scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition and Effect of Nauclea Latifolia Aqueous Extracts on Blood Glucose Levels of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Albino Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
D O Ochalefu ◽  
G I Adoga ◽  
C D Luka ◽  
H A Abu ◽  
E O O Amali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Nauclea Latifolia

Researches targeted at understanding and controlling abnormally high level of blood glucose in Diabetes mellitus are ongoing. In spite of many available anti-diabetic drugs in the market, safer and cheaper remedies from plant material are being sought for due to the unwanted side effects of these drugs. In this research work, we looked at the beneficial blood glucose lowering effect of the plant Nauclea latifolia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino Wistar rats. The extracts were first screened for the presence of phytochemicals using standard methods and the result showed the presence of saponins, tannins, reducing sugar, phlobatannins, anthraquinone, flavonoids, steroids and alkaloids. The study design involved 30 male albino Wistar rats which were divided into 6 groups. Groups 1 and 2 represent the Normal Control and Diabetic Control respectively. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were Diabetic rats treated orally with 500mg/kg body weight of aqueous extracts of Stem-bark, Leaves and Root-bark respectively while Group 6 were Diabetic rats treated with 5mg/kg body weight of Glibenclamide. The extracts and Glibenclamide were administered for 28 days. Blood glucose levels were determined on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 by tail tipping method using Glucometer (Accu-Chek, Manheim, Germany). The extracts and Glibenclamide reduced significantly (p<0.05) the Fasting Blood Glucose levels in the diabetic treated rats compared with the Diabetic Control. Amongst the extracts the root-bark is more efficacious, decreasing the glucose level by 49.80% while the stem-bark and leaves brought about reduction by 28.76% and 12.15% respectively. The findings imply that the extracts of this plant have blood glucose lowering ability and should be further evaluated for its beneficial effect in Diabetes mellitus management.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic and anti-oxidant activities of the methanol leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina in alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adegbolagun T. Adeoye ◽  
Ademola A. Oyagbemi ◽  
Aduragbenro D. Adedapo ◽  
Temidayo O. Omobowale ◽  
Abiodun E. Ayodele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The methanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina (MLVA) was assessed to evaluate its antidiabetic potential in rats. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by the administration of alloxan monohydrate at 100 mg/kg of body weight. After 48 h, rats with fasting blood glucose levels of 200 mg/dL and above were considered diabetic and used for the study. The experimental animals were grouped into five groups (A–E) of 10 animals each. Group A rats were non-diabetic normal control, Group B consisted of diabetic control rats that received no treatment, groups C, D and E rats were diabetic rats but treated with glibenclamide, 200 and 400 mg/kg doses of MLVA respectively. Blood samples were collected at days 14 and 28 after induction for haematological and serum biochemical indices such as triglycerides, LDL, cholesterols etc. The intestine was collected and intestinal homogenate was prepared for the antioxidant studies. The extract at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses significantly (p < 0.05) reduced blood glucose levels in extract-treated diabetic rats and also significantly increased weight gain in these rats. Most haematological parameters in treated rats experienced, while platelets and neutrophils were decreased. Biochemical indices measured were reduced in MLVA-treated groups compared with diabetic control. Treatment with MLVA also produced significant (p < 0.05) decrease in markers of oxidative stress but increased levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant markers in intestinal homogenates of treated groups compared with diabetic control. This study showed that V. amygdalina has antihyperglycaemic and in vivo antioxidant effects.

scholarly journals The Effect of Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Bilimbi L.) and Red Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Extract on Fasting Blood Glucose Levels of Diabetic Wistar Rats Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Yesi Warisman ◽  
Arinda Lironika Suryana ◽  
Zora Olivia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with special characteristic which increased blood glucose level (hiperglicemic), its happens because of the abnormality of insulin secretion, insulin mechanisme or both of them. Belimbing wuluh and red guava extract can become alternative functional drink that contain rich of vitamin C to help controlling blood glucose level. The aimed of this study was to determined the effect of belimbing wuluh and red guava extract on blood glucose levels of Rattus novergicus strain Wistar diabetic model. This research was an true experimental study with a randomized post-test control group design. Twentyfour (24) male wistar strain rats weighing 200-250 grams, aged 2-3 months, were divided into 4 groups. The control group (K-) non-diabetic rats, the control group (K+) diabetic rats given standard diet, and the treatment group diabetic rats given standard diet and belimbing wuluh and red guava extract intervetion doses 10,7 ml/day (P1) and 21ml/day (P2). Measurement of pretest posttest fasting blood glucose levels was carried out using biolyzer. The data were analyzed by One Way Anova test. The results showed that there were significant differences in delta pretest and posttest fasting blood glucose levels between all groups. Blood glucose levels decreased at 55.6%. In conclusion, belimbing wuluh and red guava extract 21ml/day most effectively decreased fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic wistar rats moldel.   Keywords: belimbing wuluh, blood glucose level, diabetes mellitus, red guava

scholarly journals Antidiabetic activity of curry leaves Murraya koenigii on glucose level, kidney and islets of langerhans in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imad M. Al-Ani ◽  
Rahajoe I. Santosa ◽  
Muhammad H. Yankuzo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Curry Leaves ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

Introduction: This study examined the antihyperglycemic effect of curry leaves, Murraya koenigii “MK” aqueous extract, and to examine its possible protective effects on the Islets of Langerhans and kidneys in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.  Methods: Thirty healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into five groups (n=6); normal control, normal treated with “MK” control, diabetic control (non-treated with “MK”), diabetic treated with 200mg/kg MK aqueous leaf extract and diabetic treated with 400mg/kg MK aqueous leaf extract. Blood glucose levels and body weight were monitored. The animals were sacrificed on the 30th day; the kidney and pancreatic tissues were processed for histological studies. Results: The diabetic control group significantly (p<0.001) showed considerable loss of body weight and increase in blood glucose levels and degeneration of the glomeruli and renal convoluted tubules and atrophied islets with disintegration of β-cells. Treatment of diabetic rats with aqueous extract showed significant (p<0.001) improvement in blood glucose levels and body weight gain.  The MK extract also caused an improvement in tissue injury induced by STZ injection in the kidney and endocrine pancreas.  Conclusions: These findings highlighted the beneficial effects of MK aqueous extract against cellular oxidative damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

Dioscorea dumetorum-Fed Rats Exhibited Decreased Body Weight, Blood Glucose, and Insulin in STZ-induced Diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrietta Aritetsoma Ogbunugafor ◽  
Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe ◽  
Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku ◽  
Chinwe Nonyelum Ezekwesili ◽  
Chike Samuel Okafor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Background: Preventive measures that could slow down the rising incidences of diabetes mellitus are essential. The use of neglected local foods, which have effects on this chronic disease beyond basic nutrition as dietary controls, is desirable.Objective: The effect of Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax (Dioscoreaceae) feed on satiety, weight, blood glucose, and insulin levels were investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Twenty adult male rats in four groups of five were used for the experiment. Three groups – D. dumetorum, glibenclamide, and standard pellet-fed rats were induced with diabetes by i.p. administration of 50mg kg-1 streptozotocin, while the fouth group (?) served as a non-diabetic control. D. dumetorum was fed at 15g daily for ten days before induction, and after induction, feeding continued. Glibenclamide was orally administered 5mg kg-1 daily. Both the untreated and non-diabetic rats were kept on standard rat pellets. Feed intake, weight, and blood glucose concentration were monitored daily, while insulin level was measured on day two and day six after inductions. Results: Average feed intake for non-diabetic rats was 15g for D. dumetorum per day, which dropped to 10.3g after induction of diabetes. Weight of normal non-diabetic rats consistently increased (142.61 ± 4.37g – 169.43 ± 8.61g) for the duration (17 days) of the experiment. The D. dumetorum-fed rats showed weight reduction of 5.4%, glibenclamide 4.0%, and untreated diabetic 6.15%. Non-diabetic rats blood glucose levels ranged between 70 to 100mg dL-1. Streptozotocin (STZ) (i.p.) administration increased blood glucose levels from 370% to 626% in the rats. D. dumetorum-fed rats showed reduced (p<0.05) blood glucose levels of 22.6%. Glibenclamide had 5.5% reduction (p<0.05). Insulin was absent in D. dumetorum-fed rats, whereas 0.95ng ml-1 of insulin was detected in glibenclamide-administered rats. These quantities were lower (p<0.001) than 1.40ng ml-1 in the non-diabetic rats. Conclusion: This study revealed that D. dumetorum tuber caused decreased hunger, weight reduction, and displayed hypoglycemic property in diabetic rats, even after heat treatment. Its probable mechanism of anti-hyperglycemic activity might not be through increased insulin secretion.Key words: D. dumetorum, streptozotocin-induced diabetes, weight, blood glucose, insulin.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF PORTULACA GRANDIFLORA HOOK PLANT EXTRACT ON STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETES IN RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
DEVI M ◽  
KOMAL S ◽  
LOGESHWARI B
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Portulaca Grandiflora ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extract of the whole aerial plant of Portulaca grandiflora Hook on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Experimental diabetes was induced by a single dose of intraperitoneal injection of STZ (150 mg/kg). Adult male Wister albino rats were divided into five groups; normal control, diabetic control, diabetic glibenclamide (5 mg/kg), diabetic P. grandiflora H. extract (200 mg/kg), and diabetic P. grandiflora H. extract (400 mg/kg) for 21 days and analyzed for body weight (BW) and blood glucose. Results: The STZ-treated diabetic control rats showed a significant increase in blood glucose with a concomitant decrease in BW. Oral administration of P. grandiflora H. extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) for 21 days showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels and elevation in the bodyweight studies as compared to control and glibenclamide-treated rats. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that a potent antidiabetic activity was present in the aerial part of plant P. grandiflora H. extract.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic effect of aqueous stem bark extract of Parinari macrophylla in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Alhassan Ibrahim ◽  
Muhammed Sani Abdussalami ◽  
Joseph Appah ◽  
Abdullahi Hussein Umar ◽  
Aminu Alhassan Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Background Diabetes is a major public health problem with increasing prevalence globally. Plant-based medicines for diabetes are gaining popularity across the world due to perceptions of efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness. The plant, Parinari macrophylla, has been widely reported to possess potent ethnomedicinal properties especially in the northern part of Nigeria. However, there has been no scientific documentation of this plant to be used as an antidiabetic agent. The objective of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic effect of aqueous stem bark extract of P. macrophylla in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Phytochemical screening and acute toxicity studies were conducted. Wistar rats weighing between 100 and 150 g were used for the study and diabetes was induced using alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The animals were treated with different doses of aqueous stem bark extract of P. macrophylla (1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. Blood glucose levels and body weight were then monitored. Histopathological investigation of pancreatic tissue was also conducted. Results The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, steroids, and triterpenes as secondary metabolites. The acute toxicity test revealed no mortality with a median lethal dose determined to be above 5000 mg/kg. Although the two different doses of aqueous stem bark extract of P. macrophylla decreased blood glucose levels at weeks 1 and 2, a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was only observed for the group treated with 2000 mg/kg dose compared to the diabetic control group at week 2. The histological investigation revealed that the two different doses of aqueous stem bark extract of P. macrophylla caused regeneration of pancreatic islet cells, with the 2000 mg/kg dose being more evident. Conclusion This study suggests that the stem bark extract of P. macrophylla possesses a potent antidiabetic effect and may potentially be used to treat diabetes and associated complications. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Phytochemical Evaluation and Anti-Diabetic Effects of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Petersianthus macrocarpus on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Aligwekwe A. Ugochukwu ◽  
Idaguko C. Anna
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiac Glycoside ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Islet Of Langerhans ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extracts of Petersianthus macrocarpus leaf and its phytochemical analysis using different solvents. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out between March and September in 2018 in the Department of Anatomy, Madonna University, Elele. River State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Twenty five Wistar rats, weighing between 200-225g were divided into five groups of five rats.  Group A (Control) while Groups B, C, D and E were induced with diabetes using streptozotocin firstly 35mg/kg b.w; and 2 weeks later 25mg/kg b.w.  Group B (Diabetic control), Group C received 0.5mg/kg b.w of Glibenclamide. Groups D and E received daily 50 and 100 mg/kg b.w of ethanolic leaf extract of P. macrocarpus orally for two weeks. The fasting blood glucose levels were determined weekly for two weeks. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed and the pancreas was removed for histological procedures. Results: The body weights increased significantly (P<0.05) in 100 mg/kg b.w group when compared to the diabetic control rats weight at the end of the experiment. Also there was a significantly decreased (P<0.05) in blood glucose levels in P. macrocarpus (100mg/kg b.w). The histological section of the pancreas of diabetic control showed eosinophilic material in the islet, shrinkage of the islet of Langerhans while the group treated with 100 mg/kg of extract showed granulated and well prominent pancreatic islet of Langerhans. Phytochemical screening showed methanolic extract of P. macrocarpus leaf having alkaloid, saponin, tannin, phenol, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside, steroids, terpenoids, anthocyanin and anthraquinone. However, cardiac glycosides and steroids were absent in ethanolic extract. Cardiac glycoside and terpenoids were also absent in hexane and acetone extract, while phenol, cardiac glycosides, steroids and anthrocyanin were absent in the water extract. Conclusion: Ethanolic leaf extract of P. macrocarpus ameliorate streptozotocin-induced diabetes in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Antihyperglycaemic and haematological effects of ethanol extract of Salacia lehmbachii leaf in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-400
Author(s):  
Godwin Christian Akuodor ◽  
Pius Monday Udia ◽  
Sylvester Chika Ohadoma ◽  
Ifeanyi M. Obi ◽  
Anthony Uchenna Megwas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Introduction: Salacia lehmbachii is used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the hypoglycaemic potentials of ethanol leaf extract of S. lehmbachii and its effects on alloxan-induced diabetic rats’ haematological parameters. Methods: A total of 36 male Wistar rats including normal, diabetic untreated, and diabetic treated ones were used in this study. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg of alloxan. When confirmed diabetes, the rats were orally administered 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg daily of the leaf extract for 21 days. The blood glucose levels and haematological parameters were determined in diabetic treated rats compared with the controls. Results: The ethanol leaf extract of S. lehmbachii significantly reduced the blood glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic rats when compared with the diabetic control (P < 0.01). The extract also significantly (P < 0.01) improved the haematological parameters of treated rats at three doses employed. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the ethanol leaf extract of S. lehmbachii possesses antihyperglycaemic properties and could be considered a potential candidate for the development of new drugs in the treatment of anaemic conditions.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Aqueous Extract of Carica papaya Leaf on the Liver of Streptozotocin (STZ)-Induced Diabetic Adult Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. J. Ajibade ◽  
P. B. Fakunle ◽  
T. J. Adetunji ◽  
B. D. Kehinde
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group B

Carica papaya Linn. (Family: Caricaceae) is a perennial, herbaceous plant used traditionally among the Yoruba tribe of Nigeria for the treatment of various human and veterinary diseases including malaria, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, Jaundice, intestinal helminthiasis. Therefore, this study was designed to assess some of the effects of aqueous extract of C. papaya leaf on the liver of Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic adult wistar rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg STZ freshly dissolved in 0.1M Sodium Citrate at PH buffer at 4.5. Hyperglycemia was confirmed four days after injection by measuring the tail vein blood glucose level with an Accu-Check Sensor Comfort Glucometer (Roche, Mexico City). Only the animals with fasting blood glucose levels <200 mg/dl were considered diabetic. A total number of 48 adult wistar rats weighing between 100 -250 g of both sexes were used for this study. The rats were acclimatized to the experimental room having temperature of 25°C. Four groups were used for this study, group A served as the control which were fed with feeds and water ad libitum daily for six weeks and group B,C &D  were induced with 60 mg/kg of STZ after which were diagnosed of diabetes after 4 days of induction. Group B served as the diabetic control group and were fed with only feed and water ad libitum daily for six weeks whereas, group C and D were treated with different doses of C. papaya extract (1.5 and 3.0 mg/100 mL) as drinking water daily for six week and were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the liver was removed and weighed before fixing in 10% formol saline for histological procedures. The result showed a significant decrease in body weight of diabetic -induced rats (P<0.05) while the body weights  increased significantly (P<0.05) in diabetic induced rats treated  with 1.5 and 3.0 g/100 mL of the aqueous extract of C. Papaya leaves when the initial and final weights of the rats were compared at the end of treatment. However, the liver weights increased significantly (P<0.05) in diabetic induced rats when compared with the diabetic rats treated with extract. The aqueous extract of C. papaya (1.5 and 3.0 g/100 mL) significantly decreased (P<0.05) blood glucose levels in diabetic treated rats. There was significant increase in serum biomarker enzymes: ALT, AST and ALP in diabetic rats (Group B) at P<0.05 when compared with control rats (Group A). Conversely, biomarker hepatic enzymes: ALT, AST and ALP decreased significantly (P<0.05) in diabetic rats treated with 1.5 and 3.0 g/100 mL aqueous extract of C. papaya leaves when compared with both Group A and Group B. The histological section of the liver of diabetic rats treated with 3.0 g/100 mL aqueous extract of C. papaya leaves showed improvement in hepatic histo-architecture as the extract ameliorated hepatic morphological disruption occasioned by induced diabetes in wistar rats. This study concluded that aqueous extract of C. papaya leaf ameliorated hepatic induced damage in the liver of Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic adult wistar rats.

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