scholarly journals Voicing The Silences: Women In Contemporary Pakistani Fiction In English

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Sadaf Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
Social Positioning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Feudal Lord ◽  
Female Characterization ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Historical Discourses

Indigenous women of Pakistan have long been struggling with the patriarchal norms. Categorization of their existence in the conventional oppressions connotes diversified victimization. Grappling with such assorted repressions and articulating the subsequent silences, women writers of Pakistan and the social activists are incessantly engaged to empower women from societal peripheries. The selected fiction exposes how the indigenous woman is controlled and exploited on the name of religio-cultural rhetoric. The present article outlines the historical developments in changing the social positioning of women after independence by highlighting the urgency of raising women consciousness in the academic sphere to form an alliance for collective identity. This article evaluates Ice Candy Man (1988), My Feudal Lord (1994) and Trespassing (2003) to explore the changing images of indigenous Pakistani women after partition. It aims to highlight the struggle and resistance of female characters against the patriarchal propriety of Pakistani society. The study is significant to highlight the struggles of women writers to articulate the silences of assorted exploitation buried under the hegemony of socio-historical discourses. The study concludes that through female characterization the women writers organize specific academic movement of awakening that provides situational analysis to relate with the turbulences of the fictional world to correspond the real challenges.

Koranlektüre-Kurse für „Intellektuelle“ in Dakar, Senegal: religiöse Erwachsenenbildung in frankophonen Mittelschichtsmilieus

Sociologus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-179
Author(s):  
Nadine Sieveking
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Effective Time ◽  
Secular Education ◽  
Social Positioning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Arabic Speaking

Seit 2015 werden in Dakar Koranlektürekurse von einer Organisation angeboten, die verspricht, mittels einfacher und effizienter Methoden die Fähigkeiten zum eigenständigen Lesen des Korans innerhalb von drei Monaten zu vermitteln. Diese kostenpflichtigen Kurse sind auf eine spezielle Zielgruppe in frankophonen urbanen Bildungsmilieus zugeschnitten, die als „Intellektuelle“ bezeichnet wird. Der Artikel untersucht den Erfolg der Kurse und die soziale Positionierung der Beteiligten, die sich aus arabophonen (Lehrende) und frankophonen (Lernende) Bildungsgruppen rekrutieren. Letzteren wurde nach der Unabhängigkeit ein exklusiver Status als nationale Bildungselite zugeschrieben, der durch anhaltende Islamisierungsprozesse ‚von unten‘ zunehmend in Frage gestellt wird. Die Analyse zeigt, dass die Kurse dazu beitragen, die symbolischen Grenzen zwischen francisants und arabisants abzubauen und den frankophonen Teilnehmenden helfen, einen sozialen Status aufrecht zu erhalten, der respektable Modernität verkörpert. Eine wichtige Rolle für den Erfolg der Kurse spielen außerdem das effektive Zeitmanagement, die pädagogischen Methoden sowie die bürokratischen, räumlichen und materiellen Organisationsstrukturen, die dem Habitus der in säkularen, modernen Bildungssystemen sozialisierten Zielgruppe entsprechen. Qur’an Reading Courses for “Intellectuals” in Dakar, Senegal: Religious Adult Education in Francophone Middle Class Milieus Since 2015, a certain type of Quran reading course has been offered in Dakar. With their simple but efficient methods, these courses promise attendees the ability to read the Quran within three months. They are subject to fees and target a specific social group, identified as “intellectuals” and located within francophone educated urban milieus. The article examines the success of these courses and the social positioning of its participants, who are drawn from Arabic-speaking (teachers) and francophone (students) educated groups. Since Senegal’s independence, the latter have been ascribed an exclusive status as the national educated elite – a status that is increasingly questioned in ongoing Islamization processes ‘from below’. The analysis shows that the courses contribute to a weakening of the symbolic boundaries between francisants and arabisants and help the participants to reinforce a social status that embodies notions of respectable modernity. The specific method and pedagogy of the courses also play an important role in their success, as do their effective time management, their bureaucratic structures, and their spatial and material conditions, since these all correspond to the habitus of the target group whose members have been socialized within modern secular education systems.

The gender politics of ‘bluestocking philosophy’

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ann Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Gender Politics ◽  
Public Intellectuals ◽  
Public Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Single Voice

This chapter discusses the gender politics of ‘bluestocking philosophy’. The idea of a single, unified conceptualization of what constituted a bluestocking and what was understood as a bluestocking philosophy is somewhat misleading, as the idea of a single voice emerging from this group is almost a contradiction in terms. What can be identified is who made up the bluestocking circles and what they aspired to be and to do. Elizabeth Montagu was a central figure in the development of bluestocking circles and, along with Elizabeth Vesey and Frances Boscawen, helped to forge a public identity for women public intellectuals through Montagu's own scholarship as well as her support for other women writers. The early bluestocking circles were not established as a vehicle for promoting equity or women's rights, or even rights of citizenship. However, they played an important role in the second half of the 18th century in entrenching cultural and social transformation into the social system. In addition, they ‘played a crucial role in a widening and defining of women's social roles in the eighteenth century’.

scholarly journals Ethiopian and Eritrean Immigrants in Britain

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Campbell ◽  
Solomon Afework
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Policy Context ◽  
Immigrant Settlement ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Refugee Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Aspects

This paper explores key aspects of the immigrant experience of 50,000-plus Ethiopians and Eritreans who live in the United Kingdom. We seek to understand the extent to which immigrant life in the UK has acted ‘as a kind of pivot’ between integrating in their country of settlement and enduring forms of connection with their country of origin. This question is explored by an examination of immigrant organising in the UK – in Refugee Community Organisations – and through interviews about their life in the UK and evolving ideas about self-identity. We argue for an open-ended approach to understand immigrants which sidesteps assumptions about forms of collective identity and which asks how the social and policy context has affected immigrant settlement and integration in the UK.

scholarly journals La construcción discursiva de la identidad andaluza y la reproducción de la memoria colectiva en la serie La respuesta está en la historia / The Discursive Construction of Andalusian Identity and Collective Memory Play in the Series the Answer Lies in History

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Fleissner
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Television Series ◽  
The Social

ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the discoursive representation of andalusian collective identity and memory in the television series “La respuesta está en la historia”. I will reflect the theoretical approach of the social construction of identities and I will use the methodology of the critical discourse analysis to identify, classify and explore the basic discoursive strategies that are reproduced by the television series.RESUMENEl propósito general de este estudio es analizar la construcción discursiva de las representaciones de la identidad social y de la memoria colectiva de los andaluces en la serie “La respuesta está en la Historia”. Reflejando las explicaciones teóricas de la construcción de la identidad y los conceptos de la memoria colectiva, y usando la perspectiva teórico-metodológica del análisis crítico del discurso identifico, clasifico y exploro las principales estrategias discursivas usadas en el programa.

scholarly journals Les Midinettes Révolutionnaires

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Fee
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Film Culture ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
French Film ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fan Letters

In their quest for official and cultural recognition, French First Wave critics such as Louis Delluc discursively positioned the working-class female cinemagoer as emblematic of the sorry state of unsophisticated French film audiences. From this discourse came the stereotype of the starry-eyed midinette, which is still used by French film critics to describe lowbrow film taste and an overly emotional mode of spectatorship. This essay attempts to reconstruct the social practice of cinemagoing among the midinettes of 1920s working-class Paris by focusing on the female fans of the serial Les deux gamines (1921). Both a critique of intellectual cinephilia as a cultural discourse and a geographically specific retrieval of the multiple ways in which socioeconomically and culturally marginalized audiences interacted with the cinema, this historical study repositions young women from working-class neighborhoods as key actors in film culture—fans, but also social activists. Through a study of disparate, unpublished archival material, including fan letters, film programs, and announcements in the leftist press, this essay attends to the social realities of a number of female film fans in Montmartre and grounds their spectatorship spatially within their local communities.

Creating Transnational Solidarity: The Use of Narrative in the U.S.-Central America Peace Movement

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Nepstad
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Social Ontology ◽  
Peace Movement ◽  
Central American ◽  
Transnational Social Movements ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transnational Solidarity ◽  
The U.S

As social problems become increasingly global, activists are working across state boundaries and forming transnational social movements. However, there is little information that illuminates how groups are able to overcome ethnic, class, ideological and cultural differences that could be obstacles to collaboration. Through an analysis of the story of Salvadoran martyr Archbishop Romero, I demonstrate how this narrative fostered solidarity between the progressive Central American church and U.S. Christians. By symbolically mirroring the social ontology of Christianity and melodramatically presenting the Salvadoran conflict with moral clarity, Romero's life story facilitated the construction of a transnational collective identity and provided a model of action. The moral credibility of the narrators, and the context in which Romero's story was told, influenced many Christians' decision to prioritize this religious identity over their national allegiance.

Global Motivations to Cam

Camming ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 87-108
Author(s):  
Angela Jones
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Alternative Mode ◽  
Social Positioning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unbearable Pain ◽  
Selling Sex

This chapter explores the motivations for selling sex online. A desire to earn decent wages motivates workers to become cam models. The social conditions that create these economic urgencies are vital for understanding their choice to cam. Context conditions the costs of the resources we need to survive, and our identities and social positioning in various overlapping systems of oppression shape our access to those resources. Cam performers are not engaged in a political struggle to overthrow capitalist labor. They are capitalists. However, their work does have the potential to crack capitalism and the various systems of oppression that cause people unbearable pain. Cam workers’ performances challenge systems of oppression designed to deprive women, people of color, trans and genderqueer folks, and people with disabilities a public space in which to live, work, and find joy. Performers publicly disrupt acceptable modes of sexuality and pleasure every day. Even though camming will never deliver Marxist liberation to workers, the camming industry is a new alternative mode of labor in which workers seek to reconcile work with dignity and pleasure. Work sucks, and cam performers, like so many workers, want to escape alienation and lead pleasurable lives.

About benefits and harms of rewriting history. One of the topics of contemporary historical discourses: philosophical analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol - (2) ◽  
pp. 142-164
Author(s):  
Roman Zimovets
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Identity Transformation ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rewriting History ◽  
Historical Discourses ◽  
Global Communications

When we talk about historical revisionism, negative connotations as a rule are prevailing. Prohibition of revision of certain historical interpretation and assessment is one of the tasks of historical policy which is carried out by adopting so-called «memorial laws». Taking care of the formation of the desired representations of the past (narratives) is directly related to the interests of institutionalized power in its own stabilization and strengthening. Power is a function of the community, whose identity is formed historically. Consolidation of collective identity through the support and reproduction of common representations of the past is one of the tools to strengthen power. At the same time, the very nature of human experience acquisition which is permanent mediation of the horizon of the past and the present, presuppose a reinterpretation of this past. Major shifts in the experience of generations, which occur as a result of certain social changes, lead to a new look at the past of the community. In this sense, rethinking and rewriting history becomes necessary to clarify, update, rationalize the collective identity, which is problematized by new experience. Historical policy can both respond to this need for identity transformation through re- thinking representations of one’s own past and come into conflict with it. In the latter case, the narratives transferring by institutional power begin to conflict with the communicative memory of the generation experiencing a shift. One of the tools of self-preservation of power in this situation is blocking of living historical experience, which can take various forms. The culmination of such a blockade is «hermetization» of historical time that take place in totalitarian state. The living historicity of experience, which requires a constant rethinking of one’s own historically inherited identity, is replaced by an artificial, time-frozen identity, which, precisely because of this nature, becomes fragile and doomed to destruction. On the other hand, the rewriting of history initiated by the authorities within the framework of historical policy may face resistance to the representations of the past rooted in the communicative and cultural memory. The resistance of historical narratives indicates that the collective memory and the identity founded in it are not only a power construct, but also a spontaneous layering of sediments of historical experience. In today’s world of global communications and unified everyday practices, historical narratives are beginning to play an increasing role, as they remain the only seat of identity. At the same time, this process reinforces the conflict potential of communities, which can be observed in many examples of the revival of historically motivated political ambitions. In this situation, a critical clarification of various interpretations of the past becomes a means of rationalizing the historically inherited identity of communities as a necessary condition for intercultural dialogue.

Women Who Will—Do

2018 ◽  
pp. 106-131
Author(s):  
Ashley Andrews Lear
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Shared Interest ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ellen Glasgow ◽  
Cruelty To Animals

“Women Who Will—Do” catalogues the nonfiction writings by Ellen Glasgow and Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings that detail their shared interest in social activism. Many of these writings were included in the material collected by Rawlings for the Glasgow biography or shared in correspondences between the two women writers. This chapter focuses on Rawlings’s interest in conservationism and Glasgow’s work with the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA). Both women found ways to use their fame and wealth to influence others about the social issues they supported.

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