scholarly journals Modeling daily dynamics of speed and fuel consumption for urban delivery means

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Lidiia Savchenko ◽  
Miroslava Semeriahina ◽  
Irina Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Approximation Accuracy ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The City

Road transport is one of the most important elements of the functioning of a modern city. Maneuverability, mobility, speed of delivery of goods and other criteria have provided him with a special and leading place in urban logistics. However, along with the benefits of a developed transport network for society, its progress is accompanied by negative consequences for the environment and the population of the city. High rates of growth in the number of cars, especially in large cities, cause an increase in emissions of harmful products into the atmosphere, which, accordingly, negatively affects the health of the population. Consequently, the problem of environmental pollution in large cities from harmful emissions from vehicles requires an urgent solution. The increase in emissions of harmful substances is affected by an increase in the consumption of fuel materials due to a decrease in speed because of an increase in traffic density in the city. The frequency, duration, prevalence of congestion is increasing along with the urbanization of the population and the increase in the number of cars in cities. The dense development of the central historical districts of the city exacerbates the problem of unhindered passage of individual, public and freight vehicles. In addition, a decrease in the speed of city traffic affects the speed of delivery of goods, correspondence, etc., which negatively affects the speed of business processes, and ultimately worsens the level of logistics services for customers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current situation in terms of the dynamics of the average speed of the city's traffic flow by hours of the day and to obtain a mathematical model of the dependence of the speed of movement on the consumption of fuel materials for various environmentally friendly means of urban delivery (car, motorcycle, bicycle and pedestrian courier). The research was carried out in two stages. At the first, the study of the dependence of the average speed of movement in the city on the time of day (for all means of city delivery) was carried out. At the second stage, the study of the dependence of the average consumption of fuel materials in the city (which, accordingly, is a function of the speed of movement) on the time of day for motorized urban delivery vehicles was done. In the course of the study, at each stage, an equation of the trend lines was obtained with a sufficient approximation accuracy. In conclusion, the study proposes an algorithm for determining the average speed and average amount of fuel consumption when delivering small consignments in an urban environment using four urban logistics means - a car, a motorcycle, a bicycle, and a pedestrian courier (with the possibility of using public transport). The proposed algorithm can be applied in any delivery conditions in the city.

scholarly journals Legal problems of the introduction and application of digital technologies in the field of passenger transport

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
R.B. Bryukhov ◽  
K.E. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
New Business ◽  
The City ◽  
Motorised Transport

Urbanization continues. There is an outflow of population from small cities and towns to large ones. According to some estimates, 60% of the world's population will live in cities by 2060 (now 50%). The middle class is growing, and there are more and more people who buy cars. Consequently, the load on urban infrastructure and roads is increasing. The high number of traffic jams leads to negative consequences: the delay in the delivery of goods, the late arrival of people to work, etc. On the other hand, despite the best efforts of manufacturers, transport continues to pollute the atmosphere. Technologies continue to develop rapidly, new business models, rules of doing business in transport and ways to use it are emerging. Recently, there has been the emergence of such innovations as car sharing (the use of cars that are freely available in the city), various types of taxis that can be called up using a mobile phone, and improved urban public transport. In addition, the most current urban trends are the development of pedestrian areas in large cities, non-motorised transport, and bicycles.

scholarly journals Positive effects of eco-driving in public transport: A case study of the City Novi Sad

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1 Part B) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Basaric ◽  
Mladen Jambrovic ◽  
Milica Milicic ◽  
Tatjana Savkovic ◽  
Djordje Basaric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Driver Education ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The City

Eco-driving as a concept and program is a well-developed strategy adopted to reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The paper presents the findings confirming the significance of driver education about eco-driving (through theoretical and practical training initiatives) with the aim of reducing the negative environmental impact of road transport. During the study, the drivers were tested prior to and immediately after completing the theoretical and practical education on eco-training. According to the study findings, driver education resulted in approximately 11.71% reduction in fuel consumption and average CO2 emissions. These results, along with the findings of many other studies conducted around the world, show that driver education can result in very efficient and significant reduction in fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Therefore, it is necessary for the drivers to undergo periodical eco-driving training with specialized coaches and well-designed programs.

scholarly journals Emission of pollution from motor vehicles with respect to selected solutions of roundabout intersections

2017 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Artur JAWORSKI ◽  
Kazimierz LEJDA ◽  
Maksymilian MĄDZIEL
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
The City

The article concerns the assessment of emmision of selected two-lane roundabout functioning in the city of Rzeszow and its alternate turbo version. In the work was considered four scenarios that represent two different in terms of traffic congestion time of day. The results of the emission of selected components of the exhaust gas (NOx and particulates PM10) were obtained on the basis of calculations of emission model VERSIT+ Enviver. While the input data for the calculations were taken from the modeled options of roundabouts in the Vissim program. The results from the Enviver program were compared to calculations from mesoscopic model COPERT 5. The results show that the overall reduction in average speed, as well as increased frequency of braking and sudden acceleration, directly contribute to the growth of harmful emissions. However, with respect to comparision of turbo roundabout in regard of currently running two-lane roundabout can be observed reduction of selected components of exhaust gases emission about approx. 1/3.

scholarly journals Optimize the noise factor of traffic flow in Lviv

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Kalyn ◽  
M. I. Shelevij
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Study ◽  
The City ◽  
Harmful Effects

The article provides an overview of the current state study of one of the most pressing environmental problems of large cities – the problem of noise pollution. Due to the increasing number of cars, industrial machines and mechanisms to date, over 60% of people living in cities, daily exposed to excessive noise. The aim is to study the problem of noise pollution urboecosystem of Lviv and finding effective methods to combat with noise. Identified sources, the main characteristics and ways of dealing with the harmful effects of noise pollution. Established magnitude of noise burden on certain streets and filed a comprehensive assessment of the acoustic load of the city. A performance experiments noise which generated of motor vehicles when driving on different stretches of road near two intersections – st. Franko – Green and Levitsky – Tershakovciv. Near the street. Franko during bilateral traffic and trams bilateral traffic noise performance of road transport accounted 75,7dBA +/– 3.2. By reducing the transport speed to 6–10 km/h performance noise constituted 70,4dBA +/– 2.5. Indicators of noise on the Levitsky street during a stop to road transport and traffic lights at the beginning of the movement consisted 66,8dBA +/– 2.9 and 2.6 +/– 69,8dBA. Indicators of noise on the Tershakovciv street respectively amounted to 63.8 +/– 3.2 dBA and 65.2 +/– 3.3 dBA. Today, the simplest and most common methods of noise control is the discharge of roads, planting green space and installing anti–noise screens.

scholarly journals Identification of parameters and verification of an urban traffic flow model. A case study in Wrocław

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 00005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieczysław Chalfen ◽  
Joanna A. Kamińska
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Identification Of Parameters ◽  
Hourly Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

A macroscopic model of road traffic flow in an entire city is constructed, using the example of Wrocław. The model is of deterministic-random type. The start and finish points of each vehicle journey are random elements of the model, while the street graph, routes of travel and traffic parameters are obtained in a deterministic manner. Vehicle speed is dependent on traffic density, and the time needed to cross an intersection depends on the number of waiting vehicles. The route of travel between given start and finish points is determined using Dijkstra’s algorithm, minimising the journey time. The street graph of Wrocław was constructed using data from the Open Street Map website. Identification of parameters and verification of the model were performed using hourly data on traffic volumes at the city’s major intersections in the years 2015–16, obtained from the Intelligent Transport System (ITS). Identification was made of the total number of vehicles travelling in the city at each time of day, a quantity that is difficult to determine by other methods. An accuracy of around 15% was obtained for times between 6.00 and 22.00, while for night-time the verification error exceeded 30%. The model may be used to analyse the impact of planned modifications to the transport system on traffic parameters in the city. It may also serve as a constituent of a larger model for investigating the effect of road transport on atmospheric pollution or for identifying areas at risk of noise pollution.

Strategic Planning Information Systems Enterprise Architecture Planning Method Case Study of Semarang City Public Works Department

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Agustinus Fritz Wijaya ◽  
Mahendra Wahyu Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
Application Architecture ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
The City

Semarang City Public Works Department is a state-owned enterprise that works in the area of public services in the city of Semarang. Most of the technological conditions in the Public Works Department are still in manual data management, which is hampering business processes from going well. Therefore this research was conducted to design an Information System at the Semarang City Public Works Department using the Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) method which includes a SWOT analysis and Value Chain analysis. The existing framework in the Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) method can help align the data architecture and application architecture to get the expected results, which is achieving the business objectives of the City of Semarang Public Works Department so that business functions can run by the desired business processes. This research resulted in several proposals for the development of Information Systems and Information Technology in organizations including the development of several applications in the next 5 years.

Spatial and Temporal Differences in Weekday Travel Durations Between Private-for-Hire Transportation Services and Transit in the City Center

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110197
Author(s):  
Baxter Shandobil ◽  
Ty Lazarchik ◽  
Kelly Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Network ◽  
Central City ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
City Center ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Transit Services ◽  
Level Information ◽  
The City

There is increasing evidence that ridehailing and other private-for-hire (PfH) services such as taxis and limousines are diverting trips from transit services. One question that arises is where and when PfH services are filling gaps in transit services and where they are competing with transit services that are publicly subsidized. Using weekday trip-level information for trips originating in or destined for the city center of Portland, OR from PfH transportation services (taxis, transportation network companies, limousines) and transit trip data collected from OpenTripPlanner, this study investigated the temporal and spatial differences in travel durations between actual PfH trips and comparable transit trips (the same origin–destination and time of day). This paper contributes to this question and to a growing body of research about the use of ridehailing and other on-demand services. Specifically, it provides a spatial and temporal analysis of the demand for PfH transportation using an actual census of trips for a given 2 week period. The comparison of trip durations of actual PfH trips to hypothetical transit trips for the same origin–destination pairs into or out of the central city gives insights for policy making around pricing and other regulatory frameworks that could be implemented in time and space.

Effect of Changing a Traffic Control Device Color on Driver Behavior and Perception across Different Age Groups

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110111
Author(s):  
Hatem Abou-Senna ◽  
Mohamed El-Agroudy ◽  
Mustapha Mouloua ◽  
Essam Radwan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Driving Conditions ◽  
And Performance

The use of express lanes (ELs) in freeway traffic management has seen increasing popularity throughout the United States, particularly in Florida. These lanes aim at making the most efficient transportation system management and operations tool to provide a more reliable trip. An important component of ELs is the channelizing devices used to delineate the separation between the ELs and the general-purpose lane. With the upcoming changes to the FHWA Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, this study provided an opportunity to recommend changes affecting safety and efficiency on a nationwide level. It was important to understand the impacts on driver perception and performance in response to the color of the EL delineators. It was also valuable to understand the differences between demographics in responding to delineator colors under different driving conditions. The driving simulator was used to test the responses of several demographic groups to changes in marker color and driving conditions. Furthermore, participants were tested for several factors relevant to driving performance including visual and subjective responses to the changes in colors and driving conditions. Impacts on driver perception were observed via eye-tracking technology with changes to time of day, visibility, traffic density, roadway surface type, and, crucially, color of the delineating devices. The analyses concluded that white was the optimal and most significant color for notice of delineators across the majority of subjective and performance measures, followed by yellow, with black being the least desirable.

scholarly journals Social Housing Customization in Brazil

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-601
Author(s):  
Luisa Felix Dalla Vecchia ◽  
Nirce Saffer Medvedovski
Keyword(s):  
Mass Customization ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
Unit Design ◽  
The City ◽  
Development And Evolution ◽  
Housing Units

Social housing customization in Brazil refers to the current processes of development and evolution of government-funded neighborhoods for the lowest-income population. The mass production of small housing units that do not satisfy family needs instigates a self-design and self-construction process post-occupancy to customize the units. Ultimately, these changes to the units bring unintended negative consequences for the families and the city. In this context, mass customization is seen as an alternative to address some of the problems related to unit design.

SPATIAL STRUCTURE TRANSFORMATION OF THE ULAN-UDE CITY WESTERN AND SOUTHERN SUBURBS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
А. Badmaev ◽  
◽  
В. Sharaldaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
City Center ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

The article analyzes the processes of suburbanization and transformation of the spatial structure of the city of Ulan-Ude. Modern trends in the growth of Western and historical factors of development, due to socio-economic and historical factors of development. In the 1990s-2000s, because of the decline in agriculture and, as a result, the lack of jobs, the rural population began to migrate massively to the Buryat Republic’s capital. However, the prices for houses and apartments in the city center were unbearable for many migrants, so the purchase of land plots and the construction of houses were affordable for many. The estrangement of agricultural lands and their inclusion in residential areas allowed the city of Ulan-Ude and suburban areas to somewhat expand the territory of settlements and create a huge number of GNPP (gardeners non-profit partnership) and DNPP (dacha non-profit partnership). The city and suburban areas were not ready for such a flow and were not able to provide the newly arrived migrants with social, road transport and communal infrastructure. As a result, the city was surrounded by a suburbia almost devoid of any infrastructure. There are some elements of false urbanization or squatter area, which is a type of urbanization in which the urban population rapid growth is not accompanied by a commensurate increase in urban functions. In recent years, the growth rate of suburban settlements has decreased, mainly due to mortgages, which have become more affordable for the population and the growth of multi-storey construction. In addition, the village is slowly depleting the human resources that feed the city and the suburbs. In other words, those who wanted to move to the city have already moved

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