scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF USE OF AGRO-CHEMICALS AMONG VEGETABLE FARMERS IN MAIDUGURI AND ITS ENVIRONS, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-117
Author(s):  
SB Mustapha
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
P Values ◽  
Vegetable Farmers ◽  
Significant Coefficient ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Chemical Usage ◽  
Human Health Effects

The study analysed the use of agro-chemicals among vegetable farmers in Maiduguri and its environs in Nigeria. Primary data were mainly used for the study. Multi - stage sampling techniques was employed to select 160 vegetable farmers for this study. Both descriptive (frequency distribution, percentages and mean scores) and inferential (regression analysis) statistics were used to analyze the data. The studies revealed that majority (77.50%) of the respondents were male and married (85.63%). The results indicated that majority (70.0%) of the respondents had 7 and above years of formal education. On the vegetable farmer’s sources of information on agro-chemical usage, the study revealed that most (50%) of the respondents got information on agrochemicals from other farmers, followed by stockists with 20%. Most (36.80%) of the respondents showed that they make use of herbicides than other forms of agro-chemicals. The farm size (ha) and income of the respondents has a positive and significant coefficient with p values of 0.000 at 1% level each. The major constraints considered as severe on the use of agro-chemicals among the respondents were high cost of supplies (mean score = 2.16), irregular supplies and insufficient farm incomes (mean score = 2.10) each which were ranked 1st and 2nd respectively. The study recommended those agricultural extension organizations and other stakeholders such as the Ministry of agriculture to carry out improved mobilization and sensitization campaigns to educate farmers on proper and efficient use of agro-chemicals with a view to improving productivity as well as prevent adverse environmental and human health effects.

scholarly journals Determinant of agroforestry practices among small holder farmers in Oyo State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2107-2111
Author(s):  
O.O. Obadimu ◽  
O.S. Oke ◽  
O.A. Asunlegan ◽  
M.A. Alaje ◽  
D. Ojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Small Holder ◽  
Agroforestry Practices

The multiplicity of agroforestry practices demand the choice of appropriate methods that will give the rural farmers an excellent result. Thus, this study analysed the factors determining the choice of agroforestry practices among small holder farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data was obtained using multi-stage sampling technique. Structured questionnaire was administered to 250 selected small holder farmers to elicit relevant information and 211 was retrieved and used for this study. The findings revealed that most 55% of the farmers chose agrisilvicutural system while 33.2% and 11.8% of the farmers chose agrosilvopastoral and silvopastoral systems respectively. Most of the farmers were males 89.1%, with average age of 47years indicating they were relatively young with basic formal education. The average farm size of 3.34ha indicated that the study covered small holder farmers. The multinomial logit result showed that factors such as educational level, meeting attendance, type of labour used, household assets significantly determined the choice of agroforestry practices adopted by the farmers. The study therefore recommends the implementation of policies that promote more enlightenment on the benefits of agroforestry to both the educated and non-educated farmers to facilitate quick adoption, provision of incentives to farmers that attend meetings regularly and making available improved agroforestry methods and practices to enhance wider suitability of agroforestry practices.

IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT EXCHANGE CENTRE (DEC) MICROCREDIT PROGRAMME ON CROP OUTPUT AND STANDARD OF LIVING AMONG WOMEN FARMERS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
B. D. Adamu ◽  
H. Y. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The Impact

This study examined the impact of Development Exchange Centre microcredit programme on crops output and standard of living among women farmers in Kaduna State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select 420 respondents. Primary data were collected through the use of questionnaires and were subjected to both descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean farming experience was 22 years for DEC participants and 19 years for non-DEC participants while mean farm size for participants and non-DEC participants was 2.0 ha. Determinant of standard of living on programme participants, the study concludes that, age (0.0405, P<0.01), farm size (47.510, P<0.01), education, credit (0.6031, P< 0.01) and extension contact (0.002, P< 0.01), had direct relationship with the standard of living of programme  participants, This implies DEC, increase the standard of living of  programme participants in Kaduna State. Determinant of crops output of programme participants shows that, farm size (0.046, P<0.01), credit (0.821, P< 0.01), extension contact (0.0542, P< 0.05). F-chow statistics shows that DEC microcredit had positive impact on crops output of programme participants. Z – statistics also indicated positive impact on living standard of the participants. It was recommended that, DEC microcredit organization should increase the amount of loan disbursement to N100, 000, so as to increase participation; extend the repayment period, lowered interest rates and extend the programme to other farming communities in Kaduna State, there by improving the standard of living of women farmers in the state

scholarly journals Conservational tree growing by smallholder farm households: evidence from Gamo highlands of Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malebo Mancha Massa ◽  
Abdulaziz Mosa
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Smallholder Farm ◽  
Entry Points

AbstractDeforestation and environmental degradation were identified among the leading factors worsening risk exposure in developing countries. Conservational tree growing was found a permissible option and an awake up policy direction to curve down the problem in Ethiopia. However, the uptake of this practice is far from complete and the art has not been made to a level that could make households self-reliant at least in tree resources, particularly in the highlands. The objective of this study was to identify the decisive factors that influence conservational tree growing behavior of smallholder farm households in Gamo highlands of Southern Ethiopia. The study was based on survey data collected from 11 villages in 2011/2012. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 335 farm households. Structured interview questionnaires and observations were used to collect primary data. Descriptive and inferential statistics and logistic regression model were used to analyze the data. The key findings showed that a host of factors significantly influenced smallholders’ decision to practice conservational tree growing. The study found that tree growing experience, farm size, and availability of suitable land area for tree growing and cash income from sales of trees were the significant factors explaining the variation in conservational tree growing behavior of households. We also observed old-aged trees in traditionally protected areas. Among others, funeral and mystical sites host large number of long-lived indigenous tree species than private farms in Gamo highlands of southern Ethiopia. Based on the findings, the study concluded that intra-farmer experience sharing, and support to efficient indigenous institutions and rural tree markets as potential entry points for mitigating deforestation and developing environmentally sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Rural-Urban Financial Literacy Divide in India: A Comparative Study of Kerala and Uttar Pradesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
N. P. Abdul Azeez ◽  
M. Nasira Banu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Financial Decision

One of the significant competencies required in the contemporary scenario is an awareness or knowledge of varied financial affairs and the skill to handle matters apropos of finance. The dearth of financial literacy precludes rural people from the country's formal financial system and created a rural-urban financial divide, especially in the digitalized era. Effective incorporation of financial literacy in formal education will lead to greater access to financial services. This paper tries to find the rural-urban financial literacy divide based on the primary data collected from two states of India, namely Kerala and Uttar Pradesh. A total of 400 samples respondents were taken by using the multi-stage sampling technique. A comprehensive approach for measuring financial literacy is developed by constructing the Financial Literacy Index (FLI), which comprises financial knowledge, financial behaviour, and financial attitude. The results concluded with the rural-urban financial literacy divide findings as the financial literacy in rural areas is consistently lower than in urban. The results expose the need for a persistent and prolonged intervention from all the stakeholders, including policymakers, to enhance and sustain financial literacy to accomplish a bright financial decision making by the rural people.

scholarly journals SAVINGS MOBILIZATION ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION AMONG PERI-URBAN HOUSEHOLDS IN KWALI AND BWARI AREA COUNCILS F.C.T ABUJA, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-300
Author(s):  
Juliana Ojochide Olori ◽  
Ogechi Cordelia Nwahia ◽  
Franҫois Siėwė
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Poverty Status

Savings is increasingly being acknowledged as a powerful tool for poverty alleviation but the peri- -urban households who are mostly, low cadre workers, peasant farmers and small-scale business owners lacks savings services. This study analyzed savings mobilization on poverty alleviation among peri-urban households in Kwali and Bwari Area Councils Abuja. Cross-sectional primary data was used in this study. The data was collected with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire administered to 185 peri-urban farming households. Descriptive statistics (mean, frequency and percentage), Foster Greer Thorbecke index and ordered logit regression were used to analyze the collected data. The results that emanated from the analysis reveals that 98% of respondents are within the economic active age while 82% of them had formal education and average household size of 4 person. About 93% of households saved in one form or the other. About 51% of the respondent are non-poor while 49% are poor based on analysis of poverty status which revealed poverty incidence of 49%, poverty depth of 28% and poverty severity of 56%. The results further reveals that primary occupation and education reduces the likelihood of not being poor, but there is an increment in the likelihood of being very poor while farm size, savings, access to credit and income generated from secondary activities increases the probability of being non-poor, but reduces the probability of being very poor. Therefore, households should be encouraged by Governmental agencies to engage in secondary economic activities for multiple stream of income to improve on their poverty status. In addition, government should facilitate the establishment of Financial Institutions in the Peri- Urban areas to inculcate saving habit among the people.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Profitability of Smallholder Vegetable Farmers in the Shiselweni Region, Kingdom of Eswatini (Swaziland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lovemore M. Rugube ◽  
Sifisile P. Nsibande ◽  
Michael T. Masarirambi ◽  
Patricia J. Musi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Vegetable Farmers ◽  
The Mean

Agriculture is the main anchor of the Eswatini economy and profitability in this sector still remains vital for sustainable development of the economy. This study investigated the factors affecting profitability of smallholder vegetable farmers in the Shiselweni region. Primary data was obtained using a structured questionnaire and personal interviews from 60 vegetable farmers. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, enterprise budget, profitability ratios and multiple linear regression models. The SPSS software was used. The results showed that the mean age of the vegetable farmers was found to be 50.5 years, the mean household size was 8 people, mean farming experience was 3 years, mean farm size was 3 hectares and the majority of the farmers had high school education. The net income of smallholder vegetable farmers was E5810.30. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis revealed that land size, gender, household size, had a direct relationship with profitability of vegetable production while age, education, experience, income and labour had a negative relationship. Farmers requested that the subsidized farm inputs should arrive on time, new engines be bought for them and dams be constructed to generate irrigation water in winter.

scholarly journals Changes in Cattle Rustling on Gender Relations Among the Pokot in West Pokot, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 4027-4037
Author(s):  
Andrew Gitau Kimani ◽  
◽  
Pacificah Kwamboka Okemwa ◽  
Casper Masiga ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
West Pokot ◽  
Administrative Leaders ◽  
Cattle Rustling

Evidence of change in cattle rustling practice among pastoralist communities worldwide has been noted with globalisation, education, and modernisation, among other factors. However, there is little known about transformation in men and women's involvement in this practice in the wake of easy accessibility of small and light weapons and breakdown of the traditional leadership and control systems. This paper examined the transformation in cattle rustling practice among the Pokot community in West Pokot county. This study's target population included adult residents of the Pokot community, community elders, opinion leaders, political and administrative leaders, and local and international NGOs dealing with cattle rustling issues in West Pokot County. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 350 respondents. An unstructured questionnaire, a critical informant interview guide, a focus group discussion guide, and an observation guide were used to collect primary data. Qualitative data collected was analysed using patterns and critical themes of this particular objective. Quantitative data analysis was organised using the SPSS software version 2.0 and analysed using various descriptive statistics. The findings indicated that transformation in cattle rustling had seen a cultural activity for the young people to demonstrate their courage and wit and become a murderous criminal endeavour. The community no longer benefits from cattle rustling, but only a few are driven by greed to reap where they never sow. Illiteracy, poverty, unemployment, community conflicts, possession of firearms and insecurity were identified as the leading causes of cattle rustling. Access to formal education has seen many in the school-going age among the West Pokot get exposed to literacy, which has gradually recorded a positive transformation about its cattle rustling practices. Based on the findings, the paper makes the following recommendations to address the problem of cattle rustling among the people of West Pokot County: Enlightenment on contemporary ways of life; formal education among the Pokot to be advocated for; enhancing Security in West Pokot; opening a platform for peace talk and persuasions and operationalising the Eastern Africa Police Chiefs Cooperation Organisation protocol.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY AMONG RICE FARMERS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Wasiu Olawale ADESHINA ◽  
Olugbenga Adesoji Christopher OLOGBON ◽  
Adewunmi Olubanjo IDOWU
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimates ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Rice Farmers

Increased rice productivity for years is not a solution if rice farming efficiency cannot be sustained for the next hundred years. The study analysed the efficiency of rice farmers in Oyo State. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select128 rice farmers for the study. Primary data were obtained with the aid of well-structured questionnaire and interview schedule. Descriptive statistics and stochastic frontier model were employed in the analysis of the data. Majority (78.1%) of the rice farmers had one form of education or the other while the age of rice farmers ranges from 25 to 78 years and mean age of 47 years. The stochastic frontier results (Maximum Likelihood Estimates) revealed that farm output increases with farm size, hired labour, and fertilizer but decreases with herbicides. Also, technical efficiency of the farmers increases with formal education, farming experience, household size, extension contact and distance of farm to market. The mean technical efficiency, allocative efficiency and economic efficiency of 88.5 percent, 66.9 percent and 58.3 percent respectively showed that there is room for improvement in technical efficiency by 11.5 percent, allocative efficiency by 33.1 percent and economic efficiency by 41.7 percent with the present technology. Policy option requires the rice farmers to reduce the use of agro chemical. Farmers should expand their farm land to ensure efficient utilization of resources. Above all, formal education and adult literacy education should be strengthened among the rice farmers.

scholarly journals A Study on the Comprehensive Comparison between Indigenous Cattle Rustling and Modern Cattle Rustling in West Pokot County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1011-1016
Author(s):  
Andrew Gitau Kimani ◽  
◽  
Casper Masiga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
West Pokot ◽  
Cattle Rustling

Evidence of change in cattle rustling practice among pastoralist communities worldwide has been noted with globalisation, education, and modernisation, among other factors. However, there is little known about transformation in men and women’s involvement in this practice in the wake of easy accessibility of small and light weapons (SALWs) and breakdown of the traditional leadership and control systems. This paper examined the transformation in cattle rustling practice among the Pokot community in West Pokot county. This study’s target population included adult residents of Pokot community, community elders, opinion leaders, political and administrative leaders, and local and international NGOs dealing with cattle rustling issues in West Pokot county. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 350 respondents. An unstructured questionnaire, a critical informant interview guide, a focus group discussion guide, and an observation guide were used to collect primary data. Qualitative data collected was analysed using patterns and critical themes of this particular objective. Quantitative data analysis was organised using the SPSS software version 2.0 and analysed using various descriptive statistics. The findings indicated that transformation in cattle rustling had seen a cultural activity for the young people to demonstrate their courage and wit and become a murderous criminal endeavour. The community no longer benefits from cattle rustling, but only a few are driven by greed to reap where they never sow. Illiteracy, poverty, unemployment, community conflicts, possession of firearms and insecurity were identified as the leading causes of cattle rustling. Access to formal education has seen many in the school-going age among the West Pokot get exposed to literacy, which has gradually recorded a positive transformation about its cattle rustling practices. Based on the findings, the paper makes the following recommendations to address the problem of cattle rustling among the people of West Pokot County: Enlightenment on contemporary ways of life; formal education among the Pokot to be advocated for; enhancing Security in West Pokot; opening a platform for peace talk and persuasions and operationalising the Eastern Africa Police Chiefs Cooperation Organisation (EAPCCO) protocol.

scholarly journals Awareness and Constraints of Aquaculture Biosecurity Among Fish Farmers in Ekiti State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Siyanbola A. Omitoyin ◽  
Kemisola D. Osakuade
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Fish Diseases ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Scale Of Operation

The study investigated the level of awareness and constraints the farmers were facing in adopting effective biosecurity measures in Ekiti State. Primary data were collected using multi-stage sampling technique to randomly select 150 fish growers, out of which 144 questionnaires were recovered. Analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, four-point Likert scale and multiple regression. The result showed that 76.4% of the fish farmers with mean age of 40.48±10.28years were married, 61.1% owned the land on which they farm their fish, 73.6% operated as small scale fish farmers with farm size of <1 hectare. About 91.0% knew about fish diseases, the main source of pollution on the farm was flooding while some (61.1%) experienced outbreak of fish diseases at juvenile stage. High cost of facilities, lack of financial assistance, poor knowledge on biosecurity, expensive laboratory charges and inadequate monitoring by extension agents was perceived as the major constraints. The farmers need financial help to get adequate facilities and to enlarge their scale of operation. Adequate extension services to enlighten them on the effective biosecurity measures should be adopted.

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