scholarly journals Jacek Hugo-Bader in the footsteps of Ryszard Kapuściński and Svetlana Alexievitch in the former USSR (White Fever. From Moscow to Vladisvostok, 2009)

Slovo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol The Distant Voyages of Polish... (The distant journeys of...) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Vandenborre
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Four Books ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Mise En Récit ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
The Relationship

International audience Of the four books which were written by Jacek Hugo‑Bader, three are held in Russia and in the territories of the former Soviet Union: In the Paradise Valley, Among the Weeds herbes [W rajskiej dolinie, wśród zielska, 2002], White Fever [Biała gorączka, 2009] and Kolyma Diaries [Dzienniki kołymskie, 2010]. This Russianness is the starting point of the present article which aims to place Hugo‑Bader’s literary personality in the Polish galaxy of travel writers. His interest for post‑Soviet space connects Hugo‑Bader with two writers who have distinguished themselves in this field: Svetlana Aleksievič and Ryszard Kapuściński. Considering the method, the collection of material, the relationship to witnesses, the vision of Russian power, the storytelling and the use of literature, the comparison will help to identify some of Hugo‑Bader’s most important specificities. Sur les quatre livres que compte l’oeuvre de Jacek Hugo‑Bader, trois se déroulent en Russie et dans les territoires de l’ex‑URSS : Dans la vallée paradisiaque, parmi les mauvaises herbes [W rajskiej dolinie, wśród zielska, 2002], La Fièvre blanche [Biała gorączka, 2009] et Le Journal de la Kolyma [Dzienniki kołymskie, 2010]. Cette prédominance russophone constitue le point de départ du présent article dont l’objet est de situer la personnalité littéraire d’Hugo‑Bader, dans la pléiade polonaise des écrivains voyageurs. L’intérêt pour l’espace post‑soviétique invite en effet à rapprocher Hugo‑Bader de deux écrivains qui se sont illustrés dans le domaine : Svetlana Aleksievitch et Ryszard Kapuściński. En prenant en compte la méthode, la collecte de matériau, la relation aux témoins, le rapport au pouvoir russe, la mise en récit et l’utilisation de la littérature, la comparaison permettra de dégager ainsi quelques‑unes des spécificités de l’auteur de La Fièvre blanche.

Trends in Global Oil Investments Over the Past 20 Years

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Shirobokova ◽  
Fe Amor Parel Gudmundsson
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
The Relationship

Today, energy is an irreplaceable resource without which it is impossible to imagine the life of modern society. Oil, as the most important energy resource, has a significant impact on both individual economies and the world economy. The main objective of this chapter is to identify the relationship between oil supply and oil demand of developed and developing countries on the example of OECD and Former Soviet Union countries. The changes that took place in supply and demand in the oil market from 2000 to 2020 are investigated. The chapter uses graphic and mathematical analysis. It is clear with a fair amount of confidence that the oil demand in developed countries is higher than their supply, and the supply of oil in developing countries is rather more than demand. Also, the chapter draws attention to investments in the oil industry, including on the example of Russia as a former USSR country, analyzes their current state, and draws appropriate conclusions.

Overcoming Barriers to Cooperation: Territorial and Issue Neutralization as Tools of Conflict Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-149
Author(s):  
Michael O. Slobodchikoff
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Design Feature ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cooperative Relationships ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Post Soviet Space

This article investigates how states can begin to cooperate and form bilateral relationships given severe barriers to cooperation. Certain issues can prevent cooperation from occurring despite strategic interests in doing so by both states. However, if states agree to use the institutional design feature of territorial or issue neutralization, then conflict can be averted even if some of the major hindrances to cooperation remains unresolved. I examine in greater detail how both territorial and issue neutralization are used as institutional designs feature in building a cooperative bilateral relationship. Through two major case studies, the self-imposed territorial neutralization of Finland in its relations with the Soviet Union as well as issue neutralization in the relationship between Russia and Ukraine following the collapse of the Soviet Union, I am able to show that territorial and issue neutralization may be effective tools for resolving conflict in the post-Soviet space and could create cooperative relationships instead of conflictual ones.

scholarly journals FDI in the Post-Soviet Space Three Decades after the Disintegration of the Soviet Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-60
Author(s):  
K. Kalotay ◽  
A. Sulstarova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Outward Fdi ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The former Soviet Union disintegrated three decades ago. That momentous 1991 was not only the starting point for independence of the countries of the post-Soviet space but also the starting point for their transformation from centrally planned economy to capitalism, often with local specificities. At the moment of writing this article aiming at analysing the long-term, structural characteristics of inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI), these 12 economies are facing new COVID-19-related challenges, different from the problems of transformation undertaken in the past decades. After a brief literature survey, in which the main issues raised by academic research are highlighted, the article analyses the long-term trends and the main characteristics (geographical and sectoral) of FDI, with special reference to greenfield project announcements from 2003 on (the starting year of data availability). It also explores how much economic development was based on either attracting inward or promoting outward FDI or both. The performance of the 12 post-Soviet economies is controlled against the performance of other transition economies such as the Baltic States, South-East Europe and/or the Visegrad Group. The article concludes that indeed efforts towards using inward or outward FDI for development has been modest, even if in inflows one can observe some convergence with the other transition economies, which have been relying more wittingly using FDI for their development.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of public administration in post-soviet societies

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 354-365
Author(s):  
Sergii A. Vavreniuk ◽  
Oleksandr M. Nepomnyashchyy ◽  
Oleksandra A. Marusheva ◽  
Iryna A. Lahunova ◽  
Svitlana M. Shostak
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Current State ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Modernization Process ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Newly Independent States

This article focuses on the problem of public administration in the countries of the former Soviet Union. It reveals the economic development issues of the states of the post-Soviet space, considers the main common and distinctive features for the newly independent states. The central problem raised in the article is the determination of the current state of the modernization process in post-Soviet societies. The author assumes the presence of demodernization and presents an argument in confirming his opinion. In addition, the article reveals the issues of the modern political state of such countries of the former USSR as Russia, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. The author traces the process of demodernization and dependence of political and social development on the governing elitist groups, leading to authoritarianism as opposed to the supposed democracy and modernization.

To the 44th anniversary of the first in Ukraine and the former USSR reimplantation of the upper limb after its complete traumatic amputation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
V.G. Rindenko ◽  
◽  
V.V. Krasnobai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Traumatic Amputation ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Further Development

This work is a tribute to the 44th Anniversary of the first in Ukraine and the former Soviet Union reimplantation of the upper limb after its complete traumatic amputation and impact of the case on further development of microsurgery and replantology in the USSR

The Caspian Sea: Quest for a New Legal Regime

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Vinogradov ◽  
Patricia Wouters
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Former Ussr

One of the most controversial contests over the allocation of shared natural resources is now being waged by four former Soviet Union republics (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan) and Iran over the riches of the Caspian Sea. The bilateral regime established by the former USSR and Iran governing the Caspian Sea, though technically still existing today, is inadequate to deal with the present-day complex issues of the use and allocation of natural resources. The situation is aggravated by unilateral claims of the states bordering the Sea. Although the coastal states are currently discussing how the regime of the Caspian Sea might be resolved, the issue is not yet settled and the positions of the parties remain divergent.

scholarly journals Duas fotografias em Austerlitz, de W. G. Sebald | Two photographs in Austerlitz, by W. G. Sebald

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-116
Author(s):  
Luciano Gatti
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Photographic Material ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Memory Experience ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Relationship

O presente trabalho discute as relações entre literatura e fotografia em Austerlitz, de W. G. Sebald. Para fazer isso, como ponto de partida, observa-se a suposta oposição entre documento e ficção no emprego de material fotográfico feito por Sebald. Segundo a hipótese deste artigo, a função das fotografias deve ser compreendida a partir do mecanismo literário desenvolvido por Sebald para apresentar a investigação de seu protagonista a respeito de elementos de sua vida passada desconhecida. A pesquisa caracteriza tal procedimento como um “encadeamento de narradores” e, feito isso, debate sobre a função exercida pelas fotografias nas relações entre memória, narração e experiência.Palavras-chave: W. G. Sebald. Fotografia. Memória. Experiência.  AbstractThis article discusses the relationship between literature and photography in Austerlitz, by WG Sebald. In order to do that, as a starting point, we observe the supposed opposition between document and fiction in Sebald's use of photographic material. This study proposes that we may understand the role played by photographs in the book by means of the literary mechanism developed by Sebald to present the search of his protagonist for elements of his unknown past. The present article characterizes this procedure as a “chain of narrators” and, after that, discusses the role played by photographs in the relationships between memory, narration and experience.Keywords: W. G. Sebald. Photography. Memory. Experience. ORCIDhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3960-3610

scholarly journals Die Geschichte in der Gegenwart sehen. Überlegungen zum Begriff der „kontaminierten Landschaften“ [Seeing History in the Present: Reflections on the Concept of “Contaminated Landscapes”]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Klei
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Mass Shootings ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crime Scenes

Seeing History in the Present: Reflections on the Concept of “Contaminated Landscapes”The essay takes the 2014 book Kontaminierte Landschaften [Contaminated Landscapes] by the Austrian journalist and writer Martin Pollack as an opportunity to explore relationships between landscapes, (marked) places, and memory. In considering the relationship between the metaphorical (literary) image of contaminated landscapes and the actual crime scenes, I focus on the mass shootings of Jews by the German Nazis and their local supporters in the former Soviet Union. These specific crime scenes are used to explore the limits of Pollack’s metaphor and the problems it causes. The central arguments are presented using concrete examples provided by seven photographs.Widzieć historię w teraźniejszości. Refleksje nad pojęciem „skażonych krajobrazów”W artykule książka Skażone krajobrazy (2014) austriackiego dziennikarza i pisarza Martina Pollacka staje się punktem wyjścia do badania związków między krajobrazami, (naznaczonymi) miejscami i pamięcią. Relacje między metaforycznym (literackim) obrazem skażonych krajobrazów a realnymi miejscami zbrodni rozważam na przykładzie masowych rozstrzelań Żydów dokonanych w byłym Związku Radzieckim przez niemieckich nazistów i ich miejscowych stronników. Te konkretne miejsca zbrodni pomagają zbadać granice zastosowania metafory Pollacka i powodowane przez nią problemy. Najważniejsze wnioski zaprezentowałam na konkretnych przykładach siedmiu fotografii.

scholarly journals Dlaczego Putin wszczął wojnę przeciw Ukrainie?

Politeja ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (2 (34/1)) ◽  
pp. 239-245
Author(s):  
Mykoła Doroszko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Economic Pressure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Russian President ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
New Type ◽  
Vladimir Putin ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
The Eu

Why Putin Started War Against Ukraine? The author analyzes the causes and consequences of undeclared war of Russia against Ukraine. Among the main reasons – the desire to restore Russian leadership’s geopolitical influence in the former Soviet Union by building a new type of empire. In order to reach it official Moscow uses a wide range of tools - from economic pressure and blackmail to armed aggression on the territories of the former USSR. The author is convinced that the annexation of the Crimea and the undeclared war of Russia against Ukraine were the result of revanchist policy of Russian President Vladimir Putin aimed at the return of influential world power status. Achieving this goal involves prevention of Europeanisation and democratization of post-Soviet countries, the main jewel among which is Ukraine. Exit from the influence of Russia is possible, according to the author, through the integration of Ukraine into the EU and NATO.

scholarly journals The Place of the Saint Ladislaus’ Monarchy in the Medieval Europe according to the Western Chroniclers at the time of the First Crusade

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Dźwigała
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
First Crusade ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Western European ◽  
The Relationship

The present article examines the First Crusade’s passage through the Kingdom of Hungary. Basing on the two main narrative sources: the Historia Ierosolimitana of Albert of Aachen and the chronicle of the William of Tyre the author comments on the relationship between the king of Hungary, Coloman the Learned, and Western European crusaders, which is the starting point to discuss a wider problem of opinion on newly christianizeed Hungary from the post-Carolingian Europe’s point of view. As it has been shown, the Kingdom of Hungary at the time of the First Crusade was perceived as a member of Latin Christendom. Furthermore there is no evidence in contemporary Latin narrative sources for the chroniclers’ negative approach towards Hunagarian Monarchy. 

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