scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Bell Pepper Fruits, as Related to the Development of its Harvesting Robot

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Omokaro IDAMA ◽  
Hilary UGURU ◽  
Ovie Isaac AKPOKODJE
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Natural Position ◽  
Failure Energy ◽  
Locule Number ◽  
Study Results

Adequate knowledge of the mechanical properties of fruits is required for the optimization of fruits harvesting robots. This study was carried out to evaluate some physical and mechanical properties of bell pepper fruits, which will be useful for the design and utilization of bell pepper fruits harvesting robots. Some mechanical properties (failure force, failure energy and compressibility) of matured bell pepper fruits were evaluated at three different dimension sizes and two fruit orientations, according to the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) approved procedure. Results obtained from this study revealed that the fruit size and orientation had significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect on the mechanical properties of the bell pepper fruits. The failure force and failure energy of the fruit increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) as the fruit locule number increases from 3 to 4. Relatively, the results revealed that the failure force and failure energy of the fruit increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) as the fruit size increased from small to large size. As portrayed by this study results, the failure force and failure energy of the fruit when loaded in the natural position was higher than values obtained, when the fruit was compressed at the vertical position; irrespective of the fruit size. This revealed that the fruit at the natural position absorbed higher compressive force (pressure) and compressive energy, regardless of the fruit locule number. Results obtained from this study will present useful information for the design, programming and optimization of bell pepper harvesting and handling robots.

scholarly journals Influence of nanocellulose on the hydration process of Portland cement and concrete properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
V. I. Khirkhasova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
High Density ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
New Method ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
Study Results

The paper deals with modification of cement composite and concrete with nanocellulose in low and high density. The author presents the study results of the influence of nanocellulose on the cement composite hardening process, as well as the physical and mechanical properties of heavy concrete. The influence of the used additive on the rheological and strength characteristics of concrete is revealed. A new method is proposed to improve the material performance.

Physical and Mechanical Properties and Biological Resistance of the Calcareous Composites on Activated Mixing Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 1011 ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Sergey Khutorskoy ◽  
Denis Emelyanov ◽  
Alexander Matvievsky ◽  
Vasiliy Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Slaked Lime ◽  
Water Activation ◽  
Biological Environment ◽  
Activation Conditions ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Mixing Water

The study results of the calcareous composites made with the use of activated mixing water are presented. Quicklime and slaked lime are used as lime binders. The mixing water was activated by the electric current and magnetic field in various modes. The effect of water activation on the physical and mechanical properties of slaked and quicklime composites and the resistance to the effects of the biological environment are studied. The water for mixing electromagnetic treatment effectiveness analysis is presented. The increase in the density of materials based on lime, trapped in activated water using ultrasound tests is proven. It was found that the mixing water activation affects the structure formation of composites and, under certain activation conditions, leads to an increase in such physical and mechanical parameters as strength and hardness. The positive effect of the mixing water activation on the lime-based materials’ resistance to microbial growth has been established, and the decrease in the growth of composites based on quicklime and slaked lime has been proved.

Effect of Moisture Content on Sunflower Seed Physical and Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Khaled Abdeen Mousa Ali ◽  
Wang Yuan Zong ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Horia Mohamed Abd El-Ghany
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
True Density ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Length Width

This study was carried out to measure some physical and mechanical properties of the sunflower seeds variety “DW667”. The physical properties (length, width, thickness, equivalent diameter, sphericity, surface area of seed, one thousand seed mass, bulk and true density, porosity) and mechanical properties (compressive load and displacement deformation for vertical and horizontal orientations) were measured at 4%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% Dray basis (d.b.) moisture contents. Higher moisture content from 4%to25% increased length, width, thickness, equivalent diameter, sphericity, surface area of seed, one thousand seed mass, bulk and true density, porosity and deformation displacement at the vertical and horizontal orientations of seeds increased from 10.57 to , 4.50 to , 2.85 to , 5.13 to , 49 to 50 %, 82.95 to 94.53 mm2, 33.70 to , 286.80 to 314.98 kg/m3, 406.47 to 483.61 kg/m3, 29.22 to 34.54 %, 1.63 to 2.63 mm and 0.70 to 1.87 mm, respectively. While the required compressive force for rupture seeds decreased from 25.3 to 12.39 N and 11.5 to 5.63 N for vertical and horizontal orientations, respectively with moisture contents uprising from 4 to 25 %. The findings of this study will open new windows in farm mechanization for the designing and improvement of treatment machines for this type of seed.

PEMANFAATAN KAYU AKASIA MANGIUM (Acacia mangium Willd) UNTUK MEBEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Djoko Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Scale Scores

Timber Acacia mangium (Acacia mangium, Willd) for Furniture. The study aims to determine the mechanical and physical properties and the decorative value (color and fiber) wood of acacia mangium with using finishing materials. This type of finishing material used is ultran lasur natural dof ,ultran lasur classic teak, aqua politur clear dof, aqua politur akasia dan aqua politur cherry. After finishing the wood is stored for 3 months. Test parameters were observed, namely, physical and mechanical properties of wood, adhesion of finishing materials, color and appearance of the fiber, and timber dimensions expansion. The results showed that the mechanical physical properties of acacia wood qualified SNI. 01-0608-89 about the physical and mechanical properties of wood for furniture, air dry the moisture content from 13.78 to 14.89%, flexural strength from 509.25 to 680.50 kg/cm2, and compressive strength parallel to fiber 342.1 - 412.9 kg/cm2. Finishing the treatment process using five types of finishing materials can increase the decorative value (color and fiber) wood. Before finishing the process of acacia mangium wood has the appearance of colors and fibers and less attractive (scale scores 2-3), after finishing acacia wood fibers have the appearance of colors and interesting and very interesting (scale 4-5).Keywords: mangium wood, mechanical properties, decorative value, finishing, furniture.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Tenun Pahang Fabrics using Alternative Yarns

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Engku Liyana Zafirah Engku Mohd Suhaimi ◽  
Jamil Salleh ◽  
Suzaini Abd Ghani ◽  
Mohamad Faizul Yahya ◽  
Mohd Rozi Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Silk Fabrics ◽  
Recovery Angle ◽  
Made In

An investigation on the properties of Tenun Pahang fabric performances using alternative yarns was conducted. The studies were made in order to evaluate whether the Tenun Pahang fabric could be produced economically and at the same time maintain the fabric quality. Traditional Tenun Pahang fabric uses silk for both warp and weft. For this project, two alternative yarns were used which were bamboo and modal, which were a little lower in cost compared to silk. These yarns were woven with two variations, one with the yarns as weft only while maintaining the silk warp and the other with both warp and weft using the alternative yarns. Four (4) physical testings and three (3) mechanical testings conducted on the fabric samples. The fabric samples were evaluated including weight, thickness, thread density, crease recovery angle, stiffness and drapability. The results show that modal/silk and bamboo silk fabrics are comparable in terms of stiffness and drapability, hence they have the potential to replace 100% silk Tenun Pahang.

Basic set of experiments for determination of mechanical properties of sand

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
A. Sawicki ◽  
J. Mierczyński
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soil Mechanics ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
Initial Anisotropy

Abstract A basic set of experiments for the determination of mechanical properties of sands is described. This includes the determination of basic physical and mechanical properties, as conventionally applied in soil mechanics, as well as some additional experiments, which provide further information on mechanical properties of granular soils. These additional experiments allow for determination of steady state and instability lines, stress-strain relations for isotropic loading and pure shearing, and simple cyclic shearing tests. Unconventional oedometric experiments are also presented. Necessary laboratory equipment is described, which includes a triaxial apparatus equipped with local strain gauges, an oedometer capable of measuring lateral stresses and a simple cyclic shearing apparatus. The above experiments provide additional information on soil’s properties, which is useful in studying the following phenomena: pre-failure deformations of sand including cyclic loading compaction, pore-pressure generation and liquefaction, both static and caused by cyclic loadings, the effect of sand initial anisotropy and various instabilities. An important feature of the experiments described is that they make it possible to determine the initial state of sand, defined as either contractive or dilative. Experimental results for the “Gdynia” model sand are shown.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF REPROCESSED COMPOSITES OF POLYPROPYLENE REINFORCED BY WOOD FIBERS: PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Helena Sydenstricker Flores-Sahagun ◽  
Kelly Priscila Agapito ◽  
ROSA MARIA JIMENEZ AMEZCUA ◽  
Felipe Jedyn
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Fibers
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