scholarly journals Are Resource-Rich Regions Impacted More by Covid-19 Pandemic? Comparing Economic and Mobility Impact in Indonesia’s Provinces

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Rian Hilmawan ◽  
Yesi Aprianti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Central Economic

The coronavirus pandemic has caused negative impact on economy as it limits people interactions from their normal life. This paper tries to compare the effects on economic growth and visits by locals to central economic places (retail and recreation, grocery and pharmacy stores, parks, and workplaces) of Covid-19 in Indonesia’s provinces as social restrictions applied. By using Google’s mobility report data combined with the second quarterly GRDP data across Indonesia’s sub-national level, we compare economic and mobility performances between “the treated provinces” located in Sumatra, Kalimantan and Papua Islands (SKP) who’s their economy has been dominated by natural resources-based sectors (e.g., palm oil, natural gas, oil and coal) and “the untreated provinces” in Java-Bali-and Eastern Regions (Sulawesi, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara), henceforth JBE. We visualize and provide scatterplots to depict relationships between selected variables. We also test whether each impact differs between SKP and JBE. Our study finds that while almost all provinces have been impacted negatively during the pandemic, its effects graphically differ among regions, while Java’s provinces have looked to be affected strongly. However, our statistical analyses based on Welch’s and Levene’s tests provide weak evidence that the pandemic harms regions disproportionately.

scholarly journals Pengeluaran Pemerintah dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia : Analisis Panel Seemingly Unrelated Regression

2018 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bayu Kharisma ◽  
Adji Pratikto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Almost All

The paper aims to examine how the growth impact of government spending in Indonesia, with a focus on several expenditure sectors, namely defense, education, health, agriculture, transport and communications, and manufacturing sectors. Based on the 17 sectors studied, only 6 sectors significantly influence economic growth, namely industrial sector, agriculture and irrigation sector, transportation and transportation sector, environment and spatial sector, political sector and mass media lighting, and security of order. Meanwhile, of the six sectors, only the security sector of order has a positive effect on economic growth, while the other five sectors negatively affect economic growth. If not paid attention to the level of significance, almost all sectors of development expenditure have a negative impact on economic growth, only 5 sectors that have a positive influence that is the labor sector, education sector, national culture, trust in God YME, youth and sports, housing and residential sector , the science and technology sector, as well as the security and order sectors. However, only the security sector of order has a significant effect, while the other four sectors have no significant effect. This result differs from previously conclusions, where their overall conclusion of the government development spending sector has a significant effect, the effect being positive. However, the same conclusions are generated for the security and order sectors, where the results are positive and significant.

Does abundant natural resources amplify the negative impact of income inequality on economic growth?

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 102229
Author(s):  
Ugochukwu Michael Anyanwu ◽  
Amarachukwu Anthony Anyanwu ◽  
Andrzej Cieślik
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Negative Impact

scholarly journals The Effect of Rainfall on Economic Growth in Thailand: A Blessing for Poor Provinces

Economies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siriklao Sangkhaphan ◽  
Yang Shu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Andaman Sea ◽  
Climate Effect ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Service Sectors

Rainfall is related to economic growth and generally has beneficial impacts on dry and poor areas that are mostly dependent on rainfed agriculture. Thailand is a service-based, upper middle-income country with a tropical climate although rainfall varies regionally. The volume of precipitation in the northern and northeastern regions is rather low while the southern region has the highest rainfall due to its narrow topography running north-south bordering the Andaman Sea to the west and the Gulf of Thailand to the east. The present study explored the effect of rainfall on the growth of the gross provincial product (GPP) by economic sector and subsector using provincial-level panel data from 1995 to 2015. The feasible generalised least squares (FGLS) estimator with fixed effect was used in the regression models. We found that the main impacts of the weather occurred through rainfall and reduced GPP growth at the national level. For the sector level, the results showed that rainfall had a significant negative impact on the agricultural and service sectors while it had a positive but not significant impact on the industrial sector. However, rainfall remains vital in poor regions although it could be detrimental to certain subsectors in those regions. The results confirmed that the positive effects of rainfall mostly affected the economies of poor provinces and suggested that average rainfall could be the key climate effect on economic growth in Thailand.

scholarly journals Linking economic growth pathways and environmental sustainability by understanding development as alternate social–ecological regimes

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (38) ◽  
pp. 9533-9538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme S. Cumming ◽  
Stephan von Cramon-Taubadel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Equilibrium Point ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
National Level ◽  
Human Populations

Scientists understand how global ecological degradation is occurring but not why it seems to be so difficult to reverse. We used national-level data and a mathematical model to provide an empirical test of the hypothesis that national economies display two distinct economic regimes that are maintained by self-reinforcing feedbacks between natural resources and society. Our results not only support previous findings that two distinct groups exist, but also show that countries move toward one of these two different equilibrium points because of their different patterns of natural resource use and responses to population growth. At the less economically developed equilibrium point maintained by “green-loop” feedbacks, human populations depend more directly on ecosystems for income. At the more economically developed equilibrium point maintained by “red-loop” feedbacks, nonecosystem services (e.g., technology, manufacturing, services) generate the majority of national gross domestic product (GDP), but increasing consumption of natural resources means that environmental impacts are higher and are often exported (via cross-scale feedbacks) to other countries. Feedbacks between income and population growth are pushing countries farther from sustainability. Our analysis shows that economic growth alone cannot lead to environmental sustainability and that current trajectories of resource use cannot be sustained without breaking feedback loops in national and international economies.

scholarly journals The Circular Model in Disposal with Municipal Waste. A Case Study of Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1839
Author(s):  
Henrieta Pavolová ◽  
Roman Lacko ◽  
Zuzana Hajduová ◽  
Zuzana Šimková ◽  
Martin Rovňák
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
National Level ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Linear Arrangement ◽  
Circular Model

Mineral resources are life and driving force of the European Union. It is gaining awareness not only in the EU dependent on imports, but also in the world. In the context of the growing population and the growing demands of economies for natural resources, this type of material management has a significant negative impact on the environment. The main aim of the study was to justify the model of circular economy on the national level, based on the disparities between the regions of Slovak republic. To meet the objective, mostly one-factor analysis was implemented. The circular model, which is based on the partial replacement of primary raw materials by secondary ones, should, on the one hand, limit the depletion of natural resources and, on the other hand, reduce the amount of waste produced. The presented work focuses on the issue of sustainable development, which is closely related to the circular economy, and then explains the circular economy model, including the differences from the linear arrangement and possible obstacles to its implementation for the specific conditions of the Slovak republic. From the results, it is clear that the proposed circular model would be helpful to improve the inefficiencies and disparities on the regional and national level.

scholarly journals KAJIAN SOSIAL LINGKUNGAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT BERKELANJUTAN BERDASARKAN ISPO DI PTPN VIII TAMBAKSARI SUBANG JAWA BARAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prisman Andri Lesmana Sihombing ◽  
Ernah Ernah
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All

 ABSTRAK.Kelapa sawit adalah komoditas yang paling banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia, hal ini dikarenakan tingginya permintaan pasar international akan minyak nabati. Fenomena ini menimbulkan dampak negatif pada aspek sosial dan lingkungan. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan yang dikenal dengan ISPO (Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil) standard, yaitu prinsip dan kriteria untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia yang dibuat sebagai bentuk perwujudan peraturan perundang – undangan dan dukungan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia untuk mewujudkan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan. PTPN VIII Kebun Tambaksari adalah salah satu perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah menerapkan standard ISPO dalam pengelolaan perkebunannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana pemenuhan aspek sosial dan lingkungan perkebunan kelapa sawit berdasarkan ISPO di PTPN VIII Tambaksari Subang Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskrptif kualitatif. Hasil survey menunjukkan bahwa PTPN VIII Tambaksari telah memenuhi hampir semua indikator aspek sosial dan lingkungan sebagaimana yang tercantum dalam Prinsip ISPO.Kata Kunci: Kelapa Sawit, ISPO, Keberlanjutan, PerkebunanABSTRACTPalm oil is the most cultivated commodity in Indonesia, this is due to the high international market demand for vegetable oil. This phenomenon has a negative impact on social and environmental aspects. To overcome this, the government issued a policy known as the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) standard, namely the principles and criteria for oil palm plantations in Indonesia which were made as a manifestation of legislation and the support of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia to realize oil palm plantations that sustainable and environmentally friendly. PTPN VIII Tambaksari Gardens is one of the oil palm plantation companies that has implemented the ISPO standard in managing their plantations. This study aims to examine the extent of fulfillment of the social and environmental aspects of oil palm plantations based on ISPO at Tambaksari Subang VIII West Java. The research method used is qualitative descriptive analysis. The survey results show that PTPN VIII Tambaksari has fulfilled almost all indicators of social and environmental aspects as stated in the ISPO Principles.Keywords: Palm Oil, ISPO, Sustainability, Estate

scholarly journals EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF INCOME TAX ON ECONOMIC GROWTH OF WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Luljeta Sadiku ◽  
Merale Fetahi-Vehapi ◽  
Murat Sadiku
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Balkan Countries ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

The existing theoretical literature advocates that tax policy plays a vital role on the economic development, principally policy that include a reduction in the rate of taxation is a dominant incentive of economic growth. In this regard, almost all Western Balkan countries cut the income tax and move to a flat tax rate in order to stimulate the employment and investment which in turn will spur the economic growth. Thus, the purpose of this research paper is to empirically examine how changes of income tax affect the economic growth of Western Balkan countries. For analysing this issue, panel econometric models are employed using yearly data for the time period 2005-2016. The estimation results reveal that the personal income tax has positive and significant impact on growth. While corporate tax has negative impact on growth in almost all models, but the coefficient is statistically insignificant. This implies that the current corporate tax rates couldn’t endow with sustainable economic growth in the sample countries.

scholarly journals Casinos and Economic Growth: An Update

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M Walker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
State Government ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Casino Industry ◽  
Causality Model

As U.S. politicians and voters continue to grapple with the slower-than-expected recovery from the 2007-09 recession, the legalization (or expansion) of commercial casinos has become an increasingly popular policy. Casinos are politically popular because the state government legalizes them, and can thus create a new industry which pays high taxes and may stimulate employment and economic development. Despite the fact that casinos are now widespread in the United States – there are around 1,000 commercial and tribal casinos – the empirical evidence on their economic impacts is still negligible.In two previous studies ( we have tested the relationship between state-level casino revenues and per capita income (i.e., economic growth) to provide evidence on whether or not casinos have a positive economic impact on states’ economies. We have utilized a Granger causality model modified for use with panel data. Our initial evidence, from a paper published in 1998, indicated that casinos do Granger cause economic growth. However, when we re-tested the model using up-to-date data (at the time, through 2005), we found no significant results. The casino industry has grown extensively since 2005, and although the recession of 2007-09 had a negative impact on the casino industry, the national-level revenue numbers are again climbing.We extend our previous analyses in order to provide updated evidence on the economic growth impact of commercial casinos in the United States. Section 2 provides a more detailed background of our previous analysis and an overview of other relevant literature. Section 3 describes the data and model, and provides the results. Section 4 is a discussion and conclusion. 

scholarly journals Is the recent increase in national homicide abnormal? Testing the application of fan charts in monitoring national homicide trends over time

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha-Neul Yim ◽  
Jordan R. Riddell ◽  
Andrew Palmer Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Interval ◽  
National Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Homicide Rate ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Federal Bureau Of Investigation ◽  
Aggravated Assault ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Violent Crime Rate ◽  
Report Data

Purpose: The goal of this study is to compare the increase in the 2015 national homicide rate to the historical data series and other violent crime rate changes. Methods: We use ARIMA models and a one-step ahead forecasting technique to predict national homicide, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault rates in the United States. Annual Uniform Crime Report data published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation are used in our analysis. Results: The 2015 homicide rate increased above the 90% prediction interval for our model, but not more conservative intervals. Predictions intervals for other national level crime rates consistently produced correct coverage using our forecasting approach.Conclusions: Our findings provide weak evidence that the national homicide rate spiked in 2015, though data for 2016 – 2018 do not show a continued anomalous increase in the U.S. homicide rate. Data and code to replicate the findings can be downloaded from https://www.dropbox.com/sh/3086vtoqly5qho6/AABq_weh2LTMtBp426vhZ0EHa?dl=0

scholarly journals Gender Inequality: Dampaknya terhadap Pendapatan Per Kapita (Studi Kasus 33 Provinsi di Indonesia 2011-2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Cita Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Gender Inequality (gender inequality) is a classic problem in various countries, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Gender inequality in various fields is considered to hinder economic growth. Slowing economic growth is considered to have a negative impact on income, both at the national level and the per capita level. Researchers are interested in examining per capita income as a proxy for economic growth. Per capita income is a measure of community welfare that is most often used by the government. This study aims to examine the description of gender inequality and per capita income in Indonesia, and analyze the impact of gender inequality on per capita income in Indonesia. The results of descriptive analysis show that there are still gender disparities in all provinces throughout Indonesia in 2011-2019. Furthermore, based on the results of the inference analysis using panel data, this study concludes that gender inequality simultaneously has a significant effect on per capita income. Gender inequality variables that have a partial effect include wages for women workers, women's labor force participation, and gender development

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