scholarly journals A Rare Case Report of ‘Fetus in Fetu’ in a One Year Eight Month Old Child

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Manas Mukul Mandal ◽  
Rohit Shaw ◽  
Narendranath Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Sumon Kumar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Palpable Mass ◽  
Fetus In Fetu ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Abdominal Masses ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Vertebral Bodies ◽  
One Year ◽  
Malignant Germ Cell Tumors

Fetus in fetu is a very unusual pathology in which a deformed underdeveloped fetus is found inside the body of another child. It is an uncommon abnormality and thought to be a result of abnormal embryogenesis in the case of diamniotic monochorionic pregnancy. Most commonly presents as a palpable mass in the abdomen. Imaging modalities can reveal the presence of bony elements within the mass cavity like vertebral bodies, long bones, and even underdeveloped organ systems. It should be differentiated from mature or well-organized teratoma & other causes of infantile abdominal masses like Nephroblastoma, Neuroblastoma, Hydronephrosis & malignant germ cell tumors in undescended testis. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. To date around two hundred cases have been reported worldwide.

scholarly journals Histologic Findings in Surgical Pathology Specimens From Individuals Taking Feminizing Hormone Therapy for the Purpose of Gender Transition: A Systematic Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia R. Andrews ◽  
Archan Kakadekar ◽  
Robert L. Schmidt ◽  
Paari Murugan ◽  
Dina N. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surgical Pathology ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Organ Systems

Context.— Transgender women experience health disparities in all areas of medicine. Within surgical pathology, knowledge gaps relating to the concepts of transgender care exist. Medical transition for transgender women and transfeminine persons may involve hormone therapy and/or surgery to feminize the body. Understanding the common histologic changes in specimens from feminizing surgeries, as well as other specimens from patients on feminizing hormone therapy, will aid surgical pathologists in providing better care to this unique patient population. Objective.— To summarize histologic findings in surgical pathology specimens from transgender women taking feminizing hormones. Data Sources.— A systematic review of the OVID Medline and PubMed databases was performed to identify all studies describing histologic findings in surgical pathology specimens from transgender women from 1946 to 2019. Conclusions.— Much of the literature to date describing histologic findings in transgender women comes from the examination of genitourinary specimens removed during feminizing surgeries. Common benign changes associated with feminizing hormone therapy include the development of acini and lobules in the breast, testicular tubular changes, and squamous metaplasia of the prostate and urethra. Neoplastic cases include breast adenocarcinoma and fibroepithelial lesions, testicular germ cell tumors, prostatic adenocarcinoma, anal squamous cell carcinoma, pituitary adenomas, and meningiomas. Additional studies assessing the findings in other organ systems as well as population-based studies assessing rates of neoplasia are needed. However, future research relies on engagement within the surgical pathology community as well as collaboration with clinicians and patients to achieve optimal results.

scholarly journals Fetus In Fetu — A Mystery in Medicine

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Majhi ◽  
K. Saha ◽  
M. Karmakar ◽  
K. Sinha Karmakar ◽  
A. Sen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Retroperitoneal Mass ◽  
Fetus In Fetu ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Parasitic Twin ◽  
Vertebral Bodies ◽  
Well Differentiated

Fetus in Fetu (FIF) is a rare condition where a monozygotic diamnionic parasitic twin is incorporated into the body of its fellow twin and grows inside it. FIF is differentiated from teratoma by the presence of vertebral column. An eight year old girl presented with an abdominal swelling which by X-ray, ultrasonography and CT scan revealed a fetiform mass containing long bones and vertebral bodies surrounded by soft tissue situated on right lumber region. On laparotomy, a retroperitoneal mass resembling a fetus of 585 gm was removed. It had a trunk and four limbs with fingers and toes, umbilical stump, intestinal loops and abundant scalp hairs but was devoid of brain and heart. Histology showed various well-differentiated tissues in respective sites. FIF is a mystery in reproduction and it is scarce in literature in such well-developed stage.

On the necessity for postchemotherapy surgery for residual abdominal masses in metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) of testis

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5088-5088
Author(s):  
S. J. Harland ◽  
R. Welch ◽  
R. Huddart ◽  
S. Stenning ◽  
P. Pollock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection ◽  
Chemotherapy Response ◽  
Abdominal Masses ◽  
Residual Masses ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Masses

5088 Background: Residual abdominal masses after chemotherapy for metastatic NSGCT of testis may contain viable tumor-derived tissue which can be a nidus for relapse of disease, particularly when the tissue is frankly malignant. This justifies routine retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) for large masses where malignant tissue is found at an appreciable rate. Yet RPLND is often carried out for smaller, or even absent, residual masses and differentiated teratoma (TD) is commonly found. There is little data on the consequence of leaving these smaller masses in situ, which is the practice in some units in the UK. Methods: 51 patients were identified from the MRC patients entered into the TE20 trial of 3 vs 4 cycles of BEP for good prognosis metastatic NSGCT who fell into the following category: metastatic NSGCT, residual abdominal mass only, unresected post-chemotherapy, response evaluation: CR or PR marker -ve. Collaborators were asked to report on mass size, relapse status, whether an operation was ever performed and the latest CT appearance. Results: 51/51 responses were received. Follow-up from the end of chemotherapy was >3years in all but two cases and the median was 5 years. When later surgery was carried out, for persistence or enlargement of the masses, the specimens contained TD with or without necrosis. One patient suffered a relapse one year after the surgery which took place 4.5 years after chemotherapy. Of the 41 patients who did not undergo surgery, 37 were considered on subsequent CTs to have normal appearances without further treatment. Conclusions: For patients with small residual masses in good prognosis metastatic disease no short or medium term benefit from routine surgery would have been seen. Its role in this situation is therefore questionable. For larger (>14mm) masses the need for routine surgery merits further study. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Perbedaan Efektivitas Pemberian Origami Dan Playdough Terhadap Perkembangan Pada Anak Prasekolah Kelompok A Di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Kota Kediri

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halimatus Saidah ◽  
Yunida Septiyanty
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Key Words Development ◽  
Children Development ◽  
Research Show

ABSTRAKPerkembangan (development) adalah bertambahnya kemampuan atau fungsi semua sistem organ tubuh sebagai akibat bertambahnya kematangan atau maturitas fungsi sistem organ tubuh (Dewi, 2013). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas pemberian origami dan playdough terhadap perkembangan pada anak prasekolah kelompok A di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal tahun 2018.Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pre eksperiment dengan pendekatan pre-test and post-test Design. Populasi yang diteliti adalah seluruh anak kelompok A di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal berjumlah 56 anak dengan teknik purposive sampling diperoleh sampel 36 responden. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar KPSP. Hasil penelitian kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan wilcoxon signed rank.Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukan bahwa perkembangan anak sebelum pelaksanaan pemberian Origami didapatkan setengahnya perkembangan anak meragukan, setelah pelaksanaan didapatkan hampir seluruhnya perkembangan anak sesuai. Perkembangan anak sebelum pelaksanaan pemberian Playdough didapatkan sebagian besar perkembangan anak meragukan, setelah pelaksanaan didapatkan sebagian besar perkembangan anak sesuai. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada pengaruh pemberian permainan origami dan permainan Playdough terhadap perkembangan anak kelompok A di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Tahun 2018 dengan hasil ρ-value = 0,001 ɑ = 0,05 dari kelompok origami dan ρ-value = 0,007 ɑ = 0,05 dari kelompok playdough, sedangkan hasil analisis perbedaan adanya perbedaan efektivitas pengaruh pemberian permainan origami dan playdough terhadap perkembangan anak pada kelompok A di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Tahun 2018 dengan hasil ρ-value = 0,043 ɑ = 0,05.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh permainan origami dan playdough terhadap perkembangan anak pada kelompok A di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Tahun 2018. Diharapkan kepada orang tua maupun guru untuk lebih meningkatkan frekuensi dalam memberi stimulus permainan terutama permainan origami yang diberikan kepada anak. Kata Kunci : Perkembangan , Anak Prasekolah,  Origami, Playdough ABSTRACTDevelopment is increasing ability or function of all organ systems of the body as a result of increasing maturity or maturity function of the organ system of the body (Dewi, 2013). The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness difference of origami and playdough on development in preschoolers group A in Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Kindergarten in 2018.The research design used is research pre eksperiment with approach pre-test dan post-test. The population studied was all group A children in kindergarten Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal amounted to 56 children with purposive sampling technique obtained sample 36 respondents. The research instrument used is KPSP sheet. The results were then analyzed by using wilcoxon signed rank.The results of the research show that the development of children before the implementation of giving Origami found half of child development doubt, after the implementation is obtained almost entirely the child's development accordingly. Child development prior to the implementation of Playdough gift obtained most of the development of children doubt, after the implementation is obtained most of the child's development accordingly.  The results of the analysis show that there is an effect of giving origami game and Playdough game to the child development group A in Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Kindergarten Year 2018 with the result ρ-value = 0.001 ɑ = 0.05 from the origami group and ρ-value = 0.007 ɑ = 0.05 of the playdough group, while the result of difference analysis that is difference between origami and playdough influence to children development in group A diiyah Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Year 2018 with result of ρ-value = 0,043 ɑ = 0,05.Based on the research results can be concluded there is influence of origami and playdough on the development of children in group A in Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Kindergarten Year 2018. Expected to parents and teachers to increase the frequency of giving stimulus especially the origami given to the child. Key Words : Development, children preschool, Origami, Playdough

Linezolid Induced Skin Reactions in a Multi Drug Resistant Infective Endocarditis Patient: A Rare Case

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha K. Rajan ◽  
Ananth Kashyap ◽  
Manik Chhabra ◽  
Muhammed Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Multiple Drugs

Rationale: Linezolid (LNZ) induced Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (CADRs) have rare atypical presentation. Till date, there are very few published case reports on LNZ induced CADRs among the multidrug-resistant patients suffering from Infective Endocarditis (MDR IE). Here, we present a rare case report of LNZ induced CARs in a MDR IE patient. Case report: A 24-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital with chief complaints of fever (101°C) associated with rigors, chills, and shortness of breath (grade IV) for the past 4 days. She was diagnosed with MDR IE, having a prior history of rheumatic heart disease. She was prescribed LNZ 600mg IV BD for MDR IE, against Staphylococcus coagulase-negative. The patient experienced flares of cutaneous reactions with multiple hyper-pigmented maculopapular lesions all over the body after one week of LNZ therapy. Upon causality assessment, she was found to be suffering from LNZ induced CADRs. LNZ dose was tapered gradually and discontinued. The patient was prescribed corticosteroids along with other supportive care. Her reactions completely subsided and infection got controlled following 1 month of therapy. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals should be vigilant for rare CADRs, while monitoring the patients on LNZ therapy especially in MDR patients as they are exposed to multiple drugs. Moreover, strengthened spontaneous reporting is required for better quantification.

scholarly journals Congenital Lumbar Hernia in an 8-Month-Old Boy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 431-435
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mansy ◽  
Mostafa Kotb ◽  
Mohamed Abouheba
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Lumbar Hernia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Operative Repair ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Organ Systems

Congenital lumbar hernias are uncommonly seen in the pediatric age group, with only about 60 cases reported in the literature. It is usually accompanied by a multitude of congenital anomalies involving different organ systems of the body. For instance, it may involve the ribs, spine, muscles, and the kidneys. Herein, we report a case of congenital lumbar hernia in an 8-month-old boy who underwent an operative repair using a mesh with an uneventful outcome.

scholarly journals Gynecologic Malignancies in Children and Adolescents: How Common is the Uncommon?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Christoph Wohlmuth ◽  
Iris Wohlmuth-Wieser
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Gynecologic Malignancies ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Disease Stages ◽  
Malignant Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Vaginal Neoplasms

The aim of this study is to assess the projected incidence and prognostic indicators of gynecologic malignancies in the pediatric population. In this population-based retrospective cohort study, girls ≤18 years with ovarian, uterine, cervical, vaginal and vulvar malignancies diagnosed between 2000 and 2016 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-18 registry. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze overall survival (OS). The age-adjusted annual incidence of gynecologic malignancies was 6.7 per 1,000,000 females, with neoplasms of the ovary accounting for 87.5%, vagina 4.5%, cervix 3.9%, uterus 2.5% and vulva 1.6% of all gynecologic malignancies. Malignant germ-cell tumors represented the most common ovarian neoplasm, with an increased incidence in children from 5–18 years. Although certain subtypes were associated with advanced disease stages, the 10-year OS rate was 96.0%. Sarcomas accounted for the majority of vaginal, cervical, uterine and vulvar malignancies. The majority of vaginal neoplasms were observed in girls between 0–4 years, and the 10-year OS rate was 86.1%. Overall, gynecologic malignancies accounted for 4.2% of all malignancies in girls aged 0–18 years and the histologic subtypes and prognosis differed significantly from patients in older age groups.

scholarly journals Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3822
Author(s):  
Riccardo Di Fiore ◽  
Sherif Suleiman ◽  
Francesca Pentimalli ◽  
Sharon A. O’Toole ◽  
John J. O’Leary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Gynecological Cancers ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Diagnosis Therapy ◽  
Malignant Germ Cell Tumors

Gynecological cancers pose an important public health issue, with a high incidence among women of all ages. Gynecological cancers such as malignant germ-cell tumors, sex-cord-stromal tumors, uterine sarcomas and carcinosarcomas, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, vulvar carcinoma and melanoma of the female genital tract, are defined as rare with an annual incidence of <6 per 100,000 women. Rare gynecological cancers (RGCs) are associated with poor prognosis, and given the low incidence of each entity, there is the risk of delayed diagnosis due to clinical inexperience and limited therapeutic options. There has been a growing interest in the field of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs of ∼22 nucleotides in length, because of their potential to regulate diverse biological processes. miRNAs usually induce mRNA degradation and translational repression by interacting with the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of target mRNAs, as well as other regions and gene promoters, as well as activating translation or regulating transcription under certain conditions. Recent research has revealed the enormous promise of miRNAs for improving the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of all major gynecological cancers. However, to date, only a few studies have been performed on RGCs. In this review, we summarize the data currently available regarding RGCs.

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