Salinity induced deleterious effects on germination, growth, physiological and biochemical process of two varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

The present study was accomplished to find out the effects of salinity on germination, growth, physiological and biochemical processes of two different groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), varieties viz., Dacca-1, and Zhinga groundnut. The experiments consisted of five salinity treatments viz., control (no salinity), 3, 6, 9, and 12dS/m during germination and vegetative stage of groundnut varieties. Results showed that germination percentage of both the groundnut varieties was significantly decreased with the increase of salt concentration. During the germination stage, maximum shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight and shoot and root dry weight of groundnut varieties were recorded from Zhinga groundnut variety at salt stress. The same result occurred during the vegetative stage of Dacca-1 variety while the Zhinga groundnut variety showed maximum parameters than Dacca-1. Fresh weight, as well as dry weight, of shoots and roots of both the groundnut varieties was also decreased with the increase of salt concentrations while leaf proline concentrations were increased among these varieties. Salinity caused significant (P<0.001) reduction in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content in both the genotypes. Between two genotypes, Zhinga groundnut recorded higher chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content than Dacca-1. From the studies, it is concluded that the groundnut genotype Zhinga was identified as the tolerant genotype to salt stress than Dacca-1. Overall results indicate that high salinity condition is not suitable for growing the groundnut.

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Effects of nano silver on the growth of banana (Musa spp.) cultured in vitro

Journal of Vietnamese Environment ◽

10.13141/jve.vol10.no2.pp92-98 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 92-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dang Giap Do ◽

Thi Kim Thuy Dang ◽

Thi Huyen Trang Nguyen ◽

Thi Duoc Nguyen ◽

Trong Tuan Tran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Nano Silver ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

The One

Nano silver has positive effects on the growth and development of in vitro plants. In this study, shoots of in vitro banana with 1 cm in length were cut off the tip which was cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 30 g.L-1 sucrose, 15% coconut water (v/v), 5 mg. L-1 6-Benzyladenine (BA), 8 g.L-1 agar and nano silver (1, 3, 5, 7 ppm). After twenty days cultured, shoots in the medium supplemented with 1 ppm nano silver have grown well with 8.4 times multiplication and total chlorophyll content (2.05 mg.g-1), three-fold higher than in the control experiment. All new shoot samples were cultivated in a new medium with same component and supplemented with 1 mg. L-1 active charcoal to study root formation. The results showed that the best medium for root development was the one with 3 ppm nano silver. In this treatment, the height of shoots, number of leaves, number of roots, root length, fresh weight, dry weight and total chlorophyll content were 2.90 cm, 4.40 leaves per explant, 7.10 roots per explant, 7.7 cm per explant, 1.47 g per explant, 0.136 g and 3.17 mg.g-1, respectively. In vitro healthy seedlings with equal size were grown in nurseries. Different concentrations of nano silver (5, 10, 15 ppm) were sprayed on once a week. After 30 days, the highest quality result was observed at concentration 5 ppm with shoot of 4.86 cm in length, 5.20 leaves per shoot, 4.60 roots per explant, root of 4.87 cm in length and 3.07 g per explant in fresh weight. Nano bạc có tác động tích cực lên quá trình sinh trưởng và phát triển của một số loài thực vật nuôi cấy in vitro. Trong nghiên cứu này, chồi non in vitro có chiều cao 1 cm đã cắt bỏ đỉnh được nuôi cấy trên môi trường MS có bổ sung 30 g/L đường, 15% nước dừa (v/v), 5 mg/L BA, 8 g/L agar và nano bạc ở nồng độ 1, 3, 5, 7 ppm. Sau 20 ngày nuôi cấy, mẫu cấy phát triển tốt trên môi trường bổ sung nano bạc nồng độ 1 ppm với hệ số nhân chồi 8,4 lần, hàm lượng chlorophyll tổng số đạt 2,05 mg/g, cao gấp ba lần so với mẫu đối chứng. Mẫu cấy được chuyền sang môi trường mới có thành phần tương tự và bổ sung thêm 1 mg/L than hoạt tính để khảo sát sự tạo rễ. Kết quả cho thấy mẫu cấy trên môi trường có nồng độ nano bạc 3 ppm phát triển tốt nhất với chiều cao cây 2,90 cm/mẫu; số lá 4,40/ mẫu; số rễ 7,10/ mẫu; chiều dài rễ 7,7 cm/mẫu; khối lượng tươi 1,47 g/mẫu, khối lượng khô 0,136 g/mẫu và hàm lượng chlorophyll tổng đạt 3,17 mg/g. Những cây con in vitro phát triển tốt được trồng ngoài vườn ươm. Các dung dịch nano bạc có nồng độ 5, 10, 15 ppm được dùng để phun lên cây 1 lần/ tuần. Sau 30 ngày, kết quả cao nhất ghi nhận ở dung dịch có nồng độ 5 ppm với chiều cao chồi đạt 4,86 cm, 5,20 lá/chồi, 4,60 rễ/mẫu, chiều dài rễ đạt 4,87 cm và khối lượng tươi đạt 3,07 g/mẫu.

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Effect of IBA, NAA and their Combination on Rooting and Biochemical Parameters of Stem Cuttings in Barbados Cherry

International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.31033/ijrasb.8.5.21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 147-150

Author(s):

Alam Khan Samim ◽

B. S. Shivakumar ◽

Ganapathi M.

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Root Initiation ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Chlorophyll B ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content

An investigation was to assess the influence of growth regulators IBA, NAA and their combination on rooting and biochemical parameters of stem cuttings in Barbados cherry. It was observed that, the least number of days (21.33) taken for root initiation, maximum percentage of rooting (80.00) was observed in cutting treated with IBA 5000 ppm followed by IBA 4500 ppm over other treatments. Significantly highest Chlorophyll-a (1.26), Chlorophyll –b (0.55) and total chlorophyll content (1.82 mg/g of fresh weight) of leaves and C : N ratio (8.74) was observed in cuttings treated with IBA 5000 ppm followed by IBA 4500 ppm over all other treatments.

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Improving the Keeping Quality and Vase Life of Cut Alstroemeria Flowers by Pre and Post-harvest Salicylic Acid Treatments

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb539095 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 364-370 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elnaz SOLEIMANY-FARD ◽

Khodayar HEMMATI ◽

Ahmad KHALIGHI

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Water Balance ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Water Loss ◽

Vase Life ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Cut Flowers ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Keeping Quality

Keeping quality and length of vase life are important factors for evaluation of cut flowers quality, for both domestic and export markets. Studding the effect of pre- and post-harvest salicylic acid applications on keeping quality and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers during vase period is the approach taken. Aqueous solutions of salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM were sprayed to run-off (approximately 500 mL per plant), about two weeks before flowers harvest. The cut flowers were harvested in the early morning and both of cut flowers treated (sprayed) and untreated were kept in vase solutions containing salicylic acid at 0.0 (with distilled water), 1, 2 and 3 mM. Sucrose at 4% was added to all treatments as a base solution. The changes in relative fresh weight, water uptake, water loss, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life were estimated during vase period. The results showed that the relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and vase life decreased significantly while the water loss increased significantly during experiment for all treatments. A significant difference between salicylic acid and control treatments in all measured parameters is observed. During vase period, the salicylic acid treatments maintained significantly a more favourable relative fresh weight, water uptake, water balance, total chlorophyll content and supressed significantly water loss, as compared to control treatment. Also, the results showed that the using salicylic acid increased significantly the vase life cut alstroemeria flowers, over control. The highest values of measured parameters were found when plants were treated by pre + post-harvest application of salicylic acid at 3 mM. The result revealed that the quality attributes and vase life of cut alstroemeria flowers were improved by the use of salicylic acid treatment.

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Effect of nicosulfuron on chlorophyll content of marandu-grass cultivated in crop-forest-livestock integration systems

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.12.2631 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1876-1882

Author(s):

Evander Alves Ferreira ◽

Marcia Vitória Santos ◽

Leandro Diego da Silva ◽

Priscila Júnia Rodrigues da Cruz ◽

Raul Ribeiro Silveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Chlorophyll B ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Integration System ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Urochloa Brizantha

The aim of this work was to study the effect of sub-doses of herbicide nicosulfuron on the levels of chlorophyll and growth of marandu-grass in an forest-livestock integration system. The treatments consisted of eucalyptus consortium with sorghum (BRS 655 hybrid) and forage Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu (marandu-grass) at 12×2 and 12×3 m spacings in agroforestry systems, in addition to sorghum + marandu-grass and marandu-grass in monoculture. The doses of nicosulfuron applied at the marandu-grass were 0, 15 and 30 g ha-1. At 30 and 120 days after the application of nicosulfuron, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were measured usinf a portable chlorophyll meter, with six measurements per plant. Afterwards, the total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b were calculated. We also measured the mass of the total dry matter of marandu-grass and growth rate of the culture. Marandu-grass plants cultivated in monoculture showed higher quantities of chlorophyll and the highest growth rates. The levels of chlorophyll a, b and chlorophyll a/b and the growth rate of marandu grass were similar between systems integrated with eucalyptus (12x2 and 12x3 m). The increase of herbicide dose negatively influenced on chlorophyll content in marandu-grass in all treatments evaluated. The use of nicosulfuron in doses of 25 and 50 g L-1 reduced the growth rate of marandu grass only when grown in monoculture

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Lavandula angustifolia Growth and Physiology Is Affected by Substrate Type and Depth When Grown under Mediterranean Semi-intensive Green Roof Conditions

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.47.2.311 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 311-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

George Kotsiris ◽

Panayiotis A. Nektarios ◽

Angeliki T. Paraskevopoulou

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Growth Index ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Green Roofs ◽

Stomatal Resistance ◽

The Other ◽

Physiological Status ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Substrate Depth

Green roofs have received increased interest as a result of their environmental, social, and economic benefits. The present study aims to evaluate suitable, lightweight substrates for the installation of semi-intensive-type green roofs and their effects on Lavandula angustifolia growth and physiological status under Mediterranean climatic conditions. The study was conducted in field containers (1.2 × 1.2 m), and treatments included the use of two depths (20 cm or 30 cm) and three different substrates: 1) pumice (Pum) mixed with peat (P) and zeolite (Z) in a volumetric proportion of 65:30:5 (Pum65:P30:Z5); 2) pumice mixed with compost (C) and zeolite in a volumetric proportion of 65:30:5 (Pum65:C30:Z5); and 3) sandy loam soil (S) mixed with perlite (Per) and zeolite in a volumetric proportion of 30:65:5 (S30:Per65:Z5). Each experimental plot was planted with four plants of L. angustifolia. The physical and chemical characteristics of the substrates and the in situ substrate moisture levels were determined. Plant growth was determined by the growth index and root dry weight, whereas the plant physiological status during the stressful summer period was determined by chlorophylla+b content and stomatal resistance. It was found that the bulk density of all of the substrates was less than 0.8 g·cm−3, whereas the water retention of substrate S30:Per65:Z5 was greater than the other two substrates at all tensions. Substrate depth was the most influential factor; therefore, the deeper substrates (30 cm) provided higher growth indices and root dry weight, increased total chlorophyll content, and reduced leaf stomatal resistance compared with the shallower substrate depth of 20 cm. Differences between substrate types were smaller compared with those of substrate depth. In spring, the growth index in substrate Pum65:C30:Z5 was larger but not in the summer when the growth index of substrates S30:Per65:Z5 and Pum65:P30:Z5 exceeded that of the substrate amended with compost until the end of the study. In late summer, the plant total chlorophyll content decreased in all substrates, whereas substrate Pum65:C30:Z5 exhibited increased stomatal resistance compared with the other two substrates at the same period. It was concluded that L. angustifolia could be grown successfully in semi-intensive Mediterranean green roofs at a substrate depth of 20 cm, but its growth and tolerance to the harsh summer conditions would improve at a substrate depth of 30 cm.

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Role of some rhizospheric Pseudomonas on the growth and physiology of broad bean (Vicia faba) under salt stress conditions

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1794 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Boubaker Idder ◽

Rachid Djibaoui ◽

Hocine Abdelhakim Reguieg Yssaad ◽

Abdelhak Djoudi

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Broad Bean ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Plant Tolerance ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content

Salt stress affects the development and growth of plants in various ways as a result of its effect on water relationships, photosynthesis, and nutrient absorption by physiological and biochemical processes. Consequently, several researchers have increasingly studied the effect of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR) as promoters and enhancers under saline environment. The main goals of this study were to examine the manifested response of the broad bean plant under saline conditions and to evaluate the role of some Pseudomonas isolates in improving plant tolerance to salt stress. Three Pseudomonas strains were isolated (P1 and P7 from a saline soil and P15 from a vineyard soil). These isolates were screened by salinity and used as inoculums in Vicia faba plants (OTONO variety) irrigated with two saline solutions (NaCl; 100 and 150 mM L−1) and one without salinity. The results show that salinity decreased the fresh weight, total chlorophyll content, and the Na+/K+ ratio, but it increased proline accumulation in inoculated and noninoculated plants. The inoculation of V. faba plants with P1, P7, and P15 strains significantly increased the production of fresh biomass in the presence and absence of salt stress, and positively affected the accumulation of proline and the Na+/K+ ratio. The inoculation with bacterial strains increased the total chlorophyll content in plants at all salt treatment levels, especially the P1 strain that showed a significant effect.

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Synthesis, Characterization and Herbicidal Activity of Amide Derivatives of Glyphosate

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/340519 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 2378-2383 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jatinder Pal Kaur Gill ◽

Nidhi Sethi ◽

Anand Mohan

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Structure Analysis ◽

Herbicidal Activity ◽

Chlorophyll B ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Amide Derivatives ◽

The Common ◽

Derivatives Of

The present work includes synthesis of a series of amide derivatives of glyphosate and their characterization. The structure analysis of these new derivatives was done with the help of FTIR and 1H NMR, Further, their herbicidal activity was analyzed on one of the common weeds (Parthenium hysterophorus). Under the influence of amide derivatives of glyphosate it was found that the chlorophyll content (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and total Chlorophyll content) of the weed was found to lessen than the control. Moreover, these synthesized derivatives are less polar as compared to the parent glyphosate molecule thereby can emphatically reduce the problem of their leaching into the groundwater.

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EFFECT OF MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE GROWTH, MULTIPLICATION AND CONCENTRATION OF THE VOLATILE OIL OF ROSEMARY OFFICINALIS IN VITRO

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v50i4.742 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Abdul Husain & Jawad

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Volatile Oil ◽

North Pole ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

South Pole ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content ◽

Engineering Sciences ◽

Shoot Number

This experiment was conducted at the plant tissue culture laboratory – Dept. of Horti.- Coll. of Agricultural Engineering Sciences – Univ. of Baghdad, in order to study the effect of magnetic field in the propagation and production of volatile oil compounds of rosemary plant Rosmarinus officinlis. Factorial experiments within completely randomized design with thirty replications were used. The results indicated an increase in the treatment of exposure to south pole for 30 days with the highest mean of the shoots number, fresh and dry weight and total chlorophyll content (7.5 shoots.plant-1, 6634 mg, 769.5 mg and 160.6 mg.100 g-1) respectively. While the control treatment produced the lowest value of shoot number, fresh and dry weight and total chlorophyll content (5.7 shoots.plant-1, As shoots length, the exposure to south pole for 30 days, gave the shoot length (6 cm), while the exposure treatment to north pole for 20 days gave mean branch length of 2.25 cm. In terms of the effect of magnetic field on the concentration of volatile oil compounds, the results indicate that the exposure to south pole for 30 days significantly higher than the other treatments in the following compounds: linalool, Terpinene, linderol, Limonene cymene, and camphor penene. The 30-day north pole exposure was significantly higher in the two compounds: merycenen and sabinene.

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Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Genotypes undre Salt Stress

Annals of Bangladesh Agriculture ◽

10.3329/aba.v24i2.55782 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 33-46

Author(s):

MS Rahman ◽

MA Malek ◽

RM Emon ◽

A Hannan ◽

GHM Sagor

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Glycine Max ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Group Method ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Glycine Max L

Three advanced lines (SB02, SB05, SB07) along with one tolerant (Lokon) and one susceptible check (Asswt) of soybean (Glycine max L.) were assessed for salt tolerance in terms of morpho-physiological traits and molecular markers (SSR). The experiment was conducted at seedling stage with four salinity treatments namely 0, 8, 12 and 16 dSm-1 following Completely Randomized design. All the genotypes displayed considerable reduction in their morphological traits, least affecting the tolerant one. None of the genotypes were survived at 12 and 16 dSm-1 stress condition. Among the lines tested, SB-02 and SB-05 were identified as salt tolerant at 8 dSm-1 based on salinity susceptibility index (SSI) scoring. These genotypes suffered less in reduction of leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) and increase of Na+/K+ than the susceptible genotypes. For all the traits viz. shoot length, root length, total length, shoot fresh weiht, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total fresh weight, total dry weight, percent live leaves, chlorophyll content and Na+/K+ ratio, the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than that of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). All the traits studied showed medium to high heritability ranging between 43.81% (SPAD) to 96.65% (shoot length). The genotypes were grouped into two clusters considering both Euclidian distance and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean analysis. Lokon, SB-02 and SB-05 are on the same cluster as tolerant, and SB-7 and Asset on the other as susceptible to salt stress. The molecular pattern using by SSR marker displayed an average number of 3.33 alleles per locus with PIC (Polymorphism Information Content) values ranged from 0.2688 (sat_655 and satt728) to 0.7680 (sat_210). The highest gene diversity was observed in sat_210 and satt237 and the lowest in sat_655 and satt728 with a mean diversity of 0.5733. The genotypes Lokon, SB-02 and SB-05 could be suggested as a potential germplasm source of QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) analysis for the development of salt tolerant soybean variety. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2020) 24(2): 33-46

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Analysis of secondary metabolism and total chlorophyll content provides new insights into the role of A-tocopherol for wild type and VTE4 mutant Arabidopsis thaliana under different abiotic stresses

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1602445k ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 445-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amir Khalatbari ◽

Hawa Jaafar ◽

Amir Khalatbari ◽

Maziah Mahmood ◽

Radziah Othman

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Water Stress ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Water Deficiency ◽

Wild Type ◽

Total Chlorophyll Content

Plants experience different abiotic stresses under natural conditions including salinity, water deficit, low temperature and high light. Once plants are exposed to these stresses they might have a variety of responses physiologically and biochemically. In this study, we test this hypothesis in wild type Col-0 and vte4 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana by measuring major secondary metabolites alongside with total chlorophyll content under different abiotic stresses namely salt stress, water stress and prolonged water deficiency. These stresses were imposed to the plants in separate experiments in which each treatment was replicated three times in a complete randomized design with factorial arrangement. It was concluded that under all abiotic stresses wild type Col-0 Arabidopsis plants showed stronger performance in terms of all major metabolites compared to vte4 mutant. ?-tocopherol deficiency in vte4 mutant plants led to lower accumulation of proline, total protein and total amino acids as well as starch and total sugars in comparison with wild type A. thaliana. Furthermore, all five secondary metabolites obtained the highest value under 100mM NaCl concentration (Salt stress), under 50% of field capacity (water stress) and under 8 days of water withholding (prolonged water deficiency). Wild type Col-0 resulted in higher level of total chlorophyll content under all abiotic stresses compared to mutant plants. Therefore, our results suggested that the loss of ?-tocopherol in vte4 mutant A.thaliana under different abiotic stresses affected the efficiency and the stability of central metabolism and photosynthetic apparatus.

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