Yield and yield components of papaya grown on Coto clay (Typic Eutrustox) and fertilized with chicken manure

A field experiment was established on Coto clay (Typic Eutrustox) to evaluate the use of chicken manure as fertilizer for papaya. Four manure rates (0, 5,10 and 15 t/ha) were evaluated in all possible combinations with four rates of inorganic fertilizer (0, 56, 112 and 224 g/plant/month of 15-15-15). Fresh and dry weight of papaya leaves (petioles and blades) increased significantly with manure applications, but no effect of inorganic fertilizer treatments was observed. Phosphorus and potassium concentration in papaya blades was higher in plots receiving 15 t/ha of chicken manure. Fertilizer applications increased K content in blades and decreased magnesium content. Both manure and fertilizer treatments increased fruit yield. The application of 10 and 15 t/ha of manure resulted in fruit yields of 42.19 and 54.76 t/ha. These yields were significantly higher than the yields obtained with the 0 and 5 t/ha treatments. The 0, 56,112 and 224 g/plant/month fertilizer treatments resulted in fruit yields of 28.11, 42.60, 37.22 and 38.25 t/ha, respectively. The yield of the 0 fertilizer treatment was significantly lower, but no significant difference was observed among the other fertilizer treatments. Chicken manure applications increased soil available phosphorus (Bray 1-P) from 16.57 to 28.64 mg/kg, and soil exchangeable potassium from 0.12 to 0.19 cmolc/kg. Fertilizer applications had no significant effect on these two parameters. A significant correlation was observed between papaya yield and Bray 1-P. A Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.65 was obtained when both manure and inorganic fertilizer plots were considered. The correlation coefficient increased to 0.82 when only manure-treated plots were considered, but decreased to 0.25 when only fertilizer-treated plots were considered. Manure applications were more effective in increasing soil available phosphorus than fertilizer applications. Manure applications apparently prevent phosphorus fixation on Coto clay, increasing soil available phosphorus and thus favoring higher fruit yields.

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Impact of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Biochar Enriched with Chicken Manure Extract on Phosphorus Retention in Sandy Soil

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su131910851 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 10851

Author(s):

Yossif Dady ◽

Roslan Ismail ◽

Hamdan Jol ◽

Fatai Arolu

Keyword(s):

Sandy Soil ◽

Inorganic Fertilizer ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

Percentage Increase ◽

Triple Superphosphate ◽

Empty Fruit Bunches ◽

Leaching Experiments

A 45-day incubation and leaching experiments was conducted to determine the effect of different rates (0, 1, 2, 3, and 5 t ha−1) of enriched empty fruit bunches biochar (EEFB) and inorganic fertilizer (91 kg ha−1 triple superphosphate—TSP) on the availability and leaching losses of phosphorus from sandy soil (tin tailing soil). The treatments rates for the study were designated as T1—without fertilizer (control), T2—inorganic fertilizer treatment using TSP and T3, T4, T5, and T6, which refers to EEFB rate of 1, 2, 3, and 5 t ha−1, respectively. The enriched biochar was prepared by shaking biochar with chicken manure extract for 24 h. The addition of EEFB to the soils was found to increase pH of the soil compared to control and inorganic fertilizer treatment. After 45 days of incubation, the percentage increase in available P recorded in EEFB treatments were 1.6, 2.9, 2.8, and 4.1%, whereas for control treatment and inorganic fertilizer treatment, the available phosphorus was found to reduce by 10% and 83%, respectively. Loss of phosphorus via leaching in the soil was higher in EEFB treatments compared to control. However, the highest phosphorus leaching among all treatments in this study was recorded in inorganic fertilizer treatments. From the study, it was observed that biochar can be used to recapture phosphorus from chicken manure extract for transport to the soil, thereby reducing problems associated with chicken manure application.

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Application of Potassium Fertilizer and Chicken Coop Fertilizer Against Growth and Production of Shallots (Allium ascalanicum L.)

Nabatia ◽

10.21070/nabatia.v9i1.1454 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Andy Pradana ◽

Al Machfudz WDP

Keyword(s):

Growth Phase ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

Potassium Fertilizer ◽

Wet Weight ◽

Number Of Leaves

This study aims to determine the application of potassium fertilizer and chicken manure to the growth and production of shallots (Allium ascalanicum L.). The study used a randomized block design with 2 factors repeated 3 times. Factor 1: Potassium Fertilizer 40,60,80 kg/ha. Factor 2: Chicken Manure 5,10,15 tons/ha. The results showed that the application of potassium fertilizer and chicken manure did not interact with either the growth phase or the production phase of the plant on all observation variables, while the potassium fertilizer treatment showed significantly different results only on the plant vegetative growth parameters, namely the number of leaves at the age of 7 days after planting, namely ( 8,111 strands), while the vegetative phase had no significant effect on the number of tubers per clump, wet weight of tubers per clump, wet weight of tubers per plot, dry weight of sun-dried tubers per clump, and dry weight of sun-dried tubers per plot. While the treatment of chicken manure had a significant effect on the vegetative growth phase of plants, namely the length of plants at 28 DAP (30.278 cm) and 35 DAP (32.704 cm), on the number of leaves at 7 DAP (8,000 strands). While the generative phase (60 DAP) significantly affected the number of tubers per clump, namely (5,889 grams), wet weight of tubers per clump (38,333 grams), wet weight of tubers per plot (319,000 grams), dry weight of sun-dried tubers per clump. namely (23.074 grams), and the dry weight of sun-dried tubers per plot (191.889 grams).

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Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Garut (Maranta Arundinacea) Terhadap Pembumbunan dan Pemupukan Kalium

Agrotechnology Research Journal ◽

10.20961/agrotechresj.v1i1.18874 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Rahmawati Fitria ◽

Supriyono Supriyono ◽

Sudadi Sudadi

Keyword(s):

Plant Biomass ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

Potassium Fertilizer ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Two Factors ◽

Length Data

This research aims to determine the arrowroot responses on piling and potassium fertilizer application on its growth and yield. This research was conducted in Experiment Field of Agriculture Faculty SebelasMaret University at Sukosari, Jumantono, Karanganyar using Randomized Completed Block Design (RCBD) factorial with two factors of piling and potassium fertilization.There are 2 levels of piling, consists of without piling treatment (P0) and with in piling (P1).There are 3 levels of potassium fertilization consist of 250 kg ha-1 KCl, 300 kg ha-1 KCl, and 350 kg ha-1 KCl. Observation variable consist of plant height, leaf number, tiller number, biomass fresh weight per plant, biomass dry weight per plant, tuber numbers per plant, tuber weights per plant, tuber weights per plot, tuber diameter, and tuber length. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and if there is significant difference, continue with DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test) of 5% level. The result showed that treatment with in piling (P1) can tends to increase yield of arrowroot plant on tuber numbers per plant, tuber weights per plant, and tuber weights per plot. Potassium fertilizer treatment with 350 kg ha-1 dose KCl tends to increase at growth and yield in all variables except the tiller numbers.

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The Relationship between Components of Work Engagement and Organizational Commitment of Female Employees of University

International Journal of Human Resource Studies ◽

10.5296/ijhrs.v6i3.9689 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Fatemeh Forootan Eghlidi ◽

Fariba Karimi

Keyword(s):

Organizational Commitment ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Work Engagement ◽

Stepwise Regression ◽

Applied Research ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Study Population ◽

Female Employees ◽

The Relationship

Aim: The present research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between the components of work engagement and organizational commitment of female employees working at University of Isfahan. Methods: The type of the research was an applied research by purpose and a descriptive correlational-type research by nature. The study population consisted of female employees at University of Isfahan, 428 individuals, of whom 202 individuals were chosen as sample according to stratified random sampling fit for the size. The measuring instrument was a questionnaire about organizational commitment by Mowday el al and a questionnaire on work engagement by Shaufeli et al. In the analysis of the findings of the research, Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise regression, and multiple-way analysis of variance were used to examine the research hypotheses. Result: The results of the analyses indicated that correlation coefficient between work engagement and its components vigor (the desire for job), dedication, and absorption and organizational commitment is significant. Among the components of work engagement, dedication to work was the best predictor for organizational commitment. No significant difference was observed between opinions of respondents according to demographic factors concerning work engagement and organizational commitment. Conclusions: Manager implement professional standards and rules in organizations in order to maintain and promote the variables, provide employees with freedom of action and power in accordance with their duties and provide an intimate climate by involving them in decision makings

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The Effects of Micronutirents on Growth and Yield of Lowland Rice Grown on Typic Dystrudept Soil

Journal of Tropical Soils ◽

10.5400/jts.2019.v24i1.1-10 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Husnain Husnain ◽

Diah Setyorini ◽

Asmarhansyah Asmarhansyah ◽

Andriati Andriati

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Crop Production ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

Npk Fertilizers ◽

Standard Dosage ◽

Significant Difference

Fertilizers and fertilization technology have important roles in increasing crop production including lowland rice. In response to the issue, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of micronutrients on growth and yield of lowland rice. The experiment was carried out at Cihideung Ilir Village, Dermaga Sub-district, Bogor Regency from November 2015 until March 2016. The experiment consisted of 8 treatments, namely control (without fertilization), NPK-standard, NPK-standard + ¼ dosage of Hortigro Rice fertilizer, and ¾ NPK + ¼ until 11/4 dosages of Hortigro Rice fertilizer as a source of macronutrients N, P, K and micronutrients of Mn, Cu, Zn, B, and Mo. The treatments were arranged in a Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. Parameters observed during the research were plant height, tiller number, and yield of grain and straw of INPARI-32 lowland rice as crop indicator. The results showed that among other treatments, the highest plant height was resulted from the application of ¾ NPK-standard + ¼ Hortigro Rice, i.e. around 124 cm at 60 days after planting. The highest harvesting dry weight of grain and straw were observed in NPK-standard + 1/4 of Hortigro Rice fertilizer treatment, i.e. around 9.0 Mg ha-1 and 25.9 Mg ha-1, respectively. This yield showed a significant difference with ¾ NPK-standard combined with ¾ -11/4 dosages of Hortigro Rice. The highest dry weight of milled grains was resulted in the application of ¾ NPK-standard + 1/2 Hortigro Rice, i.e. around 7.3 Mg ha-1, which is significantly different from that in ¾ NPK-standard combined with 1.0 - 11/4 dosages of Hortigro Rice treatments, while the highest dry weight of straw was provided by NPK-standard, i.e. around 14.0 Mg ha-1. The highest dry weight of 1000 milled grains and ratio of dry weight of milled grain to straw were provided by ¾ NPK-standard + 1/2 Hortigro Rice around 32.0 gram and 0.63, respectively. The results indicated that the application of micronutrient fertilizer of Hortigro Rice in combination with NPK fertilizers can potentially increase lowland rice productivity due to the micronutrients content of Mn, Cu, Zn, B, and Mo in it.

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Aplikasi Beberapa Pupuk Organik tTerhadap Produksi, Kualitas Buah dDan EfisiensiAgronomi Melon di Tanah Gambut

Daun Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian dan Kehutanan ◽

10.33084/daun.v7i1.1605 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 33-49

Author(s):

Pienyani Rosawanti ◽

Nurul Hidayati ◽

Fahruddin Arfianto ◽

Djoko Eko Hadi Susilo

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Two Factors

This research aims to know the effect interaction of application of types and different dosage of organic fertilizers on production and fruit quality of melons on peatlands, effect of application of types and different dosage of organic fertilizers on production and fruit quality of melons on peatlands, and the agronomic efficiency of the use of several types and different dosage of organic fertilizers on production of melons on peatlands. This research design was used as a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consists of two factors with 4 replication. The first factor consisted of types of organic fertilizer (P) i.e. chicken manure (PA), guano manure (PG), and cow manure (PS). The second factor consisted of fertilizer dosage (D) i.e. 0 tons ha-1 (without fertilization, called control), D1 = 15 tons ha-1, D2 = 30 tons ha-1 and D3 = 45 tons ha-1. The data obtained by analysis of variance (ANOVA) or F test at a = 5% and 1% levels to determine the effect of treatment was tested further by HSD (honestly significant difference) testat the level of 5%. The result shows that the interaction type of organic fertilizer and the dosage of organic fertilizer treatment significant effect on the weight of the melon. Chicken manure is the best organic fertilizer on the size and quality of the melon. Dosage of 45 tons ha-1 organic fertilizer gave the highest results but it was not significantly different with a dosage of 30 tons ha-1. The use of chicken manure fertilizer of 30 tons ha-1 is more efficient in agronomy in increasing melons yield on peatlands.

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Soil Available Phosphorus Investigated for Spatial Distribution and Effect Indicators Resulting from Ecological Construction on the Loess Plateau, China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132212572 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (22) ◽

pp. 12572

Author(s):

Shengdong Cheng ◽

Ganggang Ke ◽

Zhanbin Li ◽

Yuting Cheng ◽

Heng Wu

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Loess Plateau ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Land Uses ◽

The Loess Plateau ◽

Small Catchment ◽

Soil Available Phosphorus ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Soil And Water

Soil phosphorus is a major determinant and indicator of soil fertility and quality, and is also a source of nonpoint-source pollution. In order to control soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau, a series of soil and water conservation measures have been taken, resulting in changes in land use and differences in spatial distribution. It is necessary to study soil available phosphorus (SAP) to evaluate land productivity and environmental quality. In this study, the spatial distribution of SAP in different land uses was investigated in a small catchment area of Loess Plateau, and the field-influencing factors were determined on five layers with soil depth of 20 cm. The results show the minimum and maximum SAP content occurred at 20–40 cm and 80–100 cm soil depth and reach a value of 27.26 mg/kg and 29.37 mg/kg at catchment scale, respectively. There is significant difference among the SAP of the five soil layers (p < 0.01). The SAP of different land uses is, in order: forestland < slope farmland < dam farmland < terrace < grassland. Different land uses’ topographies make a difference to the spatial distribution of SAP. Slope and soil texture are the domain factors influencing the SAP concentration at the catchment.

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Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Junggul (Crassocephalum crepidioides) terhadap Pemberian Berbagai Jenis Pupuk Kandang dan Kosentrasi Boron

Folium : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian ◽

10.33474/folium.v3i2.5086 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Saniman Saniman ◽

Mahayu Woro Lestari ◽

Sugiarto Sugiarto ◽

Siti Asmaniyah

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Cow Manure ◽

The Public ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Goat Manure ◽

The Tropics

One of the medicinal plants known to the public is the superior plant (crassocephalum crepidioides). This plant is a shrub that grows wild in the tropics and sub-tropics. The aim of the study was to determine the interaction between the type of manure and the concentration of boron and the effect of manure and boron concentration on the growth and quality of crassocephalum crepidioides. The method used is factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). Factor 1 is manure namely Po = No Fertilizer, P1 = Chicken Manure 50 gr/Polybag, P2 = Goat Manure 50 gr/Polybag and P3 = Cow Manure 50 gr/Polybaq. The recommended dosage used is 20 tons / ha. Factor 2 is giving Boron namely Bo = No Boron, B1 = 50 ppm / L, B2 = 100 ppm / L and B3 = 150 ppm/L. Analysis of variance (Test F) with a level of 5% and a follow-up test with Honest Real Difference (BNJ) level of 5%. The results of the type of cow manure (P3) gave a significant effect on the number of branches (8.11 branches), leaf area (1810.08 cm2), and trimmed dry weight of tanman (9.57 g) for cow manure (P3) and ( 6.27 g) for goat manure (P3). The treatment of giving Boron does not show a significant difference in the growth and yield of juntung plants.

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Electroencephalogram variability analysis for monitoring depth of anesthesia

Journal of Neural Engineering ◽

10.1088/1741-2552/ac3316 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yi-Feng Chen ◽

Shou-Zen Fan ◽

Maysam F Abbod ◽

Jiann-Shing Shieh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Permutation Entropy ◽

Time Interval ◽

Detection Accuracy ◽

Median Frequency ◽

Depth Of Anesthesia ◽

Spectral Edge Frequency ◽

Significance Level ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract In this paper, a new approach of extracting and measuring the variability in electroencephalogram (EEG) was proposed to assess the depth of anesthesia (DOA) under general anesthesia. The EEG variability (EEGV) was extracted as a fluctuation in time interval that occurs between two local maxima of EEG. Eight parameters related to EEGV were measured in time and frequency domains, and compared with state-of-the-art DOA estimation parameters, including sample entropy, permutation entropy, median frequency and spectral edge frequency of EEG. The area under the receiver-operator characteristics curve (AUC) and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to validate its performance on 56 patients. Our proposed EEGV-derived parameters yield significant difference for discriminating between awake and anesthesia stages at a significance level of 0.05, as well as improvement in AUC and correlation coefficient on average, which surpasses the conventional features of EEG in detection accuracy of unconscious state and tracking the level of consciousness. To sum up, EEGV analysis provides a new perspective in quantifying EEG and corresponding parameters are powerful and promising for monitoring DOA under clinical situations.

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Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Pokem (Pennisetum americanum L.) pada Berbagai Tingkat Dosis Pupuk Kotoran Ayam

Agrotek ◽

10.30862/agt.v3i2.570 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nelce Baransano ◽

Saraswati Prabawardani ◽

Florentina H. Listyorini

Keyword(s):

Cost Effective ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Staple Food ◽

Pennisetum Americanum ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Weight Number ◽

Plot Design

Pokem (Pennisetum�americanum L.) is a crop that has high content of carbohydrate. It grows widely at Numfor Biak of Papua. This crop could be an alternative staple food in order to enhance food security through food diversification program. The objective of the research was to examine the influence of chicken manure on the growth and yield of pokem. The research was done at Kebun Percobaan Fapertek UNIPA Manokwari for three months from October to December 2009. It used random plot design with four level treatments of chicken manure dose; they are 0 g/crop (N1), 250 g/crop, 375 g/crop (N2) and 500 g/crop (N3). The result showed that application of chicken manure had a significant influence on the growth and yield of pokem. Plant height, shoot dry weight, number of seedling, and grains weight were high under pokem that had manure fertilizer compared to unfertilizer crop. Chicken manure could increase grains yield. The higher yield were found at N3 treatment (500 g/crop), yet it had not a significant difference with N1 and N2 treatments. It suggested to use 250 g/crop dose of chiken manure, as it was more cost-effective.

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