scholarly journals Effect of soil moisture level and phosphorus rate on phosphorus uptake and growth of corn (Zea mays L)

1969 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Muñoz ◽  
Trevor G. Arscott
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Moisture Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Corn Plants

The effect of soil moisture level and phosphorus fertilization on corn (Zea mays L.) growth and P uptake was evaluated in a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions. Two soils, Lewisburg silt loam (fine, mixed, mesit, Typic Hapludalf) and Nipe clay (clayey, oxidic, isohyperthermic, Anionic Acrudox) were included in the study. The three moisture levels were M2 = field capacity, M2 = fluctuation between field capacity and 50% available water, and M3 = fluctuation between field capacity and permanent wilting point. The phosphorus treatments were P1 = 0 kg P/ha, P2=112 kg P/ha and P3 = 224 kg P/ha. Fresh and dry matter yield of corn plants grown on Lewisburg soil increased significantly with phosphorus fertilization. The field capacity treatment (M1) significantly outyielded the other two moisture treatments when 11 2 kg P/ha was applied. At 224 kg P/ha there was no significant difference in yield between M1 and M2 treatments, but both these treatments significantly outyielded the M3 treatment. Corn plants grown on Nipe soil did not respond to phosphorus or moisture treatments. Phosphorus applications to Lewisburg soil significantly increased phosphorus uptake by corn plants. Phosphorus uptake was 3.89, 21.60 and 42.73 mg/pot for 0, 112 and 224 kg P treatments, respectively. An increase in moisture stress decreased P uptake with M1, M2 and M3 yielding 27.88, 22.91 and 17.42 mg P/pot, respectively. Corn plants grown on Nipe soil showed a slight increase in P uptake with the application of 224 kg P/ha. but this increase was not significantly different from that of the other two P treatments. Nor did moisture stress affect P uptake. The lack of response of corn plants to P fertilization and moisture level of Nipe soil can be attributed to a high P fixing capacity of the soil.

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide as an Attenuator of Ecophysiological Changes in Corn (Zea mays L.) Plants Submitted to Copper Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Ana Ecidia de Araújo Brito ◽  
Jessica Suellen Silva Teixeira ◽  
Diana Jhulia Palheta de Sousa ◽  
Evelyn Fátima Lima de Souza ◽  
Gabriel Ito dos Santos Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Donor ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Corn Plants

The aim of this work was to evaluate the attenuating effect of the nitric oxide donor (sodium nitroprusside-NPS) on the ecophysiological responses of corn plants (Zea mays L.) submitted to copper toxicity. The corn seeds of the K9606 VIP3 variety were soaked for 48 hours in Germitest with solution containing treatment with sodium nitroprusside Na2 [Fe (CN) 5 NO] 2H2O (0, 200 and 300µM), sodium ferrocyanide Na4Fe (CN) 6 ( 300, 100 and 0 µM) respectively and deionized water (control), sown in buckets with 15 kg of soil incubated for 50 days containing copper concentrations CuSO4.5H2O (0, 60 and 200 mg kg-1). The design consisted of randomized blocks with 12 treatments and 4 repetitions, making a total of 48 plants. in ecophysiological variables: height, leaf area and number of leaves, stem diameter increased by 32, 66% and 11.29% in the treatments with 60 mg kg-1 of copper and 200 mg kg-1 of copper, respectively. There was no effect of treatments on the chlorophyll content measured by the SPAD index and gas exchange. The chlorophyll a fluorescence variables indicate that the concentration of 200 mg kg-1 of copper caused damage to the structure of the PS II reaction center complexes and indicate a slightly protective effect of nitric oxide-NO present in sodium nitroprusside and cyanide present in sodium ferrocyanide, reflecting a smooth functioning of the maximum activity of photosystem II and the electron transport chain.

scholarly journals SKRINNING FITOKIMIA, UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN TABIR SURYA PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
David Albert Pangemanan ◽  
Edi Suryanto ◽  
Paulina V. Y. Yamlean
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
A Value ◽  
Maximum Protection ◽  
Area North ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Corn Kernels

ABSTRACT Corn (Zea Mays L.) is widely developed in Indonesia. Corn kernels showed total phenolic and antioxidant activity. Antioxidants have the potential as photoprotectors, therefore, plants containing phenolic compounds can be used in the prevention of free radicals. For this reason, researcher is interested in further researching the phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and sunscreen testing from extracts of stems, leaves, hair and leaf wrapping from corn (Zea mays L.). The samples used were corn plants (corn silk, corn leaves, corn stalks and leaf wrapping corn) originating from Kauditan area, North Minahasa. The results of the study showed that the leaf contained saponin and flavonoid compounds, the stem contained alkaloid and saponin compounds, the hair contained alkaloid and flavonoid compounds, and the leaf wrapping only contained alkaloid compounds. The highest to lowest total phenolic content values starting from the stem were 46.93 μg / mL, the leaf wrapping 37.76 μg / mL, the leaf 26.63 μg / mL and hair 14.49 μg / mL. The leaf has the highest antioxidant activity with a value of 72.81% followed by 62.87% stem then wrapping leaf 43.13%  and finally hair 29.14%. The SPF value of the stem was included in the ultra protection with a value of 16.117 followed by the leaves included in the maximum protection with an SPF value of 10.902. While the hair with SPF value of 0.6 and wrapping leaf with SPF value of 0.222 are included in the minimum protection. Keywords: Corn (Zea Mays L.), Sunscreen, Antioxidants, Phenol ABSTRAK Jagung (Zea Mays L.) banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia. Biji jagung menunjukkan kadar total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan. Antioksidan memiliki potensi sebagai fotoprotektor, oleh karena itu, tanaman yang mengandung senyawa fenolik dapat digunakan dalam pencegahan radikal bebas. Untuk itu peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti lebih lanjut tentang skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya dari ekstrak batang, daun, rambut, dan daun pembungkus dari jagung (Zea mays L.). Sampel yang digunakan ialah tanaman jagung (rambut jagung, daun jagung, batang jagung dan daun pembungkus jagung) yang berasal dari daerah Kauditan, Minahasa Utara. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan daun mengandung senyawa saponin dan flavonoid, batang mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan saponin, rambut mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan flavonoid, dan daun pembungkus hanya mengandung senyawa alkaloid. Nilai kandungan total fenolik  yang paling tinggi sampai paling rendah dimulai dari batang sebesar 46.93 μg/mL, daun pembungkus 37.76 μg/mL, daun 26.63 μg/mL dan rambut 14.49 μg/mL. Daun memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang paling tinggi dengan nilai 72.81% diikuti oleh batang 62.87% kemudian daun pembungkus 43.13% dan yang terakhir adalah rambut 29.14%. Nilai SPF batang termasuk dalam proteksi ultra dengan nilai 16,117 diikuti oleh daun yang termasuk dalam proteksi maksimal dengan nilai SPF 10,902. Sedangkan rambut dengan nilai SPF  0,6 dan daun pembungkus dengan nilai SPF 0,222 termasuk dalam proteksi minimal. Kata Kunci : Jagung (Zea Mays L.), Tabir Surya, Antioksidan, Fenol

scholarly journals P Uptake and Solubility, Growth Characteristics and the Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) Due to Phosphorhizobacteria and Organic Fertilizers in Acid Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
F. H. Khumairah ◽  
A. Jingga ◽  
B. N. Fitriatin ◽  
T. Simarmata
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Organic Fertilizers

scholarly journals Evaluation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes for Morphological and Root Characters under Excessive Moisture Stress Condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 839-847
Author(s):  
Satish Chandra Narayan ◽  
Manigopa Chakraborty ◽  
Krishna Prasad ◽  
Savita Ekka ◽  
Milan Kumar Chakravarty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Moisture Stress

scholarly journals Biologi Stenocranus pacificus Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) pada tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) di rumah kasa

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Dosma Ulina Simbolon ◽  
Maryani Cyccu Tobing ◽  
Darma Bakti
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
North Sumatra

<p><em>Stenocranus pacificus </em>Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is destructive pest on corn plants in South Lampung and it has been reported to cause corn damages in North Sumatra. The  objective of this research was to study some aspects biology of <em>S. pacificus</em> on corn plants in screenhouse. The research was conducted by observing the biology of <em>S. pacificus</em> that was reared on corn plants in screenhouse.<em> </em>The results showed that life cycle of <em>S. pacificus </em>was 38–47 (41,60 ± 3,19) days: egg was 9–11 (10,20 ± 0,79) days, the first instar nymph was 3–4 (3,70 ± 0,48) days, the second instar nymph was 3–4 (3,90 ± 0,32) days, the third instar nymph was 3–4 (3,70 ± 0,48) days, the fourth instar nymph was 3–4 (3,80 ± 0,42) days, and the fifth instar nymph was 3–4 (3,60 ± 0,52) days. Age of female was 13–17 (15,30 ± 1,34) days. It was longer than age of male which was 8–12 (10,10 ± 1,20) days. Female could produce 181–214 (197,60 ± 11,64) eggs during its life. The sex ratio was 1:1,98.</p>

Adaptability of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes to intercropping in tropical Asian seasons

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-375
Author(s):  
U. Sangakkara ◽  
D. Wijesinghe ◽  
D. Weerasekera ◽  
P. Stamp
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Two Hybrid

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most popular highland cereal in South Asia, and hybrids are being promoted to enhance yields. Thus, a field study evaluated the growth and yields of two hybrid and two open-pollinated varieties in two major (wet) and minor (dry) seasons of Sri Lanka, when grown as a mono crop and when intercropped with mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. The growth and yields of the hybrids were greater under both mono and mixed crop conditions in the major seasons, while the performance of open-pollinated varieties was significantly superior in the minor seasons, when the crops are subjected to moisture stress due to lower rainfall. The potential of using different types of maize for smallholder cropping in South Asia in the two seasons is presented.

Relationships Between Yield and Crown Disease of Sweet Corn Grown in the Willamette Valley of Oregon

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Nathan L. Miller ◽  
Cynthia M. Ocamb
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Analysis Program ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
Nodal Roots ◽  
Corn Plants

Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) yields in the Willamette Valley of Oregon declined during the 1990s. Severe root rot affected some plants shortly before harvest, but was absent in other plants that showed secondary symptoms of reduced ear yield and leaf death; necrosis of stalk nodes and crown tissues was found instead. Studies were done to determine if there is a relationship among yield and necrosis of crowns, stalk nodes, nodal roots, radicles, or sub-crown internodes. An image analysis program was used to quantify the grayscale value of crown and node tissues. Regression analysis indicates that plants with darker crown tissues have lower ear weights. Rots of the nodal roots, radicle, or sub-crown internode were poor predictors of ear weight at harvest. When either Fusarium oxysporum or F. verticillioides were isolated from crowns of commercial sweet corn plants, these crowns had significantly darker grayscale values than those from which neither species was isolated; ear weights were also lower when F. oxysporum was isolated from the crown or a stalk node. Accepted for publication 13 July 2009. Published 31 August 2009.

Effect of molybdenum deficiency on the growth and metabolism of corn plants raised in sand culture

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (16) ◽  
pp. 1905-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Agarwala ◽  
C. P. Sharma ◽  
S. Farooq ◽  
C. Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Corn Plants

Molybdenum deficiency decreased the dry matter yield, tissue concentration of molybdenum, and chlorophyll content of corn (Zea mays L. cv. T.41) plants. Compared with the normal (control) plants, leaves of molybdenum-deficient plants had significantly lower activities of nitrate reductase, catalase, aldolase, and alanine aminotransferase and higher activities of peroxidase, β-glycerophosphatase, and ribonuclease. Within 72 h of supplying molybdenum (50 μM) to molybdenum-deficient plants, chlorophyll concentration, soluble protein, and activities of nitrate reductase, catalase, and alanine aminotransferase showed considerable recovery but the increase in the peroxidase activity was further enhanced. Supply of molybdenum to molybdenum-deficient plants did not significantly affect the activity of aldolase, ribonuclease, and β-glycerophosphatase.

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