scholarly journals PHARMACEUTICAL STANDARDIZATION OF “HINGULADRASA SINDOORA” PREPARED BY ELECTRIC MUFFLE FURNACE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4716-4723
Author(s):  
Anamika Arjaria ◽  
Shankar Dayal Upadhyay ◽  
Pati R.K.
Keyword(s):  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Therapeutic Indication ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Muffle Furnace ◽  
Intermittent Heating ◽  
Manufacturing Procedure ◽  
Heating Pattern

Kupipakwa Rasayana bears a unique place in Rasa Shastra treatises because of its mercurial preparation with quicker action and synergistic effects in the body at very low dose. Rasa Sindoora is one of the Kupipakwa Rasayana a most potent medicine of Ayurveda. Acharaya Sadanand Sharma mentioned in his text Rasatarangini that Hinguladrasa Sindoora has equal property, dose, therapeutic indication, Anupan (Adjuvant) and Pathya (Wholesome) etc. same as Rasa Sindoora. Hinguladrasa Sindoora was prepared with same proportion of Shodhita Hingula (Purified Cinnabar) and Shodhita Gandhaka (Purified Sulphur) as per the reference of Rasa Tarangini. Aim-To standardize manufacturing procedure of Hinguladrasa Sindoora. Material and Method- Purified Hingula and Purified Gandhaka both grounds properly and made into the Shlakshana Churna (Smooth Powder). Three batches were prepared to standardize the procedure by using electric muffle furnace (EMF). Results and Conclusion - Average melting temperature of Shlakshana Churna, Average flame appearing temperature and Average corking temperature were 1850C, 4830C and 7030C respectively. Average yield in three consecutive batches was 85 gm and the average time was 15.41 hrs. Three batches of Hinguladrasa Sindoora preparation concluded that for 200 gm of Shlakshana Churna by following intermittent heating pattern that was mild heat (100-2500C) for 4 hrs., Moderate heat (250-4500C) for 4 hrs. and strong heat (450-7500C) for 7-8 hrs.

scholarly journals A Product Pose Tracking Paradigm Based on Deep Points Detection

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Loukas Bampis ◽  
Spyridon G. Mouroutsos ◽  
Antonios Gasteratos
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomous Control ◽  
Pose Tracking ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Manufacturing Procedure ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Representative Points

The paper at hand presents a novel and versatile method for tracking the pose of varying products during their manufacturing procedure. By using modern Deep Neural Network techniques based on Attention models, the most representative points to track an object can be automatically identified using its drawing. Then, during manufacturing, the body of the product is processed with Aluminum Oxide on those points, which is unobtrusive in the visible spectrum, but easily distinguishable from infrared cameras. Our proposal allows for the inclusion of Artificial Intelligence in Computer-Aided Manufacturing to assist the autonomous control of robotic handlers.

Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Complex Mixtures

1989 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 851-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Krewski ◽  
T. Thorslund ◽  
J. Withey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Complex Mixtures ◽  
Multiple Exposures ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Carcinogenic Substances ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk Assessment ◽  
Potential Use

Although procedures for assessing the carcinogenic risks associated with exposure to individual chemicals are relatively well developed, risk assessment methods for mixtures of chemicals are still in the developmental stage. In this paper, we examine the difficulties in assessing the risks of exposure to complex mixtures, with special reference to the potential for synergistic effects among the compo nents of the mixture. Statistical models for describing the joint action of multiple exposures are reviewed, and their implications for low-dose risk assessment are examined. The potential use of pharmacokinetic models to describe the metabolism of mixtures is also considered. Application of these results in regulating mixtures of carcinogenic substances is illustrated using examples involving multiple contaminants in drinking water and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced from combustion sources.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Chronic Restraint-Induced Stress and Low-Dose 56Fe-particle Irradiation on Induction of Chromosomal Aberrations in Trp53-Heterozygous Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Katsube ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Kaoru Tanaka ◽  
Yasuharu Ninomiya ◽  
Hirokazu Hirakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Particle Irradiation

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Properties of Lovastatin-Loaded Ginger and Garlic Oil Nanoemulsomes: Insights into Serum Biological Parameters

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faran ◽  
Asghar ◽  
Khalid ◽  
Khan ◽  
Asif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
High Association ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Moderate Range ◽  
Kidney Functions

Background and Objectives: Dyslipidemia is gaining much attention among healthcare professionals because of its high association with the malfunctioning of a number of normal physiological and metabolic processes in the body. Obesity is directly interconnected with dyslipidemia and is said to be a denouement of hyperlipidemia and, if left untreated, may lead to intense damage to organs that are directly involved in fat metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the synergistic antiobesity and anti-hyperlipidemic activities along with hepato- and renoprotective potential of nanoemulsomes (NES) of lovastatin (LTN)-loaded ginger (GR) and garlic (GL) oils. Materials and Methods: LTN nanoemulsomes co-encapsulated with GR oil and GL oil were prepared by a thin hydration technique. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g were induced with hyperlipidemia via a high-fat diet (HFD) comprising 40% beef tallow. Body weight, serum biochemical lipid parameters, and those for liver and kidney functions, serum TC, LDL-C, vLDL-C, HDL-C, TG, atherogenic index (AI), ALT, AFT, ALP, γ-GT, total protein (TP), serum albumin and globulin ratio (A/G), serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood urea, and histopathology of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained liver and kidney sections of all aforementioned groups were examined in the treated animals. Results: Nanoemulsomes of LTN-loaded GR and GL oils provided synergistic effects with LTN, exerted better ameliorative actions in reducing serum TC, LDL-C, vLDL-C, triglycerides, and AI, and improved serum HDL-C levels. Serum ALT, AST, ALP, and γ-GT levels were in the normal range for nanoemulsome groups. H&E stained liver and kidney sections of these animals confirmed better hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects than LTN alone. Serum biochemical parameters for renal functions also claimed to be in the moderate range for nanoemulsome-treated groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that nanoemulsomes of LTN-loaded GR and GL oils synergistically provided better antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects as compared to LTN alone.

Introducing a Cost-Effective Radiopaque Scale Design for Intra-Operative Use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roopam Dey ◽  
Giancarlo Beukes ◽  
Gokul Nair ◽  
Sudesh Sivarasu
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Agent ◽  
Scale Design ◽  
Contrast Image

Abstract Radiopaque scales have numerous uses in the field of surgery, especially orthopaedic surgery. Scales of this nature can be used to guide surgeons by taking intra-operative measurements, pinpoint insertion points on bones and detect locations of deformations and tumours inside the body. Despite this, these scales are not used widely enough because of its high cost and that there are no widely acceptable ways of developing them from off the shelf materials. This paper details the method of inventing a novel low-cost radiopaque scale using off the shelf materials such as Barium Sulfate and Iodinated Contrast Agent (ICA). The radiopaque scale was manufactured using Perspex® and was filled with the contrast agents. The scales were then scanned using low-dose X-ray machines. The scale filled with Barium was found to be provide a better contrast image suggesting that the Barium to be a better high-contrast agent when compared to iodine and is recommended for use.

Synergistic Effects of Bortezomib with Low Dose Melphalan Against Human AML Cells.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 4463-4463
Author(s):  
Marc Gautier ◽  
Jeffrey A. Bubis ◽  
Jia-Yan Wu ◽  
Kenneth R. Meehan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Resistant Disease ◽  
Elderly Aml ◽  
Potential Synergy ◽  
Dilution Experiments

Abstract The treatment of AML in the elderly population is difficult given the inherent resistant disease, the toxic effects of therapy and the presence of co-morbid conditions. We proposed preclinical studies to investigate the potential synergy of bortezomib with melphalan against AML cells, with the anticipation of developing a clinical trial. To test the killing potential of bortezomib or melphalan, limiting dilution experiments were performed with subsequent analysis using the MTT assay. Two human AML cell lines, GDM-1 and Kasumi-1, were used as targets. Tumor cells (7.5 x 103 cells/well) were plated on 96-well tissue culture plates and incubated overnight at 37 °C with 5% CO2. At 24 hrs, varying concentrations of melphalan (doses: 100 uM to 1 uM) or bortezomib (doses: 100 nM to 1 nM) were added to each well. After 48 hrs of culture, the MTT assay was performed. Each test was run in triplicate. When using the GDM-1 cell line, the addition of melphalan alone (1 uM) resulted in 80% viability (+/− 1.7%), while bortezomib alone (1 nM) yielded 86% viability (+/− 3.6%). An increased dose of each medication decreased the viability of the GDM-1 cells. An increased dose of Melphalan (3 uM) reduced the viability to 23% (+/− 4.2 %). The viability dropped to 62% (+/− 4.9 %) with an increased dose of Bortezomib (3 nM). After combining the medications, the inhibitory activity against the GDM-1 cells required lower doses then either drug alone. For example, melphalan (1uM) with bortezomib (1 nM) reduced the viability of GDM-1 cells to 20% (+/− 2.8%); While melphalan (3 uM) and bortezomib (3 nM) further suppressed the viability to 3.7 % (+/−2.5 %). Similar results were found using the Kasumi-1 AML cell line. These results demonstrate the potential synergy of the combination of bortezomib with melphalan against AML cells. These preclinical results are currently being tested in a clinical trial using low dose melphalan with bortuzimab in elderly AML and MDS patients.

Low-Dose X-ray CT Reconstruction Algorithm Using Shearlet Sparse Regularization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 620-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayu Xiao ◽  
Xiaotong Zhang ◽  
Jianhua Li ◽  
Nan Bao ◽  
Yan Kang
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Projection Data ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
Ct Reconstruction ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithms ◽  
Sparse Regularization ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Computed tomography (CT) scans produce ionizing radiation in the body, and high-dose CT scans may increase the risk of cancer. Therefore, reducing the CT radiation dose is particularly important in clinical diagnosis, which is achieved mainly by reducing projection views and tube current. However, the projection data are incomplete in the case of sparse views, which may cause stripe artifacts in the image reconstructed by the filtered back projection (FBP) algorithm, thereby losing the details of the image. Low current intensity also increases the noise of the projection data, degrading the quality of the reconstructed image. This study aimed to use the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to address the shearlet-based sparse regularization problem, which is subsequently referred to as ADMM-shearlet method. The low-dose projection data were simulated by adding Gaussian noise with zero mean to high-dose projection data. Then FBP, simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique, total variation, and ADMM-shearlet methods were used to reconstruct images. Normalized mean square error, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and universal quality index were used to evaluate the performance of different reconstruction algorithms. Compared with the traditional reconstruction algorithms, the ADMM-shearlet algorithm performed well in suppressing the noise due to the low dose while maintaining the image details.

scholarly journals Sparsely Ionizing Diagnostic and Natural Background Radiations are Likely Preventing Cancer and other Genomic-Instability-Associated Diseases

Dose-Response ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. dose-response.0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobby R. Scott ◽  
Jennifer Di Palma
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Environmental Radiation ◽  
Background Radiations ◽  
Radiation Hormesis ◽  
Apoptosis Process

Routine diagnostic X-rays (e.g., chest X-rays, mammograms, computed tomography scans) and routine diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures using sparsely ionizing radiation forms (e.g., beta and gamma radiations) stimulate the removal of precancerous neoplastically transformed and other genomically unstable cells from the body (medical radiation hormesis). The indicated radiation hormesis arises because radiation doses above an individual-specific stochastic threshold activate a system of cooperative protective processes that include high-fidelity DNA repair/apoptosis (presumed p53 related), an auxiliary apoptosis process (PAM process) that is presumed p53-independent, and stimulated immunity. These forms of induced protection are called adapted protection because they are associated with the radiation adaptive response. Diagnostic X-ray sources, other sources of sparsely ionizing radiation used in nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures, as well as radioisotope-labeled immunoglobulins could be used in conjunction with apoptosis-sensitizing agents (e.g., the natural phenolic compound resveratrol) in curing existing cancer via low-dose fractionated or low-dose, low-dose-rate therapy (therapeutic radiation hormesis). Evidence is provided to support the existence of both therapeutic (curing existing cancer) and medical (cancer prevention) radiation hormesis. Evidence is also provided demonstrating that exposure to environmental sparsely ionizing radiations, such as gamma rays, protect from cancer occurrence and the occurrence of other diseases via inducing adapted protection (environmental radiation hormesis).

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