scholarly journals Distribution of the Benefits of Ngare Ndare Forest Trust and Il Ngwesi Group Ranch Ecotourism Enterprises in Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 1178-1192
Author(s):  
Philip Ireri ◽  
James Kung'u ◽  
Joseph Muriithi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Elite Capture ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
Tourism Enterprises

Equity in distribution of the benefits of ecotourism is critical as many African communities have remained poor though they occupy areas that are rich in tourism resources. In Kenya, some studies show tourism has been beneficial to most locals and even pro-poor while others reveal different inequalities including elite capture. In light of this divided opinion, this study investigated the distribution of benefits of Ngare Ndare Forest Trust’s and Il Ngwesi Group Ranch’s ecotourism enterprises in Kenya. The study was a cross-sectional survey that applied mixed-methods approach with quantitative data being collected through face-to-face interviews and qualitative data collected using focus group discussions. Its results showed that the two community owned and operated enterprises yielded various benefits to locals but there was limited channelling of these to women, youth and the poor. The study demonstrates that amidst the degrowth movement’s call for a shift from profit-driven development to community-centred approaches, there is need to address inequities that lie at the pinnacle of local participation in which communities own and operate tourism enterprises.

Uncertainty about cellulitis and unmet patient information needs: a mixed methods study

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp18X697349
Author(s):  
Anna Lalonde ◽  
Emma Teasdale ◽  
Ingrid Muller ◽  
Joanne Chalmers ◽  
Peter Smart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Patient Information Needs ◽  
History Of

BackgroundCellulitis is a common painful infection of the skin and underlying tissues that recurs in approximately a third of cases. Patients’ ability to recover from cellulitis or prevent recurrence is likely to be influenced by their understanding of the condition.AimTo explore patients’ perceptions of cellulitis and their information needs.MethodMixed methods study comprising semi-structured, face-to-face interviews and cross-sectional survey, recruiting through primary care, secondary care and advertising. Adults aged 18 or over with a history of cellulitis (first or recurrent) were invited to complete a survey, take part in an interview or both. Qualitative data was analysed thematically.ResultsThirty interviews were conducted between August 2016 and July 2017. Qualitative data revealed low prior awareness of cellulitis, uncertainty around diagnosis, concern/surprise at the severity of cellulitis, and perceived insufficient information provision. People were surprised they had never heard of the condition and that they had not received advice or leaflets giving self-care information. Some sought information from the internet and found this bewildering. Two hundred and forty surveys were completed (response rate 17%). These showed that, while most people received information on the treatment of cellulitis (60.0%, n = 144), they reported receiving no information about causes (60.8%, n = 146) or prevention of recurrence (73.3%, n = 176).ConclusionThere is a need for provision of basic information for people with cellulitis, particularly being informed of the name of their condition, how to manage acute episodes, and how to reduce risk of recurrence.

scholarly journals Perspectives of future pharmacists on the potential for development and implementation of pharmacist prescribing in Qatar

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-123
Author(s):  
Mohammad Issam Diab ◽  
Angham Ibrahim ◽  
Oraib Abdallah ◽  
Alla El-Awaisi ◽  
Monica Zolezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharmacist Prescribing ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Special Training Program

AbstractBackground Pharmacists in many developed countries have been granted prescribing authorities under what is known as “non-medical prescribing” or “pharmacist prescribing”. However, such prescribing privileges are not available in many developing countries. Objective The objective of this study was to determine the perspectives of future pharmacists (recent pharmacy graduates and pharmacy students) on pharmacist prescribing and its potential implementation in Qatar. Methods A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used: (1) a cross-sectional survey using a pre-tested questionnaire and; (2) focus group discussions to allow for an in-depth understanding of the issue, with a focus on pharmacists prescribing competencies as well as barriers for its implementation. Main outcome measures Future pharmacists’ perspectives and attitudes towards pharmacist prescribing in Qatar. Results The majority of the respondents (94.4%) indicated awareness of the prescribing competency related to selecting treatment options. Furthermore, the majority (92.4%) believed that pharmacists should undergo prescribing training and accreditation before been legally allowed to prescribe, a point that was reiterated in the focus group discussions. Participants generally expressed support for collaborative and supplementary prescribing models when developing prescribing frameworks for Qatar. Four categories emerged under the theme barriers to implementation of pharmacist prescribing: lack of prescribing competency, pharmacist mindset, lack of accessibility to patient records and counseling rooms, and diversity of education and training background. Conclusion The majority of recent pharmacy graduates and students were in favor of pharmacist prescribing been implemented in Qatar. However, a special training program was deemed necessary to qualify pharmacists to prescribe safely and effectively.

scholarly journals Assessment of Neonatal Thermal Cares: Practices and Beliefs Among Rural Women in West Guji Zone, South Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wako Golicha Wako ◽  
Belda Negesa Beyene
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin To Skin ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Neonatal Hypothermia

Abstract Introduction: A newborn has limited capacity to maintain temperature when exposed to cold environments. Therefore it is important to maintain newborn in optimal thermal environment. Neonatal hypothermia carries higher case fatality rate when concurrently occurs with other neonatal problems. Neonatal hypothermia is common neonatal problem.Objectives: This study assessed neonatal thermal care practices and beliefs among rural women in west Guji Zone, south Ethiopia. Methods and Materials: A community based cross sectional study combined with qualitative study was undertaken in rural areas of west Guji Zone. Randomly selected 388 rural mothers of infants less than 6 months old were participated in quantitative study. Three focus group discussions and three in-depth interviews were conducted among mothers of infants less than 6 months old; and grandmothers and traditional birth attendants respectively. Quantitative data was collected by using structured and pretested Afaan Oromo version questionnaire adapted from relevant literatures. Qualitative data was collected by in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The qualitative data was cleaned, coded and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Qualitative data was analyzed by thematic approach. Results: Out of 423 women planned for the study, 388 women were successfully interviewed and included into the analysis. In general rural women believe in importance of newborn thermal protection. The findings show that approximately 75% and 85% of women dried and wrapped their newborns respectively after delivery. However in study area drying and wrapping newborn are usually done after first newborn bath. Just over 84% of women bathed their newborns in less than 6 hours of delivery and majority of them used warm water for the bathing. About 69.1% and 57.7% of women put head cover to their newborns immediately after birth and initiated breast feeding within one hour of delivery respectively. Skin to skin care of newborn is non-existent in study area and perceived as odd, frightening and potential dangerous practice. Conclusion: Studied women practice some of recommended neonatal thermal care and believe in their importance in keeping newborn warm. However practice and believes about delayed first bath is against standard recommendation, whereas skin to skin care is non-existent and perceivably odd practice.

scholarly journals The Burden of Childlessness to Luo Women in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ephraim Otieno Ochieng'
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Sampled Data ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Catholic Priests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Childless Women

In the contemporary world, the issue of childbearing is a matter of choice. A couple may decide to bear children or not. However, within the Luo community, childbearing is an obligation that must be fulfilled by every couple; when this is not met, the couple faces several challenges. This is due to the importance the Luo community have on children. Children ensure the continuity of the lineage, and they ensure the immortality of the dead parents, among others. This article examines the burden the Luo childlessness women have to bear. The findings in this article are based on a cross-sectional field study conducted among the Catholic Luo childless couples in Western Kenya. The Luo Catholic childless couples were sampled using snowball, the Catholic priests and catechists were purposively sampled, and, the Small Christian Community (SCC) leaders were systematically sampled. Data was collected through in-depth oral interviews and Focus Group Discussions. These generated qualitative data that was transcribed, coded, analyzed thematically and presented in a descriptive form and verbatim narratives as stated by the key informants. The findings of the study indicate that the Luo childless women face a number of challenges such as alienation, stigmatization, and ridicule, among others. These challenges affect their lives within the families and at the entire community. The study recommends that childless couples to undergo a medical examination to ascertain if they can be assisted.

scholarly journals Farmer-preferred learning methods and utilised teaching approaches by Egerton University, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (s1) ◽  
pp. 203-213
Author(s):  
E.O. Ondiege ◽  
M. Mutuku ◽  
N.W. Mungai
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Effective Community

Universities are centres of frontier knowledge and skills, with the capacity to transform communities,when appropriately and adequately transmitted to users. The aim of this paper was to compare farmer-preferred learning methods and those utilised in teaching during Egerton University’s outreach activities, with a view to drawing useful insights for more effective community future engagements. A cross sectional survey was conducted in 2017, using researcher-administered questionnaires, on a sample of 84 farmers purposefully selected from communities where Egerton University implemented extension outreach programmes. Key informant interviews and focus group discussions were also conducted for community leaders and extension officers in the selected Wards, to supplement data collection. Results showed that the decision to participate in the outreach activities implemented by Egerton University was personal, with nearly all the respondents (99%) citing acquisition of new knowledge and skills as the major reason. Demonstrations were the most preferred and utilised methods (90 and 92%, respectively); while the use of group discussions were preferred by 51% of the respondents and utilised in 86% of the outreach activities. Results also showed significant relations for demonstration (c2 = 17.21, P<.001), touring university model farms (c2 = 68.11, P<.001) and use of training videos (c2 = 40.98, P<.001) between farmer-preferred learning methods and utilised teaching methods. This explains the popularity of demonstrations as a teaching and learning method of Egerton University in connecting theoretical and scientific aspects, to practice. Learner centred teaching methods, with the capacity to facilitate collaborative or cooperative learning, should be enhanced.

scholarly journals Observation of Traditional Caregiver-Infant Feeding Behaviours and Porridge and Energy Intakes during One Meal to Define Key Messages for Promoting Responsive Feeding in the Amparafaravola District, Rural Madagascar

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Yannick Razafindratsima ◽  
Andrimampionona Razakandrainy ◽  
Sonia Fortin ◽  
Charlotte Ralison ◽  
Claire Mouquet-Rivier
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Feeding Behaviours

Undernutrition is highly prevalent in young children in Madagascar and insufficient intake per meal could be one of the main causes. A cross-sectional survey of infant feeding practices including video-recorded meal observations was carried out with 101 caregiver–infant pairs in the Amparafaravola district, Northeast Madagascar. The objective was to quantify the porridge/energy intake of 9–11-month-old children and assess its association with the caregiver–infant feeding behaviours. Then, key messages for promoting responsive feeding (RF) were developed and tested through focus group discussions. The mean porridge intake was 12.8 ± 7.5 g/kg body weight (BW)/meal, corresponding to hardly one-third of the 300 kcal recommended from complementary foods for 9–11-month-old children. Analysis of meal videos suggested that mothers practiced the five positive feeding behaviours (self-feeding, responsive, active, social, and distraction), and rarely the negative ones. Only 6.9% of mothers used positive RF “very frequently”, although it was associated with higher intakes (p < 0.05), with mean intake reaching 21 g/kg BW. In focus groups, caregivers approved the six RF messages and related counselling cards. They suggested some modifications to improve their understanding, and counselling cards were revised accordingly. The long-term impact of RF-promoting card use on the meal intakes and the nutritional status of young children must now be assessed.

scholarly journals Making Corporate Social Responsibility Work: Do Rural and Community Banks (RCBs) in Ghana Care at All?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Mensah ◽  
Ahmed Agyapong ◽  
Eric Oteng-Abayie
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Banks ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corporate Social

Rural and Community Banks (RCBs) were set up to provide banking services by way of funds mobilization and offering of credit to cottage industry operators, farmers, fishermen, and regular salaried employees. These banks are not obliged to undertake Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities but are expected by some stakeholders such as citizens in the community to devote part of their profits to meet social developmental activities. This study examines the CSR practices among RCBs in Ghana by adopting a mixed method approach. A combination of Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and cross-sectional survey was employed to gather detailed information from 86 respondents who are associated with the selected RCBs. Data collected from Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and annual reports were analyzed using content analysis and presented in themes and models. Using the binomial test and descriptive statistics, questionnaire responses were analyzed and presented. We found that among RCBs, CSR has become synonymous to community and social development as managers accept the value that CSR can create in business. Additionally, it was found that three major stages are involved in the planning and implementation of CSR by RCBs. The researchers recommend that RCBs put together CSR policy guidelines, which will form the basis for CSR engagements in their respective banks.

scholarly journals Male Involvement in Family Planning: Challenges and Way Forward

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Adelekan ◽  
Philomena Omoregie ◽  
Elizabeth Edoni
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Public Health Officials

Public health officials have advocated the involvement of men as a strategy for addressing the dismal performance of family planning (FP) programmes. This study was therefore designed to explore the challenges and determine way forward to male involvement in FP in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osogbo, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study involved the use of a four-stage sampling technique to select 500 married men and interviewed them using semistructured questionnaire. In addition, four focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted. Mean age of respondents was 28.5 ± 10.3 years. Some (37.9%) of the respondents’ spouse had ever used FP and out of which 19.0% were currently using FP. Only 4.8% of the respondents had ever been involved in FP. Identified barriers to male involvement included the perception that FP is woman’s activity and was not their custom to participate in FP programme. More than half of the FGD discussants were of the view that men should provide their wives with transport fare and other resources they may need for FP. The majority of the respondents had never been involved in family planning with their wives. Community sensitization programmes aimed at improving male involvement in FP should be provided by government and nongovernmental agencies.

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