scholarly journals ABIOTIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF LAKE NERO ACCORDING TO MATHEMATICAL MODELING. 2. TWO-PHASE MASS TRANSFER IN THE WATER AREA

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Sh. Pozdnyakov ◽  
S. Kondratiev ◽  
M. Shmakova
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Analytical Formula ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Aquatic Area ◽  
Project Proposal ◽  
Design Solutions

For the shallow Lake Nero, calculations of currents, sediment transport and the intensity of bottom reformation in various hydrometeorological situations were performed. The calculations were carried out using a two-dimensional model of currents and sediment transport in a shallow reservoir and an analytical formula for sediment discharge developed at the Institute of Limnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Numerical experiments have been carried out to assess the possible consequences of the implementation of two design solutions aimed at improving water exchange for the recovery of Lake Nero. According to the first decision, it was planned to excavate bottom sediments within the city limits of Rostov in order to increase the depths in the coastal zone of the lake. Calculations showed that for a section of the water area with a deep bottom, the current velocities decrease several times (in some areas, to zero values). The sediment rate will slightly increase directly in the deepening section due to the increase in the cross-sectional area of the flow. Therefor this event will not bring any positive effect. The second project proposal was to be aimed at increasing the transit capacity of the longitudinal section of the aquatic area from the mouth of the main tributary of Sara River to the inflow of Veksa River. Calculations have shown that an increase in depth along the indicated trajectory while maintaining the transferred amount of water masses will also lead to a decrease in the speed of currents. Based on the simulation, it can be concluded that the practical implementation of the presented design solutions will not lead to an improvement in water exchange in the lake, but also vice versa, will contribute to the formation of stagnant zones, especially for the first proposed design solution.

SELF-PURIFICATION OF SEA COASTAL WATER AREAS UNDER CLIMATIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Tatyana Khmara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Anthropogenic Change ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

The ability of a bay and gulf ecosystems to self-purification was estimated and the current ecological state of the Sevastopol Bay in whole and the separated parts of the bay was given as an example. A zoning by type of anthropogenic impact subject to the water exchange with the open sea and an influence of the Chernaya River run-off were taken into account. A comparative analysis of assimilation capacity of the most environmentally disadvantaged part of the Sevastopol Bay (the Southern Bay) and the clean water area, bordering on the open sea, was carried out. The hydrodynamic regime of the Sevastopol Bay was described using numerical modelling. The prospect, opportunity and examples of the methodology for assessing the assimilation capacity of marine ecosystems are demonstrated.

Functional Design Methodology Based on Knowledge Databases Achievements

2015 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 865-870
Author(s):  
Manuela Roxana Dijmărescu ◽  
Dragoș Iliescu ◽  
Marian Gheorghe
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Functional Design ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Early Phases

Various architectures exposing certain phases of the design process have been developed. A closer analysis of the presented timelines is leading more to postpone the design solution rather than advancing it in the early phases. This paper advances a new architecture for the design process with the main emphasize on the product functional design, based on functional-constructive knowledge stored in databases, and on the principle of selecting design solutions in an incipient phase and developing them during the further design process stages.

Performance and Complexity Trade Study of Candidate Liquid Air Generation Techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masis Torosyan ◽  
Anthony Pollman ◽  
Anthony Gannon ◽  
Alejandro Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Integration Techniques ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Trade Study ◽  
Liquefaction Process ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Cascade Method

Abstract This paper presents the results of an alternatives analysis of gas-liquefaction methods used in liquid air energy storage (LAES) systems that incorporates two novel measures of performance (MOP) into the analysis: system complexity score and system density. The cryogenic methods typically considered for air, and used in this trade study, include Linde-Hampson, Claude, Heylandt, and cascade [1]. With these four options of air-liquefaction currently in use for a variety of purposes with ranging scales, there exists no standard selection process for the air-liquefaction method in LAES. This trade study provides fundamental design solutions for given stakeholder requirements, allowing for a pragmatic analysis of integration for future implementation of LAES systems. The intent of these design solutions is to be used in the earliest stage of consideration of a LAES implementation, helping stakeholders quickly narrow the focus of their design engineers to a specific liquefaction process. This will reduce the complexity of integration techniques and processes and streamline LAES into the energy-storage industry. The results of this study showed that with evenly weighted MOP the Heylandt method had the highest final weighted score (0.9), followed by Cascade (0.88), Claude (0.86), and Linde-Hampson (0.67). However, the results showed that the Cascade method was the most frequent design solution (8/11) from 11 variations of MOP weight distributions.

scholarly journals Power Plant Economic Analysis: Maximizing Lifecycle Profitability by Simulating Preliminary Design Solutions of Steam-Cycle Conditions

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chul-Seung Hong ◽  
Eul-Bum Lee
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Parametric Estimation ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Technical Factors ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Steam Cycle

Many existing financial models for power plants chose a design based on the maximum thermal efficiency excluding the operational (OPEX) and capital (CAPEX) cost variations of technical factors. These factors are often fixed because including them in financial assessments can be burdensome and it is assumed that maximum efficiency equals maximum profit. However, this assumption may not always be right. Through 19,440 power plant steam-cycle design solutions and their associated OPEX and CAPEX, this study found the eighth most thermally-efficient solution to be $1.284 M more profitable than the traditional thermally-optimized design solution. As such, this paper presents a model incorporating technical factors through parametric estimation by minimizing the burden on decision makers. While this may reduce precision, it allows for quick cost assessments across differing design solutions. The data for model development was collected from a Korean-constructed, operational 600 MW coal-fired power plant in the Philippines. Using the Thermoflex software, nearly all design configurations’ heat rate outputs are simulated. Profitability is then optimized based on the resultant design configuration’s impact on revenue and CAPEX and OPEX costs. The simulation inputs included variables found to be most impactful on the steam generated power efficiency per existing literature. Lastly, the model includes an assessment of cost impacts among recent environmental regulations by incorporating carbon tax costs and a sensitivity analysis. The economic analysis model discussed in this paper is non-existent in current literature and will aid the power-plant project investment industry through their project feasibility analyses.

scholarly journals Automated Exploration of Design Solution Space Applying the Generative Design Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1085-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibing Li ◽  
Roland Lachmayer
Keyword(s):  
Solution Space ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Generative Design ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Feasible Solutions

AbstractDesign is a complex problem-solving activity that transforms design restrictions and requirements into a set of constraints and explores the feasible solutions to satisfy those constraints. However, design solutions generated by traditional modeling approaches are hardly to deal with such constraints, particularly for the exploration of the possible design solution space to enhance the quality of the design outputs and confront the evolving design requirements. In this regard, the Generative Design Approach (GDA) is considered as an efficient method to explore a large design solution space by transforming the design problem into a configuration problem. Fundamentally, GDA explores and stores all the necessary knowledge through a design skeleton and a set of design elements. Thus, design solution space is easily explored by configuring variable design elements via iterative design processes. Further, the output model is not only a design solution but also a design concept that designers could manipulate to explore unconsidered design configurations. Finally, a crank creation as a running example confirmed that GDA provides concrete aids to enhance the diversity of design solutions.

scholarly journals An Automated Procedure for Assessing Local Reliability Index and Life-Cycle Cost of Alternative Girder Bridge Design Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Venanzi ◽  
Riccardo Castellani ◽  
Laura Ierimonti ◽  
Filippo Ubertini
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Bridge Design ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Local Character ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Girder Bridge

Stakeholders of civil infrastructures have to usually choose among several design alternatives in order to select a final design representing the best trade-off between safety and economy, in a life-cycle perspective. In this framework, the paper proposes an automated procedure for the estimation of life-cycle repair costs of different bridge design solutions. The procedure provides the levels of safety locally guaranteed by the selected design solution and the related total life-cycle cost. The method is based on the finite element modeling of the bridge and uses design traffic models as suggested by international technical standards. Both the global behavior and the transversal cross section of the bridge are analyzed in order to provide local reliability indexes. Several parameters involved in the design, such as geometry and loads and materials’ characteristics, are considered as uncertain. Degradation models are adopted for steel carpentry and rebars. The application of the procedure to a road bridge case study shows its potential in providing local safety levels for different limit states over the entire lifetime of the bridge and the life-cycle cost of the infrastructure, highlighting the importance of the local character of the life-cycle cost analysis.

An I-Ching-TRIZ-Inspired Approach to Design Concept Generation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duc Truong Pham ◽  
Huimin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Design Concept ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
I Ching ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Aircraft Cabin ◽  
Design Specifications ◽  
Design Solutions

This paper presents a new approach to producing innovative design concepts. The proposed approach involves extending the inventive principles of TRIZ by integrating other TRIZ and TRIZ-inspired tools. The set of inventive principles is then structured according to a framework adapted from I-Ching and represented using TRIZ’s Behaviour-Entity (BE) formalism to which constraints have also been added. The adoption of the BE representation enables a reduction in the amount of repeated information in the inventive principles. A BE pair contains information on a design solution. A Behaviour-Entity-Constraint (BEC) triple additionally has information on constraints on the solution. The BEC representation thus facilitates the retrieval and generation of design solutions from design specifications. The paper uses the problem of laying out seats in an aircraft cabin to illustrate advantages of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ABIOTIC FACTORS ON FEATURES AND DISTRIBUTION DYNAMICS OF FISH IN SMALL TRIBUTARY OF IRTYSH RIVER

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Chemagin
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Fish Distribution ◽  
Fish Density ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
The North ◽  
Wind Events ◽  
Distribution Of Fish

The article focuses on the studies carried out in the flooded floodplain of the small river Varpak in the basin of the lower Irtysh during the spring flood (in May). The influence of abi-otic factors on the distribution of fish, including juveniles of cyprinids, percids and pike was analyzed. It was found that during the research period there was a direct correlation between the fish density and the temperature and water level, i.e. the fish density increased, as well as the mentioned indicators. There was found the regularity of decreasing the proportion of percids and fish density along with increasing water turbidity in the periods of the southern (S) and south-western (SW) winds, which is stipulated by the wind and wave fish set-down and their independent movement to the shallow areas of the flooded floodplain; In the periods of the north (N) and northeast (NE) winds the fish density increased along with water turbidity, i.e. the fish moved from the shallow water zones to the open water area. The investigated section of the Varpak River is open to the winds of the mentioned directions due of its location and relief. When considering the direction of the fish density distribution during the period of wind events S, SW, N and NE, there has been registered the similarity between the wind direction and the fish distribution in the water area of the floodplain. As a result of the analysis during the observation period the influence of the turbidity factor on the distribution of fish is noted; the greater turbidity, the greater the proportion of cyprinids and the lower the proportion of percids, which can be explained by the specific behavior of these groups of fish. Thus, there is a direct and indirect effect of a number of environmental factors (temperature and water level, wind phenomena and turbidity) on the characteristics and dynamics of fish distribution in the flooded floodplain of the river in the spring period

scholarly journals Integration of Design Data into a Design Solution and their Modification in Problems of Geometrical Modelling

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
D. E. Tsygankov ◽  
G. R. Shaykheeva ◽  
I. V. Gorbachev
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Geometrical Modelling ◽  
Design Solutions

This article considers an approach to achieving modifiability of design solutions in the form of digital 3D parts and assembly units in CAD systems. This approach is based on a modular principle, according to which a design solution is represented by a system of 3D macro-objects. Such macro-objects are typical of a given subject area, have semantic content and are described by a set of design parameters. The variability of selected parameters forms a class of design solutions, which, although differing in terms of geometry and structure, have common structural and functional specific features. The main advantage of the proposed approach consists in the provision of the semantic integrity of a design solution during its modification and reuse.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ABIOTIC FACTORS ON WATER EXCHANGE IN CONIFEROUS AND DECIDUOUS PLANTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Владислава Борисовна Придача ◽  
Галина Петровна Тихова ◽  
Татьяна Аркадьевна Сазонова ◽  
Vladislava Pridacha ◽  
Galina Tikhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Exchange ◽  
Abiotic Factors
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