scholarly journals Substance Use and Mental Illness among Women Admitted in a Rehabilitation Center in Jos, Nigeria: A 5-Year Profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
CN Nwoga ◽  
DD Dapap ◽  
AY Armiya'u ◽  
MD Audu ◽  
SG Goar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Main Diagnosis ◽  
Rehabilitation Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Substance ◽  
Significant Health

Substance use disorder are among the most common public health problems caused by using legal and/or illegal substances. Therefore, this study is aimed at reviewing a five-year profile of women admitted at a rehabilitation center in Jos, Nigeria for substance use and mental illness. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out on 183 females admitted between 2012 and 2017 at a rehabilitation center in Jos, Nigeria. Data collection was carried out from documents note of these female participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. The mean age of the participants was 38.515.3 years. Almost half of the participants were within the age bracket of 20 – 29 years and married (45.9%). Depressive disorder (36.1%) was the commonest mental disorder in the studied participants. Among those abusing substances, multiple substance use (12.6%) was the most prevalent with alcohol use disorder (9.3%) the main diagnosis among those with substance use disorder. According to the result almost half of the studied participants were young, married and educated females. Depression and multiple substance abuse with alcohol the main drug of abuse was a cause for concern in this population. This portrays significant health and economic consequences and the need for urgent action.

Music-based emotion regulation and healthy and unhealthy music use predict coping strategies in adults with substance use disorder: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
pp. 030573561985452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Coping

While many people use music for emotion regulation, there is a dearth of empirical inquiry investigating if music-based self-regulatory factors correlate with and predict coping in adults with substance use disorder (SUD). The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to explore music-based emotion regulation, healthy and unhealthy music use, and coping strategies in adults with SUD on a detoxification unit via correlational and multiple regression analyses. Participants ( N = 194) completed the Brief Music in Mood Regulation Scale, the Healthy-Unhealthy Music Scale, and the Brief COPE. Correlations and multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine which music-based emotion regulation factors were related to and predicted coping. There were a plethora of significant relationships between music-based factors and coping. Regression results indicated that solace predicted acceptance and entertainment predicted venting. Healthy music use predicted active coping and humor, while unhealthy music use predicted venting, denial, behavioral disengagement, and self-blame. Generally, unhealthy music use predicted maladaptive coping while healthy music use predicted adaptive coping. As music use is common for people with SUD, it seems that music-based emotion regulation training may have the possibility to augment adaptive coping skills with the ultimate goal of increasing the likelihood of recovery.

Perceived Sensitivity to Pain and Responsiveness to Non-noxious Sensation in Substance Use Disorder

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1902-1912
Author(s):  
Naama Assayag ◽  
Yoram Bonneh ◽  
Shula Parush ◽  
Haim Mell ◽  
Ricky Kaplan Neeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensory Responsiveness

Abstract Objective This comparative cross-sectional study aimed to characterize individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) in self-perception of pain sensitivity, experimental auditory aversiveness, and non-noxious sensory responsiveness, as well as examine the associations with SUD. Methods Therapeutic community (TC) individuals with SUD (N = 63, male 88.9%) and healthy controls (N = 60, male 86.7%) completed the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) and the Sensory Responsiveness Questionnaire–Intensity Scale (SRQ-IS), followed by a psychophysical auditory battery, the Battery of Averseness to Sounds (BAS)–Revised. Results The SUD group scored higher on the PSQ (P < 0.0001), BAS-R aversiveness (P < 0.0001), BAS-R-unpleasantness (P < 0.0001), and on the aftersensation of auditory aversiveness (P < 0.0001) and unpleasantness (P < 0.000). Fifty-four percent of the SUD group vs 11.7% of the control group were identified as having sensory modulation dysfunction (SMD; P < 0.0001). Logistic regression modeling revealed that the SRQ-IS-Aversive score had a stronger relationship, indicating a 12.6-times odds ratio for SUD (P = 0.0002). Finally, a risk score calculated from a linear combination of the logistic regression model parameters is presented based on the PSQ and SRQ. Conclusions This is the first study to explore sensory and aversive domains using experimental and self-reporting in situ, revealing pain perception alteration that co-occurs with high prevalence of SMD, specifically of the over-responsive type. Findings may be significant in clinical practice for treating pain, and for expanding therapeutic modalities as part of broader rehabilitation in TC and beyond, to better meet personalized therapy.

scholarly journals Executive functions and emotion regulation in substance use disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Bandeira Formiga ◽  
Melyssa Kellyane Cavalcanti Galdino ◽  
Selene Cordeiro Vasconcelos ◽  
Jayston W. J. Soares Neves ◽  
Murilo Duarte da Costa Lima
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tobacco Use Disorder ◽  
Multiple Substance ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

ABSTRACT Objective The executive functions (EF) and emotion regulation (ER) and their relationship with the substance use disorder (SUD) were analyzed. Methods A cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 130 volunteers divided into three groups: group 01 (n = 60), composed of participants who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for any type of SUD; group 02 (n = 51), with users with alcohol and/or tobacco use disorder; group 03 (n = 19), with users with multiple substance use disorder, including at least one illicit substance. Results Group 02 presented worse performance in EF and ER when compared to group 01, and showed a significant correlation between the working memory and the use of maladaptive ER. Group 03 showed great losses in EF and ER when compared to the other groups. Conclusion This study supports the idea that EF, ER and SUD are related. In addition, it was observed that people with SUD had worse performance in EF and ER when compared to people without SUD, greater damage being observed in people with SUD of polysubstances.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF PREVALENCE AND OTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT ADHD IN SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER PATIENTS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (46) ◽  
pp. 2870-2873
Author(s):  
Dalia Mokhtar Khalil ◽  
Khalid Saad Sherra ◽  
Hesham Mahmoud Abuhegazy ◽  
Nagda El masry M ◽  
Ahmed Kamel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Oral health-related quality of life among a group of patients with substance use disorders in rehabilitation treatment: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Amiri ◽  
Hajar Shekarchizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background Little is known about the effect of illicit drugs on oral health-related quality of life. Our aim was to investigate oral health-related quality among patients with substance use disorder, and its association with dental caries experience and drug use profile. Methods Applying a stratified cluster random sampling method, we conducted a cross-sectional study on 267 in-treatment patients with substance use disorder in Isfahan, Iran in 2016. Self-administered questionnaires requested participants’ demographics and drug use profile. A trained dental student carried out personal interviews utilizing Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) instrument. Clinical examinations were conducted to record dental caries experience. T-test, ANOVA, pearson and spearman correlation coefficient, and linear regression model served for statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Results A great majority of the participants reported past use of opium (85%) followed by heroin (42.7%) and amphetamines (20.2%). The most common routes of drug administration were combined routes (44.6%) followed by smoking (36.7%). The mean score of OIDP was 22.4 ± 8.6. As high as 74.1% of the participants reported at least one OIDP impact. The most prevalent OIDP impact was “difficulty eating” (64.8%). The most prevalent cause of the impacts were “dental decay” and “tooth loss”. No significant association revealed between OIDP and patients’ demographics and drug use profile (p > 0.05). Participants with higher caries experience, reported greater OIDP (p < 0.05). Conclusions There is an oral impact on the daily performance of patients with substance use disorder. Patients with higher caries experience reported greater OIDP. Thus, in addition to normative assessment of oral health, clinicians should consider the patients' self-reported oral problems, and the social and mental aspects of oral conditions.

scholarly journals Substance Use Disorders and Associated Factors Among Adult Psychiatric Patients in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2017. Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117955732198969
Author(s):  
Badiru Dawud ◽  
Eyerusalem Yeshigeta ◽  
Alemayehu Negash ◽  
Almaz Mamaru ◽  
Liyew Agenagnew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Substance use disorders are more common among people with mental illness than in the general population. It makes recovery from mental illness more difficult, leads to frequent thoughts of suicide and re-hospitalization. Objective: Aimed to assess the prevalence of substance use disorders and associated factors among adult psychiatric patients in Jimma Town, Southwest, Ethiopia, 2017. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 300 patients with mental illness using the case tracing method. Participants were interviewed using the alcohol use disorder identification test questionnaire to assess Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Fagerstrom test tool for nicotine dependence and structured questionnaires were utilized to assess the socio-demographic characteristics of participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The variable that showed association with AUD and nicotine dependence at P < .25 in the bivariate analysis was entered into multivariable logistic regressions to control confounders for both outcome variables independently. The significance of association was determined by P < .05 and strength was described using an adjusted odds ratio at a 95% confidence level. Results: The prevalence of alcohol use disorder and nicotine dependence was 14.3% and 23.3%, respectively. Female gender (AOR 0.15, 95% CI = 0.04-0.57), starting treatment within the first month of the onset of the illness (AOR 0.20, 95% CI = 0.05-0.82) and nicotine dependence(AOR 4.84, 95% CI = 1.85-12.67) associated with AUD. Additionally, being female (AOR 0.04, 95% CI = 0.01-0.25), joblessness (AOR 3.05, 95% CI = 1.30-7.16), absence of relapse of illness (AOR 0.18, 95% CI = 0.065-0.503), no improvement in illness (AOR 5.3, 95% CI = 1.70-16.50), and current khat use (AOR 3.09, 95% CI = 1.21-7.90) were associated with nicotine dependence. Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of substance use disorders among psychiatric patients in the community. Being female, experiencing a shorter duration of illness before initiating treatment, and nicotine-dependence were significantly associated with AUD. On the other hand, female sex and absence of relapse of illness were negatively associated with nicotine dependence whereas, joblessness, less improvement of illness, and khat chewing were positively associated with it. Therefore, services on substance use disorders have to be extended to the community level with wide-scale training for the town’s health care providers, including health extension workers who have direct contact with these individuals. Accordingly, comprehensive and suitable interventions were advised to be provided on factors contributing to substance use disorders in general.

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