scholarly journals Assessment of the Potential Use of Shallow Geothermal Energy Source for Air Heating and Cooling in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ouzzane ◽  
M. T. Naqash ◽  
O. Harireche
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Shallow Geothermal Energy ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Air Circulation

A large part of the total energy consumption in buildings in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (K.S.A.), is devoted to air cooling. This leads to high electricity costs for residents and a high amount of equivalent CO2 emissions. The work presented in this paper aims at evaluating and applying shallow geothermal energy for cooling and heating to reduce cost and environmental issues in the Kingdom. The system is based on the earth-air heat exchanger (EAHE) equipped with an air circulation fan. In this study, six cities have been selected; Madinah city, where our university is located, and five other cities representing five different climatic zones. A new parameter called “geothermal percentage” is proposed to calculate the ratio of geothermal energy to the cooling/heating total load. It has been shown that the proposed system covers part of the cooling load and the total heating needs for almost all the country’s territory. However, both heating and cooling needs can be fulfilled by the EAHE for few cities such as Guriiat and Khamis, characterized by a moderate climate.

Modeling Neighborhood-Scale Shallow Geothermal Energy Utilization - A Case Study in Berlin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Chen ◽  
Jakob Randow ◽  
Katrin Lubashevsky ◽  
Steve Thiel ◽  
Tom Reinhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Shallow Geothermal Energy ◽  
Neighborhood Scale ◽  
Set Up

<p>Nowadays, utilizing shallow geothermal energy for heating and cooling buildings has received increased interest in the energy market. Among different technologies, large borehole heat exchanger (BHE) arrays are widely employed to supply heat to various types of buildings and districts. Recently, a 16-BHE array was constructed to extract shallow geothermal energy to provide heat to the newly-developed public building in Berlin. According to the previous geological survey, different non-homogeneous sedimentary layers exist in the subsurface, with variating groundwater permeabilities and thermal parameters. To estimate the performance of the BHE array system, and its sensitivity to different subsurface conditions, as well as to determine its thermal impact to the surrounding area, a comprehensive 3D numerical model has been set up according to the Berlin BHE array project. The model is simulated for 25 years with two finite element simulators, the open source code software OpenGeoSys (OGS) and the well-known commercial software FEFLOW. In the model, an annual thermal load curve is assigned to each BHE according to the real monthly heating demand. Although the way of the implementing parameters in the two programs differs from each other and some assumptions had to be made in the model comparison, the comparison result shows that both OpenGeoSys and FEFLOW produce in good agreement. Different parameters, e.g. the Darcy velocity, the thermal dispersivity of the aquifer, the surface temperature and the geothermal heat flux are investigated with respect to their impact on the underground and BHE circulation temperature. At last, the computed underground temperature and the brine fluid temperature evolution from OGS is benchmarked with the results from the model simulated in FEFLOW. The numerical experiments show that the the ground water field has the strongest influence on the brine fluid temperature within the BHEs. When the thermal dispersivity of the aquifer is considered, the mixing effect in the aquifer leads to a higher brine fluid temperature in the BHE, indicating a better thermal recharge of the system.</p>

Potential of geothermal energy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (15) ◽  
pp. 2238-2243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayhan Demirbas ◽  
Hisham Alidrisi ◽  
Waqar Ahmad ◽  
Manzoor H. Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia

Nasser'S Pan-Arab Radicalism and the Saudi Drive for Islamic Solidarity: A Response for Security

1992 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Noor Ahmad Baba
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
World War ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All

Post World War-II era has witnessed great upheavals of far-reaching social, political and economic consequences, overtaking almost all regions of the World. This changed the very context of international relations in these areas. West Asian region dominated by conservative monarchies under varying degrees of western colonial influences, could not escape this all pervading currents of change especially since the late 40s and early 50s. A series of developments in a quick succession changed the very patterns of relationships in the region and shook the very foundations of the conservative regimes there.1 One of the prominent regime that felt threatned and survived by successfully responding to the situation, is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the most potent threat that it had to confront with was the post 1952 revolution in Egypt

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Shallow Geothermal Potential for Heating and Cooling and Its Integration in the Socioeconomic Environment: A Case Study in the Region of Murcia, Spain

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5740
Author(s):  
Adela Ramos-Escudero ◽  
M. Socorro García-Cascales ◽  
Javier F. Urchueguía
Keyword(s):  
Specific Heat ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Heat Extraction ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Shallow Geothermal Energy ◽  
The Cost

In order to boost the use of shallow geothermal energy, reliable and sound information concerning its potential must be provided to the public and energy decision-makers, among others. To this end, we developed a GIS-based methodology that allowed us to estimate the resource, energy, economic and environmental potential of shallow geothermal energy at a regional scale. Our method focuses on closed-loop borehole heat exchanger systems, which are by far the systems that are most utilized for heating and cooling purposes, and whose energy demands are similar throughout the year in the study area applied. The resource was assessed based on the thermal properties from the surface to a depth of 100 m, considering the water saturation grade of the materials. Additionally, climate and building characteristics data were also used as the main input. The G.POT method was used for assessing the annual shallow geothermal resource and for the specific heat extraction (sHe) rate estimation for both heating and, for the first time, for cooling. The method was applied to the Region of Murcia (Spain) and thematic maps were created with the outputting results. They offer insight toward the thermal energy that can be extracted for both heating and cooling in (MWh/year) and (W/m); the technical potential, making a distinction over the climate zones in the region; the cost of the possible ground source heat pump (GSHP) installation, associated payback period and the cost of producing the shallow geothermal energy; and, finally, the GHG emissions savings derived from its usage. The model also output the specific heat extraction rates, which are compared to those from the VDI 4640, which prove to be slightly higher than the previous one.

scholarly journals Development and testing of a novel geothermal wall system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Baralis ◽  
Marco Barla
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Shallow Geothermal Energy ◽  
Heating Mode ◽  
Existing Structure ◽  
Wall System

AbstractShallow geothermal energy systems have the potential to contribute to the decarbonization of heating and cooling demands of buildings. These systems typically present drawbacks as high initial investments and occupancy of wide areas. In this study, a novel energy wall system is proposed to overcome the limitations of conventional geothermal applications in urban areas. The system is characterized by ease of installation, low initial costs and applicability to existing buildings undergoing energy retrofitting. The paper illustrates the implementation of the prototype of such a system to an existing structure in Torino (Italy). An overview of the components is given together with the interpretation of an illustrative test carried out in heating mode. The data from both heating and cooling experimental campaigns allow us to highlight the potential of the proposed technology. The results suggest that an average thermal power of about 17 W per unit area can be exchanged with the ground in heating mode, while an average of 68 W per unit area is exchanged in cooling operations. The negligible impact on the stress–strain state of the wall and the surrounding soil thermal and hygrometric regime is also testified by the results collected. These aspects are associated with a reduced probability of interferences with other installations in highly urbanized areas, easiness of installation and affordable cost.

scholarly journals Shallow geothermal energy in Denmark

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Thomas Vangkilde-Pedersen ◽  
Claus Ditlefsen ◽  
Anker Lajer Højberg
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Know How ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Shallow Geothermal Energy

The use of shallow geothermal energy instead of fossil fuels can lead to substantial reductions in CO2 emissions. However, the use of shallow geothermal energy in Denmark is limited compared to, e.g. Sweden and Germany and we still lack know-how and experience with its use in Denmark. In co-operation with research and industry partners, the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland is conducting a three-year project GeoEnergy, Tools for ground-source heating and cooling based on closed-loop boreholes (www.geoenergi.org). The objective of the project is to acquire knowledge and develop tools and best practice for the design and installation of shallow geothermal energy systems.

scholarly journals Shallow Geothermal Potential Impact on the Energy Transition. A Case Study Region of Murcia, Spain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Ramos-Escudero ◽  
Isabel C. Gil-Garcia ◽  
M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales ◽  
Angel Molina-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Shallow Geothermal Energy

Nowadays, it can be assured that climate change represents an environmental danger for the planet with irreparable and unpredictable consequences in case both gas emissions as well as fossil fuel dependency does not go down. Population growth and its increasingly concentration in the cities turn these areas into a major consumer of energy, mainly due to the residential and service sector in order to meet the heating and cooling demand. In this scenario of taking advanced of renewable local resources shallow geothermal energy is presented as a renewable resource that can contribute to meet this demand with high energy and gas emissions savings. In this context, this work shows the art-of-state of the energy transition to a renewable energy society in Spain by means of the use of shallow geothermal energy. It proposes a procedure to transform the current fossil fuel consumption into renewable heating and cooling by the use of Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHP). The methodology used is based on Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and is applied in Murcia Region, Spain. Positive results concerning gas savings emissions are expected converting shallow geothermal energy as an energy transition ally.

An Assessment Methodology of Shallow Geothermal Energy Projects

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Shuang ◽  
Li Xiangyu ◽  
Gao Yu ◽  
Tang Wendi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Heat Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Shallow Geothermal Energy ◽  
Theoretical And Numerical Analysis

Combination of theoretical and numerical analysis, an assessment approach of shallow geothermal energy project is proposed. A case study on Chongqing is carried out to verify the methods. According to the theoretical calculation, the heat transfer power per meter of typical boreholes in Chongqing is 40 W/m for cooling and 50 W/m for heating. The numerical model of 100m borehole heat exchanger (BHE) of ground sourced heat pump (GSHP) system is built, two sets of heating and cooling loads are input to calculate the ground thermal response, the results show that the thermal unbalance ratio equals to 1.5 would ensure the safe and reliable long time operation of GSHP system. By comparing the single and group borehole model, the heat transfer efficiency of BHE is not influenced by adjacent boreholes with 6m drilling spacing, the temperature distribution among boreholes almost uniform after a year running, however, the increase of cumulative temperature of the ground reaches 2.2°C after five years running.

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