativity And Innovation

ABSTRAKTokoh utama dalam dongeng Jawa Timur memiliki sisi lain yang perlu diungkap. Sisi lain tersebut, yakni kecakapan hidup yang dimiliki tokoh utama dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapinya. Kecakapan hidup tersebut, memiliki relevansi dengan kecakapan hidup di abad ke-21. Jadi, dengan menganalisis kecakapan hidup tokoh utama secara otomatis peneliti dan pembaca dapat mengetahui bahwa tokoh-tokoh dongeng yang terdapat di Jawa Timur memiliki budaya hidup yang baik untuk dijadikan contoh dan motivasi.Untuk mengungkap kecakapan hidup abad ke-21 pada tokoh utama dongeng Jawa Timur menggunakan kajian antropologi sastra.Penelitian ini termasuk deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data adalah teks dongeng Jawa Timur. Teknik yang digunakan adalah studi dokumenter. Kecakapan hidup abad ke-21 yang ditemukan pada dongeng Jawa Timur sebagai berikut. Pertama, berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah. Semua tokoh utama dalam dongeng memiliki pemikiran kritis sehingga dapat memecahkan masalah. Kedua, kreativitas dan inovasi yang ditemukan yakni jenis pengembangan dan sintesis. Inovasi pengembangan yang ditemukan adalah adanya alat bajak sawah dari batu menjadi kayu dan ditarik sapi serta dapat dipergunakan sebagai sarana hiburan. Alat tersebut diberi nama karapan sapi.  Inovasi sintesis adalah menggabungkan segala sesuatu yang dimiliki untuk dijadikan sesuatu yang baru. Seperti pada dongeng Asal Mula Reog Ponorogo,yakni menggabungkan kepala tokoh Singabarong dengan burung merak sehingga dinamakan reog ponorogo. Ketiga, kolaborasi antaranggota dan pemimpin dengan bawahan. Keempat, komunikasi yakni berupa diskusi, pengarahan, berkeluh kesah, dan perintah.Kata kunci: Kecakapan hidup abad ke-21, Tokoh utama, DongengABSTRACTThe main character in the East Java fable has another side that needs to be revealed. The other side, namely the life skills possessed by the main character in solving the problems they face. Life skills, have relevance to 21st century life skills. Therefore, by analyzing the life skills of the main characters automatically the researcher and reader can find out that the fairy tale figures in East Java which have a good life culture to be used as an example and motivation. To uncover 21st century life skills in the main characters of the East Javanese fable, the study of literary anthropology is used. This research is descriptive qualitative. The data source is the text of a fairy tale in East Java. The technique used is documentary study. The 21st century life skills found in the East Java fable are as follows. First, critical thinking and problem solving. All the main characters in fairy tales have critical thinking so they can solve problems. Second, the creativity and innovation found are types of development and synthesis. Development innovation that was found was the existence of a rice plow from stone to wood and pulled by cows and could be used as a means of entertainment. The tool is named Karapan Sapi. Synthesis of innovation is to combine everything that is owned to be something new. As in the fable of Reog Ponorogo, which combines the head of the Singabarong character with a peacock so it is called Reog Ponorogo. Third, collaboration between members and leaders with subordinates. Fourth, communication in the form of discussion, direction, complaints, and orders.Keyword: 21st century life skills, The main character, Fairy tale

The Political Impact of Affective Polarization: How Partisan Animus Shapes COVID-19 Attitudes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Druckman ◽  
Samara Klar ◽  
Yanna Krupnikov ◽  
Matthew Levendusky ◽  
John B. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
American Politics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Citizens Attitudes

Affective polarization is a defining feature of 21st century American politics—partisans harbor considerable dislike and distrust of those from the other party. Does this animus have consequences for citizens’ opinions? Such effects would highlight not only the consequences of polarization, but also shed new light onto how citizens form preferences more generally. Normally, this question is intractable, but the outbreak of the novel coronavirus allows us to answer it. We find that affective polarization powerfully shapes citizens’ attitudes about the pandemic, as well as the actions they have taken in response to it. However, these effects are conditional on the local severity of the outbreak, as the effects decline in areas with high caseloads—threat vitiates partisan reasoning. Our results clarify that closing the divide on important issues requires not just policy discourse but also attempts to reduce inter-partisan hostility.

Management of the Dutch Waddensea

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Vreugdenhil
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
Shallow Sea ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Late Middle Ages

It was not until the late Middle Ages that the sea penetrated far into the interior of The Netherlands, thus flooding three quarters of a million hectares of land. Since then half a million hectares have been reclaimed from the sea. The Dutch Government chose to preserve the remaining quarter of a million hectares of shallow sea with mudflats of the Waddensea as a nature reserve. The management objectives are at one hand to preserve all characteristic habitats and species with a minimal interference by human activities in geomorphological and hydrological processes, and at the other hand to guarantee the safety against the sea of the inhabitants of the adjacent mainland and islands and to facilitate certain economic and recreational uses of the Waddensea without jeopardizing the natural qualities. These objectives are being elaborated in managementplans.

Experiments on high rate effluent filtration in the Netherlands

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Jaap H. J. M. van der Graaf ◽  
Arjen F. van Nieuwenhuijzen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Effluent

As yet, filtration of wastewater treatment effluent has not been practised in the Netherlands. The main objections were the expected high costs. In order to gain practical experience an investigation programme studied the applicability and optimization of effluent filtration. Especially multi-layer filtration with the addition of ironchloride seemed to be very effective. Very low concentrations of suspended solids and phosphorus were achieved, even at high filtration rates (up to 30 m/h). This leads to an impressive reduction of expected costs, down to Dfl. 0.02/m3 (treated water).

Of Promise and Peril: Doctoral Study in Public Administration in the 21st Century

Public Voices ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
John R Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Faculty Member ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Doctoral Students ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Doctoral Study ◽  
Recent Graduate

The author, a recent graduate of the Doctor in Public Administration program, shares his thoughts about what it means to study public administration in the twenty-first century. He hopes his insights, born out of more than a forty year-long career in the field—decades of work in colleges and universities as a faculty member, dean, provost, vicepresident, and acting president, as well as his extensive experience in teaching public administration at the graduate and undergraduate levels—will help doctoral students in their academic pursuits. More specifically, he hopes that his remarks will make Ph.D. students think more deeply about the promise of their endeavors and, on the other hand, give them advance warning about perils of the process and ways to avoid them.

scholarly journals Sustainable Consumer Behavior in Purchasing, Using and Disposing of Clothes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8333
Author(s):  
Mirella Soyer ◽  
Koen Dittrich
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Sustainable Practices ◽  
Usage Phase ◽  
The Core

In this study we investigate how consumers in The Netherlands can be persuaded to adopt sustainable practices when purchasing, using and disposing of clothes. This study investigates the attitude-behavior gap for the sustainable choices for purchase, use and disposing of clothes. For each consumption phase we ran a two-step multiple regression. The findings showed that the importance of the factors vary in the three consumption phases. For purchasing and disposal decisions, the core motivator social motivation predicts sustainable practices best, while it has no role in the usage phase. The factor ability appeared to have a significant role in the disposal phase, but not in the other phases. Finally, the trigger appears to lower the consumers’ ability in the purchasing phase, while it enhances the core motivator social evaluation in the disposal phase.

scholarly journals Smart sensing metasurface with self-defined functions in dual polarizations

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3271-3278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Ma ◽  
Qiao Ru Hong ◽  
Xin Xin Gao ◽  
Hong Bo Jing ◽  
Che Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Programmable Gate Array ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rf Power ◽  
Pin Diodes ◽  
Self Recognition ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Power Detector ◽  
Smart Sensing ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rf Power Detector

AbstractFor the intelligence of metamaterials, the -sensing mechanism and programmable reaction units are two important components for self-recognition and -determination. However, their realization still face great challenges. Here, we propose a smart sensing metasurface to achieve self-defined functions in the framework of digital coding metamaterials. A sensing unit that can simultaneously process the sensing channel and realize phase-programmable capability is designed by integrating radio frequency (RF) power detector and PIN diodes. Four sensing units distributed on the metasurface aperture can detect the microwave incidences in the x- and y-polarizations, while the other elements can modulate the reflected phase patterns under the control of a field programmable gate array (FPGA). To validate the performance, three schemes containing six coding patterns are presented and simulated, after which two of them are measured, showing good agreements with designs. We envision that this work may motivate studies on smart metamaterials with high-level recognition and manipulation.

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