scholarly journals Comparison of the Effect of Moringa Extract and Powder on Coliform and BOD Variation with Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew I Aho ◽  
Jonah C Agunwamba
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Better Than

The study investigated the use of moringa extract and powder on coliform and BOD variation with time. Jar test analysis revealed optimum dosages that were used in the experimentation. Raw and waste water samples were treated separately with the extract and powder at detention periods of 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively. Coliform and BOD values of the water samples which were either flocculated or not were measured. The results revealed that, raw water coliform in excess of 1700cfu/ml and BOD of 78mg/L were reduced to 540cfu/ml and 60mg/L after 72 hours of using moringa extract in the treatment. But the same treatment using particle sizes of the powder indicated poor performance, especially in waste water treatment. The study reveals that moringa oleifera extract is comparatively better than powder in raw and waste water treatment.                                                         Key words - Comparison, moringa extract, powder treatment

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of the white lily Moringa oleifera seed extract and its use in water treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 699-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Maria de Andrade ◽  
Krystyna Gorlach-Lira
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

White lily Moringa oleifera seed powder acts as a natural coagulant promoting the reduction of water turbidity by the coagulation and sedimentation of the suspended particles, also eliminating the microorganisms by sedimentation. The aqueous extract of M. oleifera presented an inhibitory capacity for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, whereas the hydroalcoholic extract inhibited S. aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Vibrio cholerae, using the agar diffusion test. Standard strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were resistant to the extracts. The water treatment through the aqueous extract of M. oleifera seeds at 0.02% and 0.01% concentrations was evaluated with the water samples collected in the Sinibu River, Paraíba State, Brazil, using the jar test. The water samples analyzed in this work were characterized by low turbidity (2.8-3.0 NTU), and pH and alkalinity between 5.8-7.3 and 10-30 mg CaCO3/L, respectively. After water treatment with M. oleifera aqueous extract, it was observed that pH, turbidity and alkalinity did not change significantly. Total heterotrophic bacteria counts in the crude water samples were between 1.9 x 10^5 UFC/100 mL and 1.1 x 10^6 CFU/100 mL, while the number of fecal coliforms was between 2.3 x 10^2 NMP/100 mL and 2.4 x 10^3 NMP/100 mL. The counts of total bacteria and fecal coliforms in the water samples treated with aqueous white lily extract at both concentrations tested (0.02% and 0.01%) during the 1.5-hour period did not differ significantly when compared to the untreated water. The results obtained in this work indicate that low turbidity of water influenced the efficacy of M. oleifera extract in the removal of bacteria in the treated water, since the level of coagulation depends on water turbidity.

scholarly journals A Cost-Efficient Charcoal-Based Adsorbent for Waste Water Treatment and Dye Removal

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S4) ◽  
pp. 759-765
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Cost Efficient

Activated charcoal derived from Moringa oleifera, Manihot esculanta, Carica papaya are efficient for waste water treatment and dye removal. Adsorption techniques are used to remove the non-bio degradable pollutants. The produced carbon was exemplified using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Infrared spectroscopy. The discoloration rate was higher at an optimum pH of 5 for all three samples and at an adsorbent dosage of 0.02g/100ml of effluent and the equilibrium was obtained in 10 minutes. Thus, the adsorbents have the prospective for realistic applications. Adsorption isotherms was evaluated by the Freundlich, Langmuir isotherms and higher linear attenuation coefficients showed that the experimental data shows a better fit to Freundlich model (R2 = 0.9987) for Manihot esculenta, Langmuir model for Carica papaya and Moringa oleifera (R2 = 0.9931) (R2 = 0.9959). Kinetic studies were also executed for all the adsorbents and for Manihot esculenta data en suite well to pseudo-second order model (R2 = 0.9966), for Carica papaya (R2 = 0.9986) and for Moringa oleifera investigational data en suite well with Pseudo-first order (R2 = 0.9916) respectively.

Synthesis of CeO2 Porous Nanospheres with Tunable Pore and Particle Sizes and Their Adsorption to Methyl Orange

NANO ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1750132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longfeng Li ◽  
Chengyu Li ◽  
Mingzhu Liu ◽  
Cheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Solvothermal Method ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Ceria Oxide ◽  
Reaction Media

The catalytic performance of ceria oxide (CeO[Formula: see text] was greatly influenced by the materials’ structure and surface area. In this paper, CeO2 porous nanospheres (PNS) with tunable pore and sphere sizes were synthesized by a solvothermal method using diethylene glycol as reaction media. All the as-synthesized CeO2 PNS presented good adsorption capacity for methyl orange, which makes them potential application in waste water treatment conveniently and economically. The control over the sphere and pore sizes of CeO2 PNS was achieved by regulating the volume of water bubble in the reaction system, which supplied limited room for the assembling of preformed CeO2 small nano-precursors.

Performance, design and operation of northern extended aeration plants

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-82
Author(s):  
Patrick W. Given ◽  
Daniel W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Extensive Literature Review ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Freeze Protection

An extensive literature review and a study of unpublished documents were undertaken to summarize information on the performance, design and operation of "northern" extended aeration waste water treatment plants. This information was compared with that for 'non-northern' plants and National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) plants, the latter providing an indication of optimum performance.The study revealed that the northern plants generally performed more poorly than their non-northern counterparts and much worse than the NSF plants.Reasons for poor performance of the northern plants were related to design and operation deficiencies. The most frequently observed conditions indicating design errors were organic and hydraulic overloading. The most common operating errors were failure to scrape hopper-type clarifiers and failure to maintain sludge returns operative.Very few design and operating problems relating specifically to northern plants were identified since many of the smaller plants were encapsulated for freeze protection.

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Conventional and Non-Conventional Flocculants and Disinfectants on Microbial Contaminants in Water Purification

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
F. B. Omiyale ◽  
F. O. Ekundayo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Microbial Contaminants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

This work compares the effect of alum, a conventional flocculant to the bioflocculant isolated from Bacillus subtilis and Moringa oleifera seed powder (non conventional bioflocculants) and chlorine as disinfectant on microbial contaminants in water purification. Bioflocculant was purified from the sand sediments of Onyearugbulem market, jar test method was used in bioflocculating activity and dosage. Bioflocculant purified from Bacillus subtilis isolated from the sediments of Onyearugbulem market stream inhibited the growth of coliform for well, stream and abattoir waste water samples. On the other hand, alum sulfate when compared with bioflocculant at a dosage level of 200 mg for well and stream waters and 800 mg for abattoir waste water yielded flocculating activities of 87.33%, 78.42% and 24.60%. This indicates that purified bioflocculant was more effective than alum sulphate. Bioflocculant produced from Bacillus subtilis should be exploited in water treatment. Moringa oleifera seed powder exhibited both flocculating and disinfecting potentials in water treatment but not effective in the treatment of abattoir waste water. 

scholarly journals Effects of Moringa oleifera Lam. and Azadirachta indica A. Juss. leaf extract in treatment of tannery effluent

Our Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sankar Narayan Sinha ◽  
Dipak Paul ◽  
Karabi Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Tannery Waste ◽  
Tannery Waste Water

The effect of leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica using ethanol as solvent on tannery waste water treatment was investigated for a period of five days and their phytochemical constituents were analyzed. All the extracts were found to be efficient in the clarification and sedimentation of total solids in the tannery waste water sample. On the 5th day, sample treated with 10 ml of extract showed higher reduction of electrical conductivity, pH, chloride, sulfate along with dissolved oxygen. The significant reduction of these pollution indicating parameters of the tannery effluent indicated its high applicability to treat the tannery wastes along with other waste water treatment in near future. This is the first report of decontamination of tannery waste water by Azadirachta indica leaf extract. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. 

scholarly journals STUDI KINERJA ELEKTROKOAGULASI MENGGUNAKAN REAKTOR KONTINU DAN BATCH TERHADAP AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK PERKANTORAN GEDUNG SYARIF THAJEB (M) UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Lidwina Adeline ◽  
Bambang Iswanto ◽  
Muhammad Lindu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Batch System

<p>Berbagai pengembangan proses pengolahan air limbah telah dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hasil pengolahan yang maksimum baik secara fisik, kimia maupun biologi. Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan studi pengaruh waktu tinggal atau waktu reaksi dan voltase dalam proses elektrokimia atau elektrokoagulasi air limbah domestik yang berasal dari Gedung Syarif Thajeb (M), Universitas Trisakti, menggunakan reaktor kontinu dan batch. Variasi waktu tinggal proses elaktrokoagulasi pada tegangan 12,5 VDC menggunakan reaktor kontinu dilakukan mulai dari 1; 3,6; 4; 4,9; 10,1; dan 57,2 menit dan satu sampel untuk setiap perlakuan waktu tinggal dibuat blanko tanpa dilewatkan reaktor elektrokoagulasi untuk penentuan COD awal atau inlet. Air keluar reaktor kemudian diaduk menggunakan alat jar test pada dua tahap, tahap aduk cepat pada 200 rpm selama 1 menit dan aduk lambat 20 menit pada kecepatan 25-30 rpm, lalu sampel didekantasi selama 2 jam kemudian cairan bening diukur nilai COD dengan metode spektrofometer dan TSS dengan gravimetrik. Diperoleh penyisihan COD mulai 55% - 73 % dengan COD inlet bervariasi 141 mg/L – 432 mg/L dan TSS dalam air dekanter  2 – 50 mg/L dan untuk sampel blanko 10 – 143 mg/L.  Elektrokoagulalsi pada reaktor batch dengan waktu reaksi 0; 10; 20; 30; 40 dan 60 menit dilakukan pada voltase  2, 3 dan 4 VDC, dan arus terpakai  0,1 – 0,63 A dengan pengadukan dan waktu decanter sama seperti perlakuan kontinu dan pH air dijaga 6,8-7 dan besarnya penurunan COD diamati  untuk ketiga variasi voltase tidak terjadi perbedaan. Konsentrasi COD turun dengan cepat setelah proses elektrokoagulasi selama 10 menit pertama dengan kisaran 85% untuk ketiga voltase tersebut dan penurunan COD turun secara perlahan untuk waktu elektrokoagulasi setelah 10 menit dan pada elektrokoagulasi 60 menit COD tersisihkan sebesar 93-95%, dengan COD awal 541 mg/L. </p><p>Keywords: Waste Water Treatment, Electrocoagulation, Continuous and Batch System, Voltage, COD </p>

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