scholarly journals Timbre of Trash

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-229
Author(s):  
Joe Cantrell
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Collective Agency ◽  
Digital Audio ◽  
Capitalist Production ◽  
Difficult Question ◽  
Labor Practices ◽  
Continuous Manufacture ◽  
New Goods ◽  
Digital Equipment

Late capitalist production is highly dependent upon the continuous manufacture of new goods to be brought to market. The idea of obsolescence plays a key role in this process, as more recent commodities replace older, presumably less-effective products. This process is especially prominent in the technological sector, which routinely encourages the deliberate replacement of older devices— even when still functional. Digital audio technologies fall in line with these practices, and are often produced using exploitative labor practices. A serious consideration of these effects poses a difficult question for sonic artists who use electronic and digital equipment in their practice. Specifically, how can sound practitioners begin to account for and push against their tacit contribution to the detrimental effects of obsolescence entailed by the tools of their craft? This article explores this question through the lens of new materialist discourse, which outlines modes of engaging with the physical world that reject the assumption that objects are static. Instead, they employ an understanding of objects as collective agents in constant active assemblage of shared material actions that include the presence of human bodies as part of a continuum of objects within larger systems of capital, labor, and politics. The  electronic audio practices of American sonic artists who incorporate obsolete, broken, and discarded objects in their work will act as case studies for this exploration. Their work helps understand possible collaborative implementations of technological audio production that recognize the collective agency involved in their physical and aural production.

Anti-Politics, Depoliticization, and Governance

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Collective Agency ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Varied Range ◽  
The Relationship

There is a growing body of evidence pointing towards rising levels of public dissatisfaction with the formal political process. Depoliticization refers to a more discrete range of contemporary strategies politicians employ that tend to remove or displace the potential for choice, collective agency, and deliberation. This book examines the relationship between these trends of dissatisfaction and displacement, as understood within the broader shift towards governance. It brings together a number of contributions from scholars who have a varied range of concerns but who nevertheless share a common interest in developing the concept of depoliticization through their engagement with a set of theoretical, conceptual, methodological, and empirical questions. The contributions in this volume explore these questions from a variety of different perspectives by using a number of different empirical examples and case studies from both within the nation state and from other regional, global, and multilevel arenas. In this context, this volume examines the limits and potential of depoliticization as a concept and its contribution to the larger and more established literatures on governance and anti-politics.

scholarly journals Exploiting Proximity-Based Mobile Apps for Large-Scale Location Privacy Probing

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Zhao ◽  
Xiapu Luo ◽  
Xiaobo Ma ◽  
Bo Bai ◽  
Yankang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Real World ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Location Privacy ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Typical Type ◽  
Location Spoofing

Proximity-based apps have been changing the way people interact with each other in the physical world. To help people extend their social networks, proximity-based nearby-stranger (NS) apps that encourage people to make friends with nearby strangers have gained popularity recently. As another typical type of proximity-based apps, some ridesharing (RS) apps allowing drivers to search nearby passengers and get their ridesharing requests also become popular due to their contribution to economy and emission reduction. In this paper, we concentrate on the location privacy of proximity-based mobile apps. By analyzing the communication mechanism, we find that many apps of this type are vulnerable to large-scale location spoofing attack (LLSA). We accordingly propose three approaches to performing LLSA. To evaluate the threat of LLSA posed to proximity-based mobile apps, we perform real-world case studies against an NS app named Weibo and an RS app called Didi. The results show that our approaches can effectively and automatically collect a huge volume of users’ locations or travel records, thereby demonstrating the severity of LLSA. We apply the LLSA approaches against nine popular proximity-based apps with millions of installations to evaluate the defense strength. We finally suggest possible countermeasures for the proposed attacks.

On the Acquisition of Attitude Verbs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentine Hacquard ◽  
Jeffrey Lidz
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Online Publication ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Attitude Verbs ◽  
Internal Mental States

Attitude verbs, such as think, want, and know, describe internal mental states that leave few cues as to their meanings in the physical world. Consequently, their acquisition requires learners to draw from indirect evidence stemming from the linguistic and conversational contexts in which they occur. This provides us a unique opportunity to probe the linguistic and cognitive abilities that children deploy in acquiring these words. Through a few case studies, we show how children make use of syntactic and pragmatic cues to figure out attitude verb meanings and how their successes, and even their mistakes, reveal remarkable conceptual, linguistic, and pragmatic sophistication. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Linguistics, Volume 8 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Plato’s Forms as powers

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-82
Author(s):  
Anna Marmodoro
Keyword(s):  
Physical World ◽  
Causal Efficacy ◽  
Causal Powers ◽  
Difficult Question ◽  
Difference Makers

This chapter introduces Plato’s fundamental entities, the Forms. It focuses on his view that the Forms are causal powers, and his innovative stance that the Forms are transcendent entities; it argues that Plato’s Forms are transcendent powers. This raises the (difficult) question of what kind of causal efficacy transcendent entities can have on things in the physical world. By showing that Plato’s Forms are causal powers having constitutional causal efficacy, as difference-makers, like Anaxagoras’s Opposites, the chapter begins to build the case for what I call Plato’s Anaxagoreanism. If the Forms operate like Anaxagoras’s Opposites, by constitutional causal efficacy, except that they are transcendent, how can features of objects in the physical world be constitutionally derived from features of transcendent entities, the Forms? The chapter argues that Plato thinks of the causal efficacy of the Forms on the model of the normativity of mathematics and geometry over the sensible world.

Walks of Experience: Site-Specific Performance Walks, Active Listening and Uncomfortable Witnessing

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMILIE PINE ◽  
MAEVE CASSERLY ◽  
TOM LANE
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Digital Audio ◽  
Dark Tourism ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Collaborative Performance ◽  
Specific Performance ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The City

Digital-audio performance walks can be powerful performances, responding to troubling pasts, giving voice to testimony, and creating an affective geography that satisfies a participant's desire to connect with the city rather than just walk through it. Yet digital-audio performance walks also raise questions about performance and voyeurism, and the disconnection of private headphone experience, alongside issues of agency, detachment and appropriation. This article addresses key issues associated with digital-audio performance walks, using two case studies of performance walks (from Israel and Ireland), that aim to communicate politically charged and painful histories, which are at once ‘now’ and ‘then’, ‘here’ and ‘there’. The article considers some of the risks in digital-audio performance walks: dark tourism, privatization and empathic quietism. Finally, the article assesses what creative strategies are available to creators – and audiences – to make collaborative performance walks that galvanize spectators to become active witnesses.

scholarly journals Evolution of Clustering Quantified by a Stochastic Method—Case Studies on Natural and Human Social Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7972
Author(s):  
G.-Fivos Sargentis ◽  
Theano Iliopoulou ◽  
Stavroula Sigourou ◽  
Panayiotis Dimitriadis ◽  
Demetris Koutsoyiannis
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Organizational Needs ◽  
The Universe

Clustering structures appearing from small to large scales are ubiquitous in the physical world. Interestingly, clustering structures are omnipresent in human history too, ranging from the mere organization of life in societies (e.g., urbanization) to the development of large-scale infrastructure and policies for meeting organizational needs. Indeed, in its struggle for survival and progress, mankind has perpetually sought the benefits of unions. At the same time, it is acknowledged that as the scale of the projects grows, the cost of the delivered products is reduced while their quantities are maximized. Thus, large-scale infrastructures and policies are considered advantageous and are constantly being pursued at even great scales. This work develops a general method to quantify the temporal evolution of clustering, using a stochastic computational tool called 2D-C, which is applicable for the study of both natural and human social spatial structures. As case studies, the evolution of the structure of the universe, of ecosystems and of human clustering structures such as urbanization, are investigated using novel sources of spatial information. Results suggest the clear existence both of periods of clustering and declustering in the natural world and in the human social structures; yet clustering is the general trend. In view of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, societal challenges arising from large-scale clustering structures are discussed.

Competitive advantage through networking

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Difficult Question ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose of this paper Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings How do you start innovating? This is actually a very difficult question to answer because, despite the fact most forms have departments or people dedicated to innovation, engaging in research and seeking to develop new and existing products, all these activities are ongoing. It is hard to think of what a research and development (R&D) department looks like at 9am on Day One. Maybe there are lots of brand new marker pens in their boxes and colored sticky notes piled neatly on people’s desks, or it could be an empty lab with clear benches and as-yet-unused equipment. It sounds an exciting place, but also quite a lonely place. Practical implications Provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. What is original/value of paper? The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

scholarly journals Dynamic experiences generated by sensory features through smart material driven design

2018 ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Marta González-Colominas
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Smart Material ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Sensory Features ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Sensory Interactions ◽  
Sensory Map ◽  
External Stimuli

Materials can be considered the interface of a product as they mediate between user, environment and object (Karana, Pedgley and Rognoli 2014). They characterize the physical world and generate a continuous flow of sensory interactions. In this age of mass production, engineers and designers are in a unique position to use the opportunities presented by materials development and apply them in creative ways to trigger meaningful user experiences. Dynamism is considered a very promising material experience in terms of creating meaningful interactions, and, consequently, user attachment to a product (Rognoli, Ferrara and Arquilla 2016). Dynamic products are those that show sensory features that change over time in a proactive and reversible way, activating one or more user’s sensory modalities and aiming at enhancing the user’s experience (Colombo 2016). Smart materials could be considered the most suitable candidates to provide dynamic experiences. They react to external stimuli, such as pressure, temperature or the electric field, changing properties such as shape or colour. They are capable of both sensing and responding to the environment, as well as exerting active control of their responses (Addington and Schodek 2004). Compared to understanding traditional materials, smart materials involve additional technical complexity. The aim of this paper is to share how the Material Driven Design (MDD) method (Karana et al. 2015) has been applied and to analyse a set of 10 projects, grouped into 5 case studies, developed by students from ELISAVA over the last 3 years to improve ways to implement the method. We have analysed the case studies in terms of the changes observed in the sensory features, using a sensory map proposed by Sara Colombo (Colombo 2016). By comparing different projects, the paper shows how the sensorial aspects are invoked by different smart material properties. The 5 case studies have integrated the smart materials into functional prototypes for different application sectors, such as healthcare, energy harvesting or fashion. We have found that only three sensory modalities (sound, sight and touch) were involved in the user experience, with sight being the most predominant sensory perception. This study aims to serve as a springboard for other scholars interested in designing dynamic products with smart materials.

Engaging the Materiality of the Archive in the Digital Age

Collections ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-487
Author(s):  
Mark Tebeau
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Digital Audio ◽  
Material World ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Curatorial Practice

This article asks how public audiences are negotiating the material world of archives and artifacts in the digital age. The digital age would seem to have diminished the physical experience of the archive and artifact, creating a world of pure information. However, the binary of virtual and physical obscures more than it explains. In recent years, digital tools have begun to reconnect public audiences to the physical world in sometimes surprising ways. This article draws examples from interpretive projects using mobile devices, crowdsourcing in museum environments, and explorations of digital audio to show how physical experiences of cities, museums, and sound have taken on greater interpretive weight and salience as a result of digital interventions. Finally, it considers the implications of such digital interventions for curatorial practice, asking how digital tools can accentuate the ways that history is both contained in and expressed through material archives and artifacts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document