Regional Differences in Intelligence and Personality in the Russian Federation and their Social and Demographic Correlates

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-271
Author(s):  
Konstantin Sugonyaev ◽  
Andrei Grigoriev ◽  
Richard Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
The Russian Federation

Cross-Sectional Study to Estimate the Prevalence of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Selected Regions of the Russian Federation: Relevance, Design of the Study and Initial Characteristics of the Participants

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
A. N. Meshkov ◽  
A. I. Ershova ◽  
S. A. Shalnova ◽  
A. S. Alieva ◽  
S. S. Bazhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation

Aim. To study the prevalence of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), the characteristics of the clinical features and treatment of the disease in selected regions of the Russian Federation, this article describes the design and initial characteristics of patients included in the study.Material and methods. The study participants were selected among those included in the study “Epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases in the regions of the Russian Federation” (ESSE-RF) in different regions of the Russian Federation. The study included individuals with lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels >4.9 mmol/l or LDL-C levels >1.8 mmol/l, but ≤4.9 mmol/l during statin therapy, according to the data obtained in the ESSE-RF study. These persons are invited for examination and questioning by experts in the field of FH diagnostics. On the basis of the survey data and provided medical documentation, the following information is collected: age, sex, smoking status, presence of hypertension, history of coronary artery disease, stroke, atherosclerosis of cerebral and peripheral arteries, LDL-C level, type, volume and duration of lipid-lowering therapy throughout life, presence and dates of secondary causes of hyperlipidemia, information about the family history of development of early cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerotic diseases, increased levels of LDL-C in relatives of the 1st and 2nd degree of kinship. All patients are examined for the presence of tendon xanthomas (Achilles, metacarpal, elbow, knee tendons) and Corneal arcus. During the visit, blood is taken for subsequent biobanking, measurement of current blood lipid levels, elimination of secondary forms of hypercholesterolemia (for subsequent determination of liver enzymes, thyroid stimulating hormone) and genetic testing. The diagnosis of FH is based on Dutch Lipid Clinical Network Criteria (DLCN). Besides, all participants in the study are tested for compliance with the diagnosis of FH according to Simon Broome criteria. All patients with a definite or probable diagnosis of FH according to DLCN or Simon Broome criteria are subjected to ultrasound examination of carotid, femoral arteries and heart and molecular genetic testing for LDLR, APOB and PCSK9 gene variants.Results. Out of 16 360 participants of the ESSE-RF study in 10 regions, 1787 people (10,9%) met the criteria for inclusion in this study. Among them, men accounted for 35.4%, of which 1150 (7%) patients had a LDL-C level >4.9 mmol/l and 637 (3,9%) had a LDL-C level from 1,81 mmol/l to 4.9 mmol/l during lipid-lowering therapy. When compared to the original cohorts of participants from the 10 regions as compared to 3 previously surveyed regions and selected sub-groups within these cohorts we observed significant differences in several parameters such as age, total cholesterol level, triglycerides, LDL-C, the frequency of cardiovascular diseases, that may indicate regional differences in FH prevalence.Conclusion. The analysis of clinical data of the participants of the ESSE-RF study shows that more than 10% of individuals require an additional examination to verify the FH diagnosis, and regional differences in the FH prevalence are possible.

scholarly journals Regulation of inter-regional differences of the Russian Federation regions in the context of national projects «Healthcare» and «Demography»

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nail M. Gabdullin ◽  
Igor A. Kirshin ◽  
Aleksey V. Shulaev
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
The State ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation

The subject of the study is the inter-regional differences in the state of public health and the demographic situation in the Russian Federation regions. The theoretical aspect of the subject is determined by the development of priorities of the Russian healthcare development strategy aimed at alignment of regional differences in the levels of healthcare development in the Russian Federation regions. The empirical aspect of the subject is to identify interregional differences in the state of public health and the demographic situation in the Russian Federation regions by using the EM cluster analysis method (Expectation Maximization). The method was implemented in the integrated development environment RStudio. The official statistics from Rosstat for the period 2014–2018 were used as the initial dataset. The purpose of the study is justifying the regulation of inter-regional differences of the Russian Federation regions. As a result of clustering, nine homogeneous clusters of the Russian Federation regions were identified. The main characteristics of the formed clusters are determined. Among the priorities of the RF healthcare development strategy are as follows: implementation of a unified tariff policy in the system of compulsory medical insurance; ensuring the balance of territorial compulsory medical insurance programs within the framework of the basic programme of compulsory medical insurance through financial security based on a single per capita standard; development of telemedicine, providing prompt remote consultation of leading experts in the provision of medical care, regardless of the territorial location of the patient and the doctor; ensuring the implementation of distance education courses and continuing education programs for medical workers; rationalization of the distribution of resources and capacities of medical organizations based on a three-tier system of medical care; development of regional public health centres. The results of this study can be used to develop federal and territorial programs for socioeconomic development, formulate a strategy for the development of healthcare at macro- and meso- levels, and optimize decisions of regional authorities regarding population policy.

scholarly journals Effects of digital transformation of the economy and quality of life in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-71
Author(s):  
Galina P. Litvintseva ◽  
Ilya N. Karelin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
The Real ◽  
Regional Index ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Per Capita

This paper deals with the process of digital transformation, its effects and their distribution in the regional aspect. The research is an attempt to define the influence of digital factors on the main indicator of people’s wealth (gross domestic product per capita) considering regional and temporal differences during the period from 2015 to 2018 in the regions of the Russian Federation. The digital component of people’s quality of life is defined based on the Russian regional index (digital index). To estimate the effects, panel data models were used to show the relationships between the parameters in space and time simultaneously for the period from 2015 to 2018. The econometric models surved as a tool for evaluating: 1) influence of the digital index on the real GRP per capita; 2) its influence on the real GRP per capita considering temporal and regional differences. To specify regional differences, digital inequality in the districts and subjects of the Russian Federation was considered. The research findings showed that the Russian regional index of digital component of people’s quality of life grew by 0.051 during the years 2015–2018. Regional factors strongly affect the impact of this index on real GRP per capita. The number of regions with negative corrected elasticity ratios (adjusted appropriately for differences in regions and period) decreased by 5. Variation ratio of the digital index decreased by 10.2%. Compared to the rest of the Russian federal districts, Ural and Northern Caucasus ones demonstrate higher digital inequality. In general, the positive impact of digitalization is identified for economically developed and rich regions of Russia, while for less developed regions, this impact could entail digital risks.

scholarly journals Ecological Scarcity Method: Adaptation and Implementation for Different Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Grinberg ◽  
Robert Ackermann ◽  
Matthias Finkbeiner
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Transformation Rules ◽  
Single Score ◽  
The Russian Federation

Abstract The Ecological Scarcity Method is one of the methods for impact assessment in LCA. It enables to express different environmental impacts in single score units, eco-points. Such results are handy for decision-makers in policy or enterprises to improve environmental management. So far this method is mostly used in the country of its origin, Switzerland. Eco-factors derive from the national conditions. For other countries sometimes it is impossible to calculate all ecofactors. The solution of the problem is to create a set of transformation rules. The rules should take into account the regional differences, the level of society development, the grade of scarcity and other factors. The research is focused on the creation of transformation rules between Switzerland, Germany and the Russian Federation in case of GHG emissions.

scholarly journals Sociological Research on Russian Pupils’ Financial Literacy as an Element of Project Management of Russian Students’ Financial Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Alexander Georgievich Tyurikov ◽  
Yuriy Alekseevich Korablin ◽  
Pavel Viktorovich Razov ◽  
Mikhail Viktorovich Kibakin ◽  
Semen Yurievich Bogatyrev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Mortgage Lending ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Russian Federation

One of the differentiating characteristics and the main goal of this study has been to empirically study the financial literacy of modern Russian pupils and to determine their attitude to the problem of financial literacy in their everyday life. In order to solve the above goals, a set of sociological methods has been used, including a mass face-to-face survey of pupils from most regions of the country, a mass face-to-face online survey of students studying at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, in Moscow departments and departments of the regional branch network, an expert survey in regions of the Russian Federation, a content analysis of key electronic databases, e.g., the Russian State Library, the Library of Dissertations and Abstracts, the eLIBRARY.RU Scientific Electronic Library, a webometric analysis of more than 1,500 official websites of Russian regions on the problems under study, including the Usability and Visibility analysis. The authors have made some unique conclusions. Thus, more than ¾ of the modern youth understand the importance of financial literacy as an instrument to achieve their goals, and the goals demanded by the modern society. The main ones are to obtain education, to create a family, to achieve success in their career and professional growth, to establish their own business, etc. One important conclusion is as follows: the prospects for the use of deposits by today’s pupils, mortgage lending, leasing, and participation in mutual investment funds (MIFs) have a number of fundamental regional differences. Moreover, these regional differences among pupils as potential investors may be demanded by modern commercial financial and credit organizations for preparing promising medium-term development plans for their regional branches.

scholarly journals SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS FOR GEOSTRATEGIC TERRITORIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Viktor Blanutsa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Economic Convergence ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Development Prospects

By analyzing the “Strategy for the Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the Period until 2025" the study aimed to verify the correspondence between the distribution of promising economic specializations by region, the location of promising centers of economic growth, the formation of macro-regions, and the prioritized position of geostrategic territories. To execute that the territory of Russia was divided into two zones. Based on the Strategy content, it was required to prove that the development of the first zone had a priority. The study’s theoretical basis was the concept of economic convergence. Based on a combination of promising specializations, their diversity, macro-regions, and the localization of growth centers four research hypotheses were formulated. A quantitative measure of interregional differences in the combination of promising specializations was proposed, an algorithm for combining neighboring regions into groups was developed, and corresponding calculations were carried out. As a result, all hypotheses were rejected as erroneous and four alternative hypotheses were accepted. The latter ones allowed the conclusion that there was no prioritized development for specific geostrategic regions. Therefore, the state policy of spatial development in the future will not lead to accelerated development of geostrategic territories and to the smoothing of inter-regional differences in Russia.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS AND PRIORITY AREAS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROPERTY TAX SECTOR OF INDIVIDUALS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Elena Minaeva ◽  
Ekaterina Maslyukova ◽  
Zinaida Proskurina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article provides a comparative analysis of tax revenues of individuals and legal entities in the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that taxes paid by individuals occupy one of the leading places along with such taxes as corporate income tax, VAT and other taxes and fees. In the course of studying the structure of property tax receipts of individuals in the context of the federal districts of the Russian Federation, the factors influencing regional differences in their payment were identified. Despite the established positive dynamics of tax revenues from individuals, the main problems that taxpayers face when paying transport, land tax and property tax of individuals were identified. The article proposes directions for improving the taxation of individuals on the territory of the Russian Federation in order to increase the efficiency of their calculation and collection.

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