scholarly journals Composición corporal y rendimiento físico de jugadores de fútbol soccer universitario por posición de juego (Body composition and physical performance of college soccer by player´s position)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Ceballos-Gurrola ◽  
Fernando Bernal-Reyes ◽  
Marquelia Jardón-Rosas ◽  
María Cristina Enríquez-Reyna ◽  
Jesús Durazo- Quiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Soccer Teams ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
The Relationship

Se propuso determinar la relación que existe entre la composición corporal y el rendimiento físico de jugadores de fútbol soccer universitario. Participaron 26 jugadores de sexo masculino con edad promedio de 20.7 años (DT = 1.7), pertenecientes a los equipos representativos de fútbol soccer de dos universidades mexicanas. Se midieron características morfológicas, de composición corporal y físicas para las posiciones de defensa, mediocampo y delantero. Se determinó el nivel de asociación entre las variables. Los resultados muestran que los defensas presentan mayor masa corporal, diámetro de húmero y circunferencia de cadera que los delanteros (p < .05), no así respecto a los jugadores de mediocampo. No se presenta diferencia en la expresión de las capacidades físicas y del porcentaje de masa grasa de los jugadores por posición de juego (p > .05). La masa grasa se asoció de manera directa con la velocidad (.427*, p < .05). Se encontraron diferencias en la masa ósea y corporal por posición de juego entre defensas, mediocampistas y delanteros. Los hallazgos sugieren la influencia de la composición corporal en el rendimiento físico de los participantes.  Abstract. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between body composition and physical performance in college soccer players. Twenty-six male players with an average age of 20.7 years (SD = 1.7), belonging to the representative soccer teams of two Mexican universities participated in the research. Morphological, body composition, and physical characteristics were measured for the defense, midfield, and forward positions. The level of association between variables was determined. The results show that defenders have greater body mass, humerus diameter, and hip circumference than forwards (p <. 05), whereas no differences were found in comparison to midfielders. There is no difference in players’ expression of physical abilities and percentage of fat mass by playing position (p > .05). Fat mass was directly associated with speed (.427 *, p < .05). Differences were found in bone and body mass by playing position between defenders, midfielders, and forwards. The findings hint at an influence of body composition on participants’ physical performance.

scholarly journals Seasonal Body Composition Variation Amongst Elite European Professional Soccer Players: An Approach of Talent Identification

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Lee Owen ◽  
Carlos Lago-Peñas ◽  
Gordon Dunlop ◽  
Rouissi Mehdi ◽  
Moktar Chtara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Composition Profiles

AbstractThe primary aim of the investigation was to study the seasonal changes in body composition in elite European soccer players and identify key playing positional differences. Twenty-two players (age = 24 ± 3.7 years, body height = 180.45 ± 5.12 cm, body mass = 76.66 ± 5.34 kg) were tested. Players’ mass (kg), lean body mass (LBM), fat free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), muscle girths (MG) and sum of 8 skinfolds (mm) were measured across 5 time points (T0 = Start of pre-season training; T1 = End of pre-season training; T2 = Mid-season; T3 = End of mid-season break; T4 = End of season). Players were divided into their tactical positional roles for analysis. The specific positions they were divided into included defenders (n = 8), midfielders (n = 8) and forwards (n = 6). Assessment of training and matchplay exposure were also recorded. Sites-4, Sites-7, Sites-8 and Fat Mass decreased dramatically from T0 to T1 and T2 in all playing positions (p < 0.01), while no remarkable differences were found between T2, T3 and T4. Except for defenders, calf girth and lean mass were higher in T2, T3 and T4 compared to T0 and T1 (p < 0.01). Midfielders were found to be leaner than forwards and defenders in all data collection time point sessions. Defenders showed higher values in calf girth and lean body mass than midfielders and forwards. It can be concluded from this investigation that there are large variances n positional body composition profiles amongst professional European soccer players. Furthermore, significant changes are prevalent and occur across the season from LBM, FFM, MG and skinfold assessment amongst European elite level soccer players.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Association Between Body Composition and Frailty or Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunsoo Soh ◽  
Chang Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Fat Mass Index ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BackgroundFrailty is a common geriatric condition due to aging, defined as a decrease in the functional reserve to maintain the homeostasis. As part of the aging process, body composition changes occur. This study investigated the relationship between body composition and frailty in a community-dwelling elderly Korean population.MethodsThis cross-sectional cohort study analyzed data of 2,385 elderly participants (aged 70–84 years, 1131 males and 1254 females) of the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study from 2016 to 2017. Body composition, including total and trunk fat masses and fat-free mass, were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Fat mass index (FMI), trunk fat mass index (TFMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI) represented total fat mass, trunk fat mass, and fat-free mass according to height. Based on the frailty index developed by Fried, we compared the frail and non-frail groups. Poor physical performance assessed with the short physical performance battery score of <9 is considered frailty. To evaluate the relationship between the variables, simple and fully adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed according to sex.ResultsAmong the participants, 462 (19.3%) were defined as the frail group, with a significantly high mean age of 77.9±4.0 years. In the logistic regression analysis of frailty based on body mass index (BMI) categories, underweight (BMI<18 kg/m2) participants showed a high incidence of frailty in both sexes. BMI showed an association with frailty only in males. In both sexes, FFMI was associated with a lower incidence of frailty, which was statistically significant in the fully adjusted models. In the female, fat-related indexes including body fat percentage, FMI, and TFMI showed a significant association with poor physical performance. In contrast, males with low FFMI only showed a significant association with poor physical performance.ConclusionsFrailty closely correlated with FFMI in both sexes. The poor physical performance associated with frailty correlated with fat-related body composition in females and fat-free mass in males owing to the difference in body composition between the sexes. In the assessment of frailty, body composition and sex-related differences should be analyzed.

scholarly journals Bio-Banding in Judo: The Mediation Role of Anthropometric Variables on the Maturation Effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno B. Giudicelli ◽  
Leonardo G. O. Luz ◽  
Mustafa Sogut ◽  
Alain G. Massart ◽  
Arnaldo C. Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
The Relationship

Young judo athletes are bio-banding based on age and body mass and compete in weight classes. The purposes of this study were to investigate the influences of maturation on physical performance in young judokas through controlling the chronological age and body mass, and to examine the mediating role of anthropometric variables. Sixty-seven judokas, aged 11.0–14.7, were measured for 11 anthropometric and seven physical performance variables. Pearson partial correlations were conducted to verify the relationship between the maturational indicator and the dependent variables. Mediation analyses were performed to identify the extent to which anthropometric variables mediate the relationship. The maturation effect remained on the aerobic capacity and handgrip strength (p < 0.05). Fat mass (b = 80.335, 95%CI 11.580–204.270) and fat-free mass (b = 108.256, 95%CI 39.508–207.606) totally mediated the effect on aerobic capacity. Fat mass (b = 0.023, 95%CI 0.004–0.057), fat-free mass (b = 0.029, 95%CI 0.011–0.058), stature (b = 0.031, 95%CI 0.008–0.061), arm span (b = 0.021, 95%CI 0.003–0.044), and inferior members length (b = 0.022, 95%CI 0.005–0.049) totally mediated the effect on handgrip strength. The effect of biological maturation is noticeable even after age and body mass control, being mediated by anthropometric variables related to body composition and size.

scholarly journals The Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Weight and Body Composition in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Pakravanfar ◽  
Akram Ghadiri-Anari ◽  
Azadeh Nadjarzadeh ◽  
Hossein Fallahzadeh ◽  
Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), one of the most common causes of endocrine disorders with irregular menstruation, is accompanied by an increase in androgen and polycystic ovarian. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of weight loss regimen with and without supplementation. L-carnitine affects lipid profile, insulin, and hormone resistance indices. Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted over women within the age range of 18 to 45 years, who referred to Yazd Diabetes Center in 2019. The participants were divided into the experimental and control groups. The intervention group received 1000 mg L-carnitine (LG = 28) and the placebo group (PG = 28) received the placebo daily. All people followed a low celery diet for 12 weeks. Anthropometric indices and body composition (weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, fat mass, and free fat mass) were measured prior to and after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 22. The independent sample t-test was used to compare the mean changes between the LG and PG. Results: At the end of the study period, patients treated with L-carnitine showed a significant decrease in waist circumference compared to the PG (change: -1 ± 3.15, P = 0.001) and no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of other anthropometrics indices and body composition including fat mass, body mass index, and hip circumference (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed that 1000 mg oral L-carnitine had no significant effect on body weight, body mass index, body composition, and hip circumference, but had a significant effect on waist circumference size.

scholarly journals The phase angle as a marker of health and body composition in soccer players in Bogotá – Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Argüello ◽  
A Gálvez ◽  
L Castro ◽  
I Sánchez ◽  
P Melo
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Body composition is a parameter that is evaluated to predict the nutritional status of the population. This is assessed by bioelectric impedance analysis, which reports BMI, fat percentage, skeletal muscle mass, phase angle (AP), among others. The latter, in recent years has become important because it is a direct electrical measurement in the body, used for the clinical prognosis of diseases such as cancer, anorexy nervous, sarcopenia and chronic liver disease. AP is an index of vitality and integrality of the cell membrane and an indicator of muscle strength and endurance; likewise, it is inversely related to BMI, age and gender, normal values in healthy populations range between 5.5° to 9°, it is believed that physical activity and sport can also modify AP values. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between body composition and AP in soccer players in Bogotá, Colombia. Methods Quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational approach. The sample was 84 soccer players (age: 18.67 + 2.9 years; height: 1.73 + 0.07 m; weight: 66.58 + 9.94 Kg), who were assessed using the Bioimpedance method through InBody 770®. Results The averages obtained were: AP 6.46°+0.58; muscle mass 32.25 + 5.06 Kg, percentage of fat mass 15.90 + 3.97. There was a direct relationship between AP, skeletal muscle mass and lean mass in the right, left arm, trunk and right leg (p &lt; 0.01), while with the percentage of body fat mass of the right and left arm the relationship was inverse. Conclusions Body composition with high values of musculoskeletal mass and AP favor the functionality and development of strength, which in turn are protective factors for the presence of diseases such as sarcopenia. Key messages The Phase Angle is constituted as an easily accessible marker of nutritional health and morphofunctional profile in athletes. The Phase Angle and body composition as determinants of the profile in athletes.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index, Lean Mass, and Body Fat Percentage as Mediators of the Relationship between Milk Consumption and Bone Health in Young Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Torres-Costoso ◽  
Purificación López-Muñoz ◽  
Asunción Ferri-Morales ◽  
Elisabeth Bravo-Morales ◽  
Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Relationship

Identifying environmental factors that influence bone health is crucial for developing effective intervention strategies that maximize peak bone mass. The aim of this study was to estimate the relationship between milk consumption and bone mineral density (BMD) in young adults, and to examine whether this relationship is mediated by body mass index (BMI) and total lean and fat mass. A cross-sectional study involving college students (n = 239) from a Spanish public university was performed. Data on milk consumption and anthropometric and body composition variables were collected. The Pearson correlation coefficients among total body BMD, body composition variables, and milk consumption ranged from −0.111 to −1.171, most of them statistically significant (p < 0.05). The ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) models showed that those with higher regular milk consumption had less total body BMD than those with lower regular milk consumption (p < 0.05), even after controlling for different sets of confounders. In the mediation analysis, BMI and lean and fat mass turned out to act as full mediators of the relationship between regular milk consumption and total body BMD (z = −1.7148, −1.3208, and −1.8549, respectively; p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, milk consumption, per se, does not seem to have a direct effect on bone development, because its association seems to be fully mediated by body composition variables in young adults.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Physical Activity, Body Mass Index and Body Composition among Students at a Pre-University Centre in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
You HW ◽  
Tan PL ◽  
Mat Ludin AF
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
University Students ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Relationship

INTRODUCTION: Physical activity is an essential element in our daily life that leads to long-term health benefits. Physical activity refers to movement of the body that requires energy. Body mass index (BMI) indicates a ratio of body weight to squared height, which is a useful health indicator. On the contrary, body composition describes the body by measuring percentages of fat and muscle in human bodies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship between physical activities, BMI and body composition among pre-university students from one of the universities in Selangor, Malaysia. Stratified random sampling was employed to recruit 70 pre-university students into this study. RESULTS: From the study, 50% of the respondents are categorized as minimally active. In addition, there is significant difference between the physical activity levels of male and female respondents. The relationship between physical activity and BMI indicates a very weak negative correlation. Similarly, the correlation between physical activity and fat mass is a weak negative relationship. Meanwhile, there is a weak positive correlation between physical activity and muscle mass. CONCLUSION: Therefore, it can be concluded that when physical activity increases, BMI and body fat mass will decrease, while muscle mass will increase. Moreover, it was shown that there was a significant relationship between physical activity and body composition. 

scholarly journals Effect of a Precompetition and Postcompetition Training Regime on Body Composition of Soccer Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (56) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Gailiūnienė ◽  
Viačislavas Novikovas
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Competition Period ◽  
Free Body

The purpose of this investigation was to document the body composition elements’ changes, preparing an initialprecompetition and postcompetition training programme of soccer players. Body composition measurements weretaken 10 weeks prior to competition, at 2 hours before competition and 4 weeks after competition period (week 14).There were investigated: body height (BH), body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), fat freebody mass (FFBM), fat free body mass index (FFBMI), body water mass (BWM), water free body mass (WFBM), waterfree body mass index (WFBMI). Body mass, the percent age of BFM and BWM at all body mass was calculated usingthe whole body bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with “Tanita” monitor (Japan).Body mass and body composition values of soccer players varied at precompetition, competition and postcompetitionperiods. The decreased body mass at competition period by 8.16% is the result of lost body fat mass and body watermass. Fat free body mass index (FFBMI) and water free body mass index (WFBMI) indicate, that soccer players atprecompetition and competition period did not use lean tissue, that positively related to the restoration of bodycomposition and water balance at postcompetition period.Keywords: body composition, body mass, body fat mass, body water mass.

scholarly journals The Effects of a Macronutrient-Based Diet and Time-Restricted Feeding (16:8) on Body Composition in Physically Active Individuals—A 14-Week Randomised Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3122
Author(s):  
Eduard Isenmann ◽  
Joshua Dissemond ◽  
Stephan Geisler
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Hip Circumference

The number of people suffering from being overweight or obese has risen steadily in recent years. Consequently, new forms of nutrition and diets were developed as potential solutions. In the last years, the time-restricted feeding and continuous energy restriction via macronutrient-based diets were increasingly popular. Both diets were exclusively studied separately. A comparison of the two diets for people with a high body mass index despite regular physical activity has not yet been studied in detail. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of these two diets on body composition and adherence. For this study, a total of 42 subjects (m = 21, f = 21) with a BMI above 25 were recruited from a local fitness gym. After a two-week familiarisation period, one of the two diets was followed over 14 weeks. Dietary behaviour was monitored throughout the period with a food diary. The primary measurement parameters were body weight, lean body mass, fat mass, body mass index, and waist and hip circumference. In addition, adherence was assessed and calculated by food diary and questionnaire. In total, the data of 35 participants (m = 14, f = 21) were analysed. Significant reductions in body weight, fat mass, body mass index, and waist and hip circumference were observed in both groups (p < 0.05). No significant change could be observed in lean body mass in either category. No group and gender differences were detected in any of the primary parameters. For the secondary parameters, a significantly higher adherence was observed in the time-restricted feeding group (p < 0.05). In addition, it can be assumed that an adherence of 60–70% cannot lead to positive changes in body composition. In conclusion, there were no differences between the two diets on the primary parameters. However, it seemed that time-restricted feeding can be better implemented in everyday life, and an adherence of more than 70% is required for both diets to prove effective.

scholarly journals Anthropometrics and Body Composition Predict Physical Performance and Selection to Attend Special Forces Training in United States Army Soldiers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily K Farina ◽  
Lauren A Thompson ◽  
Joseph J Knapik ◽  
Stefan M Pasiakos ◽  
James P McClung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Special Forces ◽  
Percentage Body Fat

ABSTRACT Introduction Anthropometrics and body composition characteristics differentiate many types of athletes and are related to performance on fitness tests and tasks in military personnel. Soldiers competing to enter elite units must demonstrate physical fitness and operational competence across multiple events. Therefore, this study determined whether anthropometrics and body composition predicted physical performance and selection for special forces training among soldiers attending the rigorous Special Forces Assessment and Selection (SFAS) course. Materials and Methods Soldiers attending the SFAS course between May 2015 and March 2017 were enrolled in a longitudinal, observational study. Anthropometrics (height, body mass, and body mass index [BMI]; n = 795) and body composition measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (percentage body fat, fat mass, lean mass, bone mineral content [BMC], and bone mineral density [BMD]; n = 117) were assessed before the course start. Associations with physical performance were determined with correlation coefficients. Associations with selection were determined with analyses of variance and t-tests; effect sizes were calculated as Cohen’s d. The U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Institutional Review Board (IRB) initially approved this study, and the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command IRB approved the continuing review. Results Lower percentage body fat and fat mass predicted better performance on all assessments: Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT), pull-ups, SFAS run, loaded road march, obstacle course, and land navigation (P ≤ .05). Higher lean mass predicted better performance on the loaded road march (P ≤ .05). Lower body mass and BMI predicted better performance on APFT, pull-ups, run, and obstacle course; higher body mass and BMI predicted better performance on the loaded road march (P ≤ .05). Shorter stature predicted better performance on push-ups (APFT) and pull-ups; taller stature predicted better performance on SFAS run and loaded road march (P ≤ .05). On average, the selected soldiers were taller (179.0 ± 6.6 vs. 176.7 ± 6.7 cm), had higher body mass (85.8 ± 8.8 vs. 82.1 ± 9.6 kg), BMI (26.8 ± 2.2 vs. 26.3 ± 2.6 kg/m2), lean mass (67.2 ± 7.3 vs. 61.9 ± 7.6 kg), BMC (3.47 ± 0.40 vs. 3.29 ± 0.56 kg), and BMD (1.34 ± 0.10 vs. 1.28 ± 0.10 g/cm2), and lower percentage body fat (17.3 ± 3.4 vs. 20.1 ± 4.5%) and fat mass (14.2 ± 3.7 vs. 15.8 ± 4.4 kg) (P ≤ .05). Effect sizes were largest for lean mass (Cohen’s d = 0.71) and percentage body fat (d = 0.70), followed by BMD (d = 0.60), body mass (d = 0.40), fat mass (d = 0.39), BMC (d = 0.37), height (d = 0.35), and BMI (d = 0.21). Body mass adjustment attenuated associations between height and selection. Conclusions Anthropometrics and body composition are predictors of physical performance and SFAS success. Since these measures are modifiable (excluding height), they may be the focus of intervention studies aiming to improve performance in arduous military training courses, sports that require competition in multiple events, and occupations that have varied physical demands, such as firefighting, law enforcement, and construction.

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