scholarly journals Evaluation of Early Stage Traits as an Indicator of Genetic Variation in Winter Lentil

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-559
Author(s):  
Murat ERMAN ◽  
Fatih ÇIĞ ◽  
Figen CERİTOĞLU ◽  
Mustafa CERİTOĞLU
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

Lentil is one of the oldest cultured crops with cereals which are cultivated in the wide geography of the world due to its high adaptability, quality nutritional value, important usage areas and economic value. Morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters during the early vegetative stage are an important indicator of adaptation to environmental conditions. This study was carried out to investigate the variation on some agronomic and physiological traits of 49 lentil genotypes during the early growth stage. Although there were significant differences in terms of plant height and total chlorophyll content, differences between genotypes for plant dry and fresh weight, stem diameter and length of epicotyl were statistically found insignificant. Plant height, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, length of epicotyl, stem diameter and total chlorophyll content varied between 2.53-4.78 cm, 0.17-0.39 g, 0.04-0.13 g, 1.53-3.00 cm, 0.72-1.05 cm and 28.4-38.2%, respectively. As a result, it was determined that observations taken 30 days after emergence are not sufficient to constitute genetic variation and use as an early prediction criteria field conditions. The longer-term and comprehensive studies should be carried out to form genetic variation and interpret the results in field conditions.

scholarly journals Respon tanaman anggrek (Dendrobium sp.) terhadap pemberian paklobutrazol dan jenis naungan yang berbeda

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Noor Hidayah ◽  
Karno Karno ◽  
Florentina Kusmiyati
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Initiation Time ◽  
Shade Treatment ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

ABSTRAK  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji jenis naungan yang sesuai dan sasaran pemberian paklobutrazol yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan serta pembungaan anggrek Dendrobium sp. Penelitian menggunakan Pooled Design dengan perlakuan naungan : N1 (naungan 30%), N2 (naungan 50%), N3 (naungan 70%), serta cara pengaplikasian paklobutrazol : P0 (kontrol), P1 (disemprotkan pada akar), P2 (disemprotkan pada daun), P3 (disemprotkan pada akar dan daun), diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, klorofil total, dan waktu inisiasi bunga anggrek. Data dianalisis ragam dan uji lanjut dengan BNT pada taraf α = 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa naungan 50% berpengaruh pada tinggi tanaman (26,97 cm) dan diameter batang (1,57 cm), naungan 70% juga berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman anggrek (29,30 cm) dan klorofil total (0,55 mg/g). Paklobutrazol tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang. Paklobutrazol hanya berpengaruh terhadap kandungan klorofil total. Interaksi antara perlakuan naungan 70% dan pemberian paklobutrazol pada daun, menunjukkan kadar klorofil tertingi sebesar 0,71 mg/g. Faktor pemberian naungan dan paklobutrazol tidak mempengaruhi pembungaan anggrek, tapi inisiasi bunga mulai terlihat di beberapa tanaman. Waktu inisiasi bunga terjadi saat hari ke 71 – 126 setelah perlakuan. Semua inisiasi bunga tidak dapat berkembang menjadi rangkaian bunga. Kata kunci: anggrek, paklobutrazol, naungan, pertumbuhan, pembungaan. ABSTRACT  The research aimed to examine the appropriate shade types and target of paclobutrazol giving for growth and flowering of Dendrobium sp. The research used Pooled Design with shade treatment: N1 (30% shade), N2 (50% shade), N3 (70% shade), treatment of paclobutrazol application: P0 (control), P1 (sprayed on roots), P2 (sprayed on leaf), P3 (sprayed on roots and leaf), replicated three times. Parameters measured were plant height, stem diameter, total chlorophyll, and the initiation time of orchid flowers. Data analyzed with anova and followed by LSD at α = 5%. The results showed that 50% shade affect plant height (26.97 cm) and stem diameter (1.57 cm), the 70% shade also affect plant height (29.30 cm) and total chlorophyll (0.55 mg/g). Paclobutrazol has no effect on plant height and stem diameter. Paclobutrazol only affect the total chlorophyll content. The interaction between the shade treatment of 70% and the application of paclobutrazol in leaves, showed the highest total chlorophyll content of 0.71 mg/g. Shading and paclobutrazol factors do not affect the flowering of orchids, but the flower initiation begins to be seen in some plants. The initiation time of flower occurs at days 71 to 126 after treatment. All flowers initiation didn’t develop into a flower arrangement. Keyword: orchid, shade, paclobutrazol, growth, flowering  

scholarly journals Improving the Keeping Quality and Vase Life of Cut Alstroemeria Flowers by Pre and Post-harvest Salicylic Acid Treatments

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz SOLEIMANY-FARD ◽  
Khodayar HEMMATI ◽  
Ahmad KHALIGHI
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Keeping Quality

Keeping quality and length of vase life are important factors for evaluation of cut flowers quality, for both domestic and export markets. Studding the effect of pre- and post-harvest salicylic acid applications on keeping quality and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers during vase period is the approach taken. Aqueous solutions of salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM were sprayed to run-off (approximately 500 mL per plant), about two weeks before flowers harvest. The cut flowers were harvested in the early morning and both of cut flowers treated (sprayed) and untreated were kept in vase solutions containing salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM. Sucrose at 4% was added to all treatments as a base solution. The changes in relative fresh weight, water uptake, water loss, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life were estimated during vase period. The results showed that the relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life decreased significantly while the water loss increased significantly during experiment for all treatments. A significant difference between salicylic acid and control treatments in all measured parameters is observed. During vase period, the salicylic acid treatments maintained significantly a more favourable relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and supressed significantly water loss, as compared to control treatment. Also, the results showed that the using salicylic acid increased significantly the vase life cut alstroemeria flowers, over control. The highest values of measured parameters were found when plants were treated by pre + post-harvest application of salicylic acid at 3 mM. The result revealed that the quality attributes and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers were improved by the use of salicylic acid treatment.

scholarly journals Salinity induced deleterious effects on germination, growth, physiological and biochemical process of two varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Sharmin Akter ◽  
Dilruba Yeasmin Jharna ◽  
Sujan Kanti Mali ◽  
Abu Sayeed
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The present study was accomplished to find out the effects of salinity on germination, growth, physiological and biochemical processes of two different groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), varieties viz., Dacca-1, and Zhinga groundnut. The experiments consisted of five salinity treatments viz., control (no salinity), 3, 6, 9, and 12dS/m during germination and vegetative stage of groundnut varieties. Results showed that germination percentage of both the groundnut varieties was significantly decreased with the increase of salt concentration. During the germination stage, maximum shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight and shoot and root dry weight of groundnut varieties were recorded from Zhinga groundnut variety at salt stress. The same result occurred during the vegetative stage of Dacca-1 variety while the Zhinga groundnut variety showed maximum parameters than Dacca-1. Fresh weight, as well as dry weight, of shoots and roots of both the groundnut varieties was also decreased with the increase of salt concentrations while leaf proline concentrations were increased among these varieties. Salinity caused significant (P<0.001) reduction in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content in both the genotypes. Between two genotypes, Zhinga groundnut recorded higher chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content than Dacca-1. From the studies, it is concluded that the groundnut genotype Zhinga was identified as the tolerant genotype to salt stress than Dacca-1. Overall results indicate that high salinity condition is not suitable for growing the groundnut.

scholarly journals Effect of chelating compounds (DTPA) and Brassinolide on some vegetative growth characteristics and macroelement content in Corianderum sativum L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Alaa Al-Halfi ◽  
Mahir Zaki Al-Shammary
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

The study was conducted at the Botanical Garden for Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad for the growing season (2016-2017) in order to study the chelating compound DTPA effect at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20) mg.L-1 and growth organizer brassinolide at concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2) mg.L-1 and their interaction on some morphological properties and content of macroelement (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) for coriander plant. Randomized complete Block Design (RCBD) was tested with three replicates. The results showed that the application by (DTPA) act to an increase in the mean of stem diameter and the total chlorophyll content in the leaves and concentration of nitrogen and potassium at the concentration of 20 mg.L-1 while no a significant effect on phosphorus concentration compared to the control treatment. Brassinolide increased all the studied characteristics of stem diameter, total chlorophyll content in leaves, concentration of nitrogen and concentration of potassium at concentration of 2 mg.L-1, while it did not have a significant effect in phosphorus concentration compared to control treatment.The results also showed a significant interaction between the factors of experiment in all the studied characteristics at the concentrations 20 mg.L-1 from DTPA and 2 mg.L-1 from brassinolide except of phosphorous which showed a significant interaction at concentrations 20 mg.L-1 from DTPA and 1, 1.5 mg.L-1 from brassinolide.

scholarly journals Effects of nano silver on the growth of banana (Musa spp.) cultured in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Giap Do ◽  
Thi Kim Thuy Dang ◽  
Thi Huyen Trang Nguyen ◽  
Thi Duoc Nguyen ◽  
Trong Tuan Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nano Silver ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The One

Nano silver has positive effects on the growth and development of in vitro plants. In this study, shoots of in vitro banana with 1 cm in length were cut off the tip which was cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 30 g.L-1 sucrose, 15% coconut water (v/v), 5 mg. L-1 6-Benzyladenine (BA), 8 g.L-1 agar and nano silver (1, 3, 5, 7 ppm). After twenty days cultured, shoots in the medium supplemented with 1 ppm nano silver have grown well with 8.4 times multiplication and total chlorophyll content (2.05 mg.g-1), three-fold higher than in the control experiment. All new shoot samples were cultivated in a new medium with same component and supplemented with 1 mg. L-1 active charcoal to study root formation. The results showed that the best medium for root development was the one with 3 ppm nano silver. In this treatment, the height of shoots, number of leaves, number of roots, root length, fresh weight, dry weight and total chlorophyll content were 2.90 cm, 4.40 leaves per explant, 7.10 roots per explant, 7.7 cm per explant, 1.47 g per explant, 0.136 g and 3.17 mg.g-1, respectively. In vitro healthy seedlings with equal size were grown in nurseries. Different concentrations of nano silver (5, 10, 15 ppm) were sprayed on once a week. After 30 days, the highest quality result was observed at concentration 5 ppm with shoot of 4.86 cm in length, 5.20 leaves per shoot, 4.60 roots per explant, root of 4.87 cm in length and 3.07 g per explant in fresh weight. Nano bạc có tác động tích cực lên quá trình sinh trưởng và phát triển của một số loài thực vật nuôi cấy in vitro. Trong nghiên cứu này, chồi non in vitro có chiều cao 1 cm đã cắt bỏ đỉnh được nuôi cấy trên môi trường MS có bổ sung 30 g/L đường, 15% nước dừa (v/v), 5 mg/L BA, 8 g/L agar và nano bạc ở nồng độ 1, 3, 5, 7 ppm. Sau 20 ngày nuôi cấy, mẫu cấy phát triển tốt trên môi trường bổ sung nano bạc nồng độ 1 ppm với hệ số nhân chồi 8,4 lần, hàm lượng chlorophyll tổng số đạt 2,05 mg/g, cao gấp ba lần so với mẫu đối chứng. Mẫu cấy được chuyền sang môi trường mới có thành phần tương tự và bổ sung thêm 1 mg/L than hoạt tính để khảo sát sự tạo rễ. Kết quả cho thấy mẫu cấy trên môi trường có nồng độ nano bạc 3 ppm phát triển tốt nhất với chiều cao cây 2,90 cm/mẫu; số lá 4,40/ mẫu; số rễ 7,10/ mẫu; chiều dài rễ 7,7 cm/mẫu; khối lượng tươi 1,47 g/mẫu, khối lượng khô 0,136 g/mẫu và hàm lượng chlorophyll tổng đạt 3,17 mg/g. Những cây con in vitro phát triển tốt được trồng ngoài vườn ươm. Các dung dịch nano bạc có nồng độ 5, 10, 15 ppm được dùng để phun lên cây 1 lần/ tuần. Sau 30 ngày, kết quả cao nhất ghi nhận ở dung dịch có nồng độ 5 ppm với chiều cao chồi đạt 4,86 cm, 5,20 lá/chồi, 4,60 rễ/mẫu, chiều dài rễ đạt 4,87 cm và khối lượng tươi đạt 3,07 g/mẫu.

scholarly journals Effect of IBA, NAA and their Combination on Rooting and Biochemical Parameters of Stem Cuttings in Barbados Cherry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Alam Khan Samim ◽  
B. S. Shivakumar ◽  
Ganapathi M.
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

An investigation was to assess the influence of growth regulators IBA, NAA and their combination on rooting and biochemical parameters of stem cuttings in Barbados cherry. It was observed that, the least number of days (21.33) taken for root initiation, maximum percentage of rooting (80.00) was observed in cutting treated with IBA 5000 ppm followed by IBA 4500 ppm over other treatments. Significantly highest Chlorophyll-a (1.26), Chlorophyll –b (0.55) and total chlorophyll content (1.82 mg/g of fresh weight) of leaves and C : N ratio (8.74) was observed in cuttings treated with IBA 5000 ppm followed by IBA 4500 ppm over all other treatments.

scholarly journals Respuestas de crecimiento, contenido de clorofila y rendimiento a la aplicación de lixiviado de vermicompost de estiércol bovino en el pimiento (Capsicum annuum L. híbrido Quetzal)

2020 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Cristhian Josue Cedeño Solorzano ◽  
Antonio Torres García ◽  
Eduardo Fidel Héctor Ardisana
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Chemical Fertilization ◽  
Vermicompost Leachate

Growth, chlorophyll content and yield responses after application of bovine manure vermicompost leachate in pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Quetzal hybrid) Resumen El pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) está presente en la dieta alimenticia de numerosas personas y tiene un gran valor económico para los agricultores que se dedican al cultivo de esta hortaliza. La presente investigación se realizó en la Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí, en el campus experimental La Teodomira. Se evaluó el comportamiento del híbrido de pimiento Quetzal F1 en cinco tratamientos: la aplicación foliar de tres diluciones (1:10, 1:20 y 1:30 v/v) de lixiviado de vermicompost de estiércol bovino (LVEB), fertilización química y suelo sin fertilización. Las variables evaluadas fueron la altura de la planta, el diámetro del tallo, la cantidad de hojas, el contenido de clorofilas totales y el peso de los frutos. A partir de esta última se estimó el rendimiento por hectárea. En general, los valores de todas las variables fueron significativamente superiores en las plantas que fueron tratadas con las diluciones de LVEB con respecto a las que crecieron en suelo sin fertilizar o con fertilización química. La dilución 1:30 del LVEB se destacó por encima de las restantes, mostrando incrementos significativamente mayores que la fertilización química en la altura de planta, el diámetro del tallo, la cantidad de hojas, el contenido de clorofilas totales, y aumentando en 1,28 tha-1 el rendimiento en comparación con las plantas que recibieron fertilizante químico. Los resultados demuestran los efectos benéficos que ejerce el lixiviado de vermicompost de estiércol bovino en el pimiento y potencian a este bioestimulante como alternativa sostenible en la producción hortícola.  Palabras clave: pimiento; lixiviados; vermicompost; bioestimulantes   Abstract The pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is present in the diet of many people and has great economic value for farmers who are dedicated to the cultivation of this vegetable. This research was carried out at the Faculty of Agronomic Engineering of the Technical University of Manabí, on the La Teodomira experimental campus. The behavior of the Quetzal F1 pepper hybrid was evaluated under five treatments: foliar application of three dilutions (1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 v/v) of bovine manure vermicompost leachate (LVEB), chemical fertilization and soil without fertilization. The variables evaluated were the plant height, the diameter of the stem, the number of leaves, the total chlorophyll content and the weight of the fruits. From the latter, the yield per hectare was estimated. In general, the values ​​of all the variables were significantly higher in the plants that were treated with the dilutions of LVEB with respect to those that grew in soil without fertilizing or with chemical fertilization. The 1:30 dilution of the LVEB stood out above the remaining ones, showing significantly greater increases than chemical fertilization for plant height, stem diameter, leaf quantity, total chlorophyll content, and increasing yield by 1,28 tha-1 compared to plants that received chemical fertilizer. The results demonstrate the beneficial effects exerted by the bovine manure vermicompost leachate in pepper and enhance this biostimulant as a sustainable alternative in horticultural production. Keywords: pepper; leachates; vermicompost; biostimulants.

HÍBRIDOS DE MILHO INOCULADOS COM Azospirillum brasilense SOB DIFERENTES DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL CADORE ◽  
ANTÔNIO PAULINO DA COSTA NETTO ◽  
EDÉSIO FIALHO DOS REIS ◽  
VILMAR ANTONIO RAGAGNIN ◽  
DOUGLAS SIQUEIRA FREITAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Different Doses

RESUMO - Microrganismos do gênero Azospirillum possuem o potencial de melhorar o desenvolvimento e a produção da cultura do milho. Porém as respostas dos híbridos de milho não são iguais frente à inoculação com estes microrganismos, devido a possível especificidade na interação entre genótipo e microrganismo e os diferentes manejos adotados. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produtividade de dez híbridos a fim de indicar entre esses híbridos os mais responsivos quando submetidos à inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense e a diferentes doses de nitrogênio em cobertura. Vários caracteres agronômicos foram avaliados como: altura de plantas, altura de inserção da espiga, diâmetro de colmo, teor de clorofila total, tamanho de espiga, número de fileiras da espiga, números de grãos por fileira, massa de 100 grãos e produtividade de grãos. Além dos caracteres agronômicos avaliou-se a atividade da enzima redutase do nitrato em duas diferentes épocas (V4 - V6 e VT). Os híbridos mais produtivos foram o Biogene 7046, Dekalb 310 VT PRO™ e Agroeste 1596 VT PRO™. O incremento das doses de nitrogênio aumentou o diâmetro do colmo, teor de clorofila total, comprimento da espiga, grãos por fileira e a produção de grãos.Palavras-chave: adubação nitrogenada; bactérias diazotróficas; safrinha.MAIZE HYBRIDS INOCULATED WITH Azospirillum brasilense UNDER DIFFERENT DOSES OF NITROGENABSTRACT – Microorganisms of the genus Azospirillum have the potential to improve the development and production of maize. However, the response of corn hybrids is not equal under inoculation with these microorganisms due to the specificity in the interaction between genotype and microorganism and the use of different managements. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the development and productivity of ten hybrids to indicate the most responsive when subjected to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and different doses of nitrogen fertilization. Several agronomic characters were evaluate as plant height, ear insertion height, stem diameter, total chlorophyll content, ear size, number of rows grains per ear, number of grains per row, mass of 100 grains and grain yield. In addition to the agronomic traits the activity of the enzyme nitrate reductase was evaluated in two different seasons (V4 - V6 and VT). The most productive hybrids were Biogene 7046, Dekalb 310 VT PRO ™ and Agroeste 1596 VT PRO ™.The increment of nitrogen increased stem diameter, total chlorophyll content, ear length, grains per row and grain production.Keywords: dizotrofic bacterias; nitrogen fertilization; second harvest.

scholarly journals Tolerance of sugarcane cultivars to chemical eradication

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-386
Author(s):  
R.C. Adriano ◽  
C.A.M. Azania ◽  
L.R. Pinto ◽  
D. Perecin ◽  
A.A.P.M. Azania
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Minimum Rate ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Split Plot

Knowledge of the minimum rate of glyphosate required to eradicate sugarcane ratoons can reduce the amount of herbicide used. To confirm this hypothesis, this study aimed to investigate the tolerance of different sugarcane cultivars to chemical eradication, at different glyphosate rates. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a split-plot scheme, with four replications. The sugarcane cultivars (IACSP94-2094, IACSP94-2101, IACSP93-3046, IACSP94‑4004, IAC86-2480, and RB72454) were allocated in plots and the glyphosate rates (0, 1,440, 2,160, 2,880, 3,600, and 4,320 g ha-1), in the sub plots. The traits evaluated were signs of poisoning symptoms; total chlorophyll content, plant height, percentage of dead tillers, and dry weight of the plants. At 45 days after application (DAA), the glyphosate rate of 1,440 g a.e. ha-1 eradicated the cultivars IACSP94-2094 and IACSP94-2101, as well as RB72454 with application of 2,160 g a.e. ha‑1. Application of glyphosate 2,880 g a.e. ha-1 eradicated both IACSP93-3046 and IAC86-2480 and glyphosate 3,600 g a.e. ha-1 eradicated IACSP94-4004. The most tolerant cultivar was IACSP94‑4004, eradicated at the rate of 3,600 g. a.e. ha-1. This confirms the hypothesis that knowing the cultivar's tolerance leads, in practice, to a smaller amount of herbicide applied to the environment, which also reduces production costs.

scholarly journals Yields of sesame vary dramatically under rain-fed conditions on marginal lands in Thailand

2019 ◽  
pp. 2075-2085
Author(s):  
Darika Bunphan ◽  
Joseph E. Knoll ◽  
William F. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Number Of Branches ◽  
Plant Plant

The objectives of this research were to evaluate grain yield, related traits and some agronomic performances of 15 sesame cultivars under rain-fed conditions on marginal land of Northeast in Thailand. The experiments were conducted at two locations; Maha Sarakham and Buriram provinces in Northeast Thailand during the summer of 2018. The fields were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications and 15 sesame cultivars. Significant differences were observed for all traits at both locations except SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) at 90 DAP in Maha Sarakham. Significant differences were found between locations for yield and some of the yield components. It appeared that pod/plant, plant height, number of branches, and plant biomass were the most important components attributing to yield. Harvest index was negatively correlated with yield. Heritability estimates were the highest for plant height (0.88), branches per plant (0.92), pod width (0.95), and pod length (0.89). At Maha Sarakahm, cv. UB3 had the greatest grain yield (1058.03 kg ha-1), and was among the highest for number of branches/plant, plant height, and number of pods/plant, whereas KKU1 had the highest harvest index (43.62%). Mahasarakham60 had the highest SCMR value at 60 and 75 DAP and also total chlorophyll content at 60, 75 and 90 DAP. At Buriram cv. Buriram had the highest number of branches/plant, plant height, SCMR, total chlorophyll content, and number of capsules/plant, but did not have a high grain yield (334.44 kg ha-1). UB1 had the highest grain yield (545.63 kg ha-1) at Buriram. Environmental factors affected agronomic performances and grain yield in sesame grown under the rain-fed condition and marginal land in Thailand. If breeding under various environmental conditions, traits such as plant height and number of branches per plant would achieve the highest gains.

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