scholarly journals Morphological characteristics and motor skills of young students with different levels of engagement in physical activities (Características morfológicas y habilidades motrices de estudiantes jóvenes con diferentes niveles de participación en actividad

Retos ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Maja Batez ◽  
Branko Krsmanović ◽  
Milena Mikalački ◽  
Nebojša Čokorilo ◽  
Marijana Simić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Los Grupos ◽  
Shuttle Run

The overall orientation of the research problem is focused on the physical activity level of the participants from the aspect of different intensities of motor engagement and their impact on morphological characteristics and motor skills with an intention of determining whether there are statistically significant differences between groups. In a sample of 103 students, aged between 18 and 20 years (18.9 ± 0.4), the female students were divided into three subsamples according to the level of physical activity: highly active, active and inactive. The study which was conducted had a transversal character. The data obtained in the survey were analysed using the univariate (ANOVA) and multivariate (MANOVA) statistical methods. The motor skills mere monitored by the use of the Eurofit Test Battery (wide-angle seated forward bend, standing long jump, pull-up endurance, 10 x 5m shuttle run and endurance shuttle run- beep test). The following morphological characteristics were considered: height, weight, body mass index, percentage of muscular mass and fat mass, as well as waist circumference. The obtained results indicate the existence of statistically significant differences between the % body muscle mass´ groups (p < 0.05) and motor skills parameters (sit and reach, p<0.01; standing broad jump, bent arm hang, 10x5m shuttlerun, beep test, p<0.001) of participants according to physical activity level. In conclusion, participants with a high level of physical activities have higher average values than the participants with light level of physical activities when considering the variables for assessing pliability, strength and agility.Resumen. La orientación general del problema de investigación se centra en el nivel de actividad física de las participantes desde el aspecto de diferentes intensidades de compromiso motor y su impacto en las características morfológicas y habilidades motrices con la intención de determinar si existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos. En una muestra de 103 alumnas, con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 20 años (18,9 ± 0,4), las estudiantes fueron divididas en tres grupos de acuerdo con el nivel de actividad física de cada uno: muy activas, activas e inactivas. El estudio llevado a cabo tuvo un carácter transversal. Los datos obtenidos mediante cuestionarios fueron analizados utilizando un análisis de la varianza (ANOVA) y un análisis multivariante de la varianza (MANOVA). Las habilidades fueron controladas mediante la batería Eurofit y para las características morfológicas, se midió la altura, peso, índice de masa corporal, porcentaje de masa muscular, masa grasa y la circunferencia de la cintura. Los resultados obtenidos indican la existencia de diferencias entre los grupos estudiados respecto al % de masa muscular (p <0.05) y las habilidades motrices (flexibilidad-inclinación hacia adelante, p<0.01; salto de longitud a pie, fuerza resistencia mediante flexión de brazos, 10 x 5 m carrera de ida y vuelta y Beep Test, p<0.001) de los participantes según el nivel de actividad física. En conclusión, las participantes con alto nivel de actividad física tienen mayores valores de habilidad motriz que las participantes que el resto en función de las variables flexibilidad, capacidad aeróbica, fuerza y agilidad.

scholarly journals The investigation of relationship between body mass index and physical activity level along with motor skill in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 823-830
Author(s):  
Serkan İbiş ◽  
Zehra Gözel Tepe ◽  
Zait Burak Aktuğ
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between motor skills and body mass index (BMI) along with physical activity level (PAL) of children aged 8-10 years. A total of 376 children (female = 168, male = 208) aged 8-10 years participated in the study. In the study, BMIs of children were determined by [body weight (kg) / height (m2)] formula, PALs were determined by Physical Activity Questionnare for Older Children (PAQ-C) and motor skills by Allgemeiner Sportmotorischer Test (AST). Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to determine the relationship between motor skill and BMI along with PAL. As a result of the study, a significant positive correlation was found between PAL and AST20 m-running, AST6 min running and ASTtotal score, while a negative correlation was found between BMI and AST20 m running, ASThurdle run, AST medicine ball toss, AST6 min running and ASTtotal score. In addition, it was found that the majority of children in the AST classification were in the moderate (46.3%) and poor (45.5%) motor skills category and no children were in the very good motor skills category. As a result, it can be stated that motor development can be achieved by directing children to physical activities and high BMI constitutes a limitation of motor skills of children. Considering this situation, it may be recommended to direct children to physical activities in order to increase the motor skill that has a positive effect on success and ability to work positively or negatively at every stage of life. ​​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Çalışmanın amacı, 8-10 yaşları arasındaki çocukların motor becerileri ile vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyi (FAD) arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 8-10 yaş arası toplam 376 (kız= 168, erkek=208) çocuk katılmıştır. Çalışmada çocukların VKİ’leri [vücut ağırlığı (kg)/boy (m2)] formülü ile, FAD’leri İlköğretim Öğrencileri İçin Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (PAQ-C) ile motor becerileri ise Allgemeiner Sportmotorischer Test (AST) ile belirlenmiştir. Motor beceri ile VKİ ve FAD arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemede Pearson Korelasyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, FAD ile AST20 m koşu, AST6 dk koşu ve ASTtoplam skoru arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki belirlenirken, VKİ ile AST20 m koşu, ASTengel koşusu, ASTsağlık topu atma, AST6 dk koşu ve ASTtoplam skoru arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca AST sınıflandırılmasında çocukların çoğunluğunun orta (%46,3) ve kötü (%45,5) motor beceri kategorisinde olduğu ve çok iyi motor beceri kategorisinde hiçbir çocuğun bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak çocukların fiziksel aktivitelere yönlendirilerek motor becerilerinde gelişim sağlana bilineceği ve yüksek VKİ’nin çocukların motor becerilerinde sınırlama oluşturduğu söylenebilir. Bu durum göz önüne alınarak hayatın her aşamasında başarıyı ve iş yapabilme kapasitesini olumlu ya da olumsuz olarak etkileyen motor becerinin artırılması için çocukları fiziksel aktivitelere yönlendirmek önerilebilir

The impact of supervised exercise intervention on short-term postprogram leisure time physical activity level in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: 1- and 3-month follow-up on the body & cancer project

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIE MIDTGAARD ◽  
ANDERS TVETERÅS ◽  
MIKAEL RØRTH ◽  
REINHARD STELTER ◽  
LIS ADAMSEN
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Cancer Project

Background:Exercise is becoming an important component of cancer rehabilitation programs. A consistent finding across studies is that patients experience improved physical fitness and reduced fatigue. However, sustained physical activity is essential if the benefits are to be preserved over the course of cancer survivorship.Objective:This study examined self-reported short-term exercise adherence following a 6-week, supervised exercise program (muscle strength, cardiovascular fitness, relaxation, body awareness, and massage) in a heterogeneous group of 61 cancer patients (mean age 42.9 years, 82% oncological and 18% haematological) from the Body & Cancer Project.Methods:Semistructured interviews were used to quantitatively assess leisure time physical activity level 1 and 3 months after completion of the program. The study furthermore included 3-month follow-up assessment of psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—HADS). Patient statements were selected that best illustrated trends found in the statistical material.Results:There was a significant postprogram reduction in physical activity from 6 to 10 weeks and from 6 to 18 weeks. However, the patients (half of whom were still undergoing treatment at the time of follow-up) reported a higher physical activity level postprogram compared to their baseline levels. The analyses showed a positive association between the 3-month postprogram physical activity level and pre-illness physical activity level, treatment, and postprogram changes in depression.Significance of research:Given the significant decrease in postprogram PA level, especially in subjects still undergoing cancer treatment, the study suggests that continuous supervised programs may be required in order to encourage and support exercise adherence in this population. However, randomized clinical controlled trials and more follow-up studies are needed to establish the optimal program length and content for sustained exercise adherence in cancer patients.

scholarly journals Analysis of Relationship between the Body Mass Composition and Physical Activity with Body Posture in Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Wyszyńska ◽  
Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz ◽  
Justyna Drzał-Grabiec ◽  
Maciej Rachwał ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Body Mass Composition ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Excessive body mass in turn may contribute to the development of many health disorders including disorders of musculoskeletal system, which still develops intensively at that time.Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between children’s body mass composition and body posture. The relationship between physical activity level of children and the parameters characterizing their posture was also evaluated.Material and Methods. 120 school age children between 11 and 13 years were enrolled in the study, including 61 girls and 59 boys. Each study participant had the posture evaluated with the photogrammetric method using the projection moiré phenomenon. Moreover, body mass composition and the level of physical activity were evaluated.Results. Children with the lowest content of muscle tissue showed the highest difference in the height of the inferior angles of the scapulas in the coronal plane. Children with excessive body fat had less slope of the thoracic-lumbar spine, greater difference in the depth of the inferior angles of the scapula, and greater angle of the shoulder line. The individuals with higher level of physical activity have a smaller angle of body inclination.Conclusion. The content of muscle tissue, adipose tissue, and physical activity level determines the variability of the parameter characterizing the body posture.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM ON BALANCE PERFORMANCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Karagul ◽  
Gulbin Rudarli Nalcakan ◽  
Yeliz Dogru ◽  
Murat Tas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Balance Performance

AbstractIntroduction. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of circadian rhythm on dynamic balance performance and to determine the role of physical activity level, body temperature, chronotype, and gender in this possible effect. Material andmethods. Forty-two young male and female subjects with different physical activity levels participated in the study. A dynamic equilibrium test, a Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), was conducted at 9:00, 13:00, and 17:00 on three different days with at least two days of interval between tests. The test scores were calculated by dividing the reaching distances by the leg length and multiplying the quotient by 100. The physical activity level and sleep state were evaluated using questionnaires. Before each test, body temperatures were measured orally. Results. The best SEBT scores were found at 13:00 and 17:00 in the male group and in the trained group. The body temperature changes increased parallel to SEBT scores. The scores for the non-dominant leg were found to be significantly different in posterior test directions, and those for the dominant leg were different in anterior directions. Chronotype did not affect the test results. Conclusions. Circadian rhythm was found to have an effect on dynamic balance performance. Body temperature, gender, and physical activity level were also found to play a role in this effect.

scholarly journals MOTIVATION INFLUENCE TOWARDS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL AMONG UNIVERSITY STAFF

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azlan Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
University Staff ◽  
Motivation Factors

The level of physical activity is usually affected by high motivation factor. There are many motivational factors such as internal and external factors. Less physical activity or sedentary lifestyle can be defined as the movement of the body equal to the minimum rest metabolic rate. It also refers to the practice of passive physical behavior such as watching television, reading, using the computer, talking on the phone, driving a car, meditate and eat. This study was conducted to determine and investigate the motivation factors that influence people's participation in sport and physical activity level. The survey questionnaire based on the source of "Excercise Motivation Inventory" (EMI-2) and the "International Physical Activity Questionnaire" (IPAQ), which was later, edited to meet the needs of the study. The study looked at the relationship between motivation factors and the level of physical activity and sport participation among university staff who are involved in their daily lives. Findings showed university staff more motivated to do moderate physical activity in daily life. The motive for physical activity is because of appearance and social. Inferential analysis indicated no difference motif employee engagement in physical activity and weight status based on weight. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between physical activity and body weight among staff and there was no significant relationship between participation motives with physical activity among employees.

scholarly journals OVERWEIGHT IN SCHOOLCHILDREN AND ASSOCIATION WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND PARENTAL HABITS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-294
Author(s):  
Elena Sierra Palmeiro ◽  
Miguel Angel Gonzalez Valeiro ◽  
Marian Fernandez Villarino
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Parental Level

ABSTRACT Introduction: Excess weight in childhood and adolescence is an important health problem that tends to persist in adulthood. Among the causes of this increase there appears to be a consensus on emphasizing physical activity as an excellent strategy to achieve better weight control, and on considering some models of parental practices essential for the acquisition of healthy habits in young people. Objective: To study the role of physical activity (undertaken by children and their parents) in the prevalence of overweight in Spanish schoolchildren. Methods: We studied 1687 schoolchildren aged between 13 and 17 years and 2335 mothers and fathers. The body mass index (BMI) of each child was calculated and information was collected on the physical activity level of the children and the parental physical activity level and BMI. Results: The schoolchildren analyzed have a higher prevalence of excess weight than the national average, significantly associated with age, sex, and excess weight of the mother, showing no significant association with the level of physical activity, but instead with the parental level of physical activity. Discussion: As predictive variables for excess weight in schoolchildren we found sex, age and excess weight of the mother. Conclusion: There is a prevalence of obesity and overweight in the sample of schoolchildren studied, and this is significantly associated with age rather than with physical activity. This prevalence is also significantly associated with the excess weight of the parents and with the level of physical activity of the father, which appears to confirm the influence of family characteristics and household physical activity in excess weight among schoolchildren. Level of Evidence I; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

scholarly journals Are There Any Differences between First Grade Boys and Girls in Physical Fitness, Physical Activity, BMI, and Sedentary Behavior? Results of HCSC Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Lisowski ◽  
Adam Kantanista ◽  
Michał Bronikowski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
The Past

The transition from kindergarten to school is associated with a variety of negative changes. After entry to elementary school physical activity level decreases. Moreover, physical fitness level of children over the past decades have rapidly declined. Children are spending an increasing amount of time in the environments that require constant sitting. We evaluated the differences between boys and girls in physical fitness, frequency of undertaking of different forms of physical activity, prevalence of underweight and overweight, and time spent on sedentary behavior. A total of 212 first grade pupils (mean age 6.95 ± 0.43) from two standard urban schools in Poznań participated in the study. Compared to girls, boys obtained better results in 20-meter run (4.9 s and 5.0 s, p < 0.01), sit-ups (16.8 and 15.3, p < 0.05), six-minute run (829.7 m and 766.4 m, p < 0.001), and standing broad jump (106.8 cm and 99.7 cm, p < 0.01). In the sit-and-reach test girls achieved higher results than boys (17.0 cm and 14.4 cm, p < 0.001). There were no gender differences in prevalence of underweight and overweight. In conclusions, difference between genders should be taken into consideration during designing physical activity programs in the aspects of intensity and forms of physical activities.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed food consumption and obesity in the Australian adult population

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Pereira Machado ◽  
Eurídice Martinez Steele ◽  
Renata Bertazzi Levy ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Anna Rangan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Rapid simultaneous increases in ultra-processed food sales and obesity prevalence have been observed worldwide, including in Australia. Consumption of ultra-processed foods by the Australian population was previously shown to be systematically associated with increased risk of intakes of nutrients outside levels recommended for the prevention of obesity. This study aims to explore the association between ultra-processed food consumption and obesity among the Australian adult population and stratifying by age group, sex and physical activity level. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of anthropometric and dietary data from 7411 Australians aged ≥20 years from the National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011–2012 was performed. Food consumption was evaluated through 24-h recall. The NOVA system was used to identify ultra-processed foods, i.e. industrial formulations manufactured from substances derived from foods and typically added of flavours, colours and other cosmetic additives, such as soft drinks, confectionery, sweet or savoury packaged snacks, microwaveable frozen meals and fast food dishes. Measured weight, height and waist circumference (WC) data were used to calculate the body mass index (BMI) and diagnosis of obesity and abdominal obesity. Regression models were used to evaluate the association of dietary share of ultra-processed foods (quintiles) and obesity indicators, adjusting for socio-demographic variables, physical activity and smoking. Results Significant (P-trend ≤ 0.001) direct dose–response associations between the dietary share of ultra-processed foods and indicators of obesity were found after adjustment. In the multivariable regression analysis, those in the highest quintile of ultra-processed food consumption had significantly higher BMI (0.97 kg/m2; 95% CI 0.42, 1.51) and WC (1.92 cm; 95% CI 0.57, 3.27) and higher odds of having obesity (OR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.27, 2.04) and abdominal obesity (OR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.10, 1.72) compared with those in the lowest quintile of consumption. Subgroup analyses showed that the trend towards positive associations for all obesity indicators remained in all age groups, sex and physical activity level. Conclusion The findings add to the growing evidence that ultra-processed food consumption is associated with obesity and support the potential role of ultra-processed foods in contributing to obesity in Australia.

scholarly journals Visual–Somatosensory Integration is Linked to Physical Activity Level in Older Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette R. Mahoney ◽  
Kristina Dumas ◽  
Roee Holtzer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
Activity Scale ◽  
Physical Activity Scale

Studies examining multisensory integration (MSI) in aging consistently demonstrate greater reaction time (RT) facilitation in old compared to young adults, but often fail to determine the utility of MSI. The aim of the current experiment was to further elucidate the utility of MSI in aging by determining its relationship to physical activity level. 147 non-demented older adults (mean age 77 years; 57% female) participated. Participants were instructed to make speeded responses to visual, somatosensory, and visual–somatosensory (VS) stimuli. Depending on the magnitude of the individuals’ RT facilitation, participants were classified into a MSI or NO MSI group. Physical activity was assessed using a validated physical activity scale. As predicted, RTs to VS stimuli were significantly shorter than those elicited to constituent unisensory conditions. Multisensory RT facilitation was a significant predictor of total number of physical activity days per month, with individuals in the NO MSI group reporting greater engagement in physical activities compared to those requiring greater RT facilitation.

scholarly journals Physical activity level and participation in strength training (ST) activities among undergraduate female students

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Thilini Thakshila Ranaweera ◽  
◽  
Desha Rajni Fernando ◽  
Yamuna Deepani Siriwardana ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

Background: Insufficient physical activity has been identified as a leading risk factor for Non-Communicable Diseases and global mortality. Healthy adults should be involved in Strength Training (ST) activities to be in Health Enhancing Physical Activities (HEPA) level. Undergraduates are physically fit and in finest age to understand importance of physical activities. However, most of undergraduates in worldwide were found to be inactive and highest were women. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the physical activity level, participation in ST activities and perceived benefits and barriers for ST activities among female undergraduates. Methodology: Two hundred female undergraduates of Faculty of Science, University of Colombo were randomly selected to conduct this descriptive cross-sectional study. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Physical activity level was assessed by the first part of the questionnaire. Section one of the second part of the questionnaire focused on individual perception of benefits and barriers to ST activities while section two was used to determine barrier scores. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.0. Results: The mean age of the participants was 22.66. Majority (63.0%; n= 121) was physically inactive, 33.3% (n=64) were minimally active and only 3.6% (n=7) were in HEPA category. Fifty one participants (26.6%) showed zero MET min/week for walking, 64 participants (33.3%) for moderate activities and more than half (68.8%; n=132) for vigorous activities. Majority (89.1%; n= 171) were not ST participants and 87.5% (n= 168) perceived ST as an important activity. Health benefits were perceived as the most important benefit of ST by 44.8% (n=86). Lack of time was the mostly (30.7%; n=59) perceived restricting barrier for ST activities. Barrier scores were different in at least one physical activity level (p< 0.01). Conclusion: These undergraduates appeared to be having a sedentary life style. Improved awareness on importance of ST and HEPA and time management skills will increase participation in ST which results increase the physical level of undergraduates.

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