O Brincar e o cuidar: o olhar do terapeuta ocupacional sobre o comportamento lúdico de crianças em internação prolongada/ The playing and caring: the look of occupational therapy on the playful behavior of children in prolonged hospitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Abida Amoglia Rodrigues ◽  
Valéria Barroso Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Initial Interview ◽  
Sensory Environment ◽  
Prolonged Hospitalization ◽  
Motivation Interaction ◽  
The Look

Trata-se de um estudo de campo com abordagem qualitativa que teve como objetivos conhecer o comportamento lúdico de crianças em situação de internação prolongada, assim como verificar a percepção dos cuidadores em relação ao envolvimento dessas crianças em atividades lúdicas. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em um hospital infantil de Fortaleza/CE com a participação de duas crianças e seus responsáveis. A coleta ocorreu mediante a avaliação inicial com os instrumentos Entrevista Inicial com os Pais ou responsáveis e Avaliação do Comportamento Lúdico, cinco intervenções baseadas no modelo lúdico junto às crianças; e reavaliação do Comportamento Lúdico. Os resultados apontaram que houve modificações do comportamento lúdico das crianças mediante internação prolongada quando comparado ao que foi relatado pelos responsáveis sobre a prática do brincar em casa. Foi observada diminuição do interesse, motivação, interação e expressividade. Após as intervenções houve melhorias, sobretudo no interesse lúdico pelo espaço, pelo ambiente sensorial e pela interação com outras crianças. Conclui-se, portanto, que a internação prolongada oferece estímulos negativos para a criança hospitalizada. Contudo, o brincar apresenta potencial terapêutico para a recuperação da criança e adaptação ao novo ambiente em que se encontra. Abstract:  This is a field study with a qualitative approach that aimed to know the playful behavior of children in prolonged hospitalization as well as to verify the perception of caregivers regarding the involvement of these children in playful activities. The research was conducted in a Children's Hospital of Fortaleza / CE with the participation of two children and their parents. The collection took place through the initial assessment with the instruments Initial Interview with Parents or Guardians and Evaluation of Playful Behavior, five interventions based on the playful model with children; and reevaluation with the Evaluation of Playful Behavior. The results showed that there were changes in the playful behavior of children through prolonged hospitalization when compared to what was reported by those responsible for playing at home. Decreased interest, motivation, interaction and expressiveness were observed. After the interventions there were improvements, especially in the playful interest in the space, the sensory environment and the interaction with other children. Therefore, it is concluded that prolonged hospitalization offers negative stimuli for hospitalized children. However, playing has therapeutic potential for the child's recovery and adaptation to the new environment in which he finds himself.Key words: Child Hospitalized, Caregivers, Play Therapy, Occupational Therapy. Resumen: Este es un estudio de campo con un enfoque cualitativo que tuvo como objetivo conocer el comportamiento lúdico de los niños en hospitalizaciones prolongadas, así como verificar la percepción de los cuidadores sobre la participación de estos niños en actividades lúdicas. La investigación se realizó en un Hospital de Niños de Fortaleza / CE con la participación de dos niños y sus guardianes. La recolección se realizó a través de la evaluación inicial con los instrumentos Entrevista inicial con padres o tutores y Evaluación de comportamiento lúdico cinco intervenciones basadas en el modelo lúdico con niños; y reevaluación con la Evaluación de comportamiento lúdico. Los resultados mostraron que hubo cambios en el comportamiento de juego de los niños a través de la hospitalización prolongada en comparación con lo que informaron los responsables de jugar en casa. Disminución de interés, motivación, interacción y expresividad se observaron. Después de las intervenciones hubo mejoras, especialmente en el interés lúdico en el espacio, el entorno sensorial y la interacción con otros niños. Por lo tanto, se concluye que la hospitalización prolongada ofrece estímulos negativos para los niños hospitalizados. Sin embargo, jugar tiene potencial terapéutico para la recuperación y adaptación del niño al nuevo entorno en el que se encuentra.Palabras clave: Niño Hospitalizado, Cuidadores, Ludoterapia, Terapia Ocupacional.

scholarly journals TRATAMIENTO DE LA FRAGILIDAD Y APATÍA A TRAVÉS DE ACTIVIDADES PSICOMOTRICES EN LA ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Claudia Guillen-Betancort ◽  
Guillermo Da Silva-Domingo ◽  
Josefa González Santos ◽  
Raquel De la Fuente-Anuncibay ◽  
Álvaro Da Silva González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Therapy Treatment

Abstract.Objective: To implement an Occupational Therapy treatment in elderly people with dementia and frailtyMethod: A longitudinal study of a sample of 23 users, 14 women and 9 men aged between 71 and 92 is performed, the average age 84.66 years, users of a residence, presenting frailty and dementia. Carried out an initial assessment and final tests with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Dementia Apathy Interview and Rating (DAIR), participants attend occupational therapy sessions.Statistical analysis: it was performed nonparametric Wilcoxon, Spearman correlation and Mann Whitney U test.Results: We observed that the levels of fragility do not improve, there is no relationship of age with frailty, the level of apathy does not decrease with the intervention, there is no difference in the score of apathy or fragility by sex.Conclusions: the results indicate a maintenance of vital functions on both scales, which can be considered beneficial when dealing with degenerative processes.Keywords: fragility, apathy, dementia of Alzheimer’s disease type, psychomotor activities.Resumen.Objetivo: Implementar un tratamiento de Terapia Ocupacional en personas mayores con demencia y fragilidadMétodo: Se realiza un estudio longitudinal sobre una muestra de 23 usuarios, 14 mujeres y 9 hombres con edades comprendidas entre 71 y 92, siendo la edad media 84.66 años, usuarios de una residencia, que presentan fragilidad y demencia. Se lleva a cabo una evaluación inicial y otra final con las pruebas Batería Corta del Desempeño Físico (SPPB) y Dementia Apathy Interview and Rating (DAIR), los participantes asisten a sesiones de Terapia Ocupacional.Análisis estadístico: se llevan a cabo pruebas no paramétricas de Wilcoxon, Correlación de Spearman y U de Mann Whitney.Resultados: se observa que los niveles de fragilidad no mejoran, que no hay relación de la edad con la fragilidad, el nivel de apatía no disminuye con la intervención, no existen diferencias en la puntuación de apatía ni fragilidad según el sexo.Conclusiones. los resultados indican un mantenimiento de las funciones vitales en ambas escalas, lo que se puede considerar beneficioso al tratarse de procesos degenerativos.Palabras clave: fragilidad, apatía, demencia tipo Alzhéimer, actividades psicomotrices.

scholarly journals P28 Do we meet the needs of patients with non-inflammatory conditions referred to paediatric rheumatology?

Rheumatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofi Berrisford ◽  
Isabel Carter ◽  
Valentina Leone ◽  
Marek Bohm
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Young People ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Paediatric Rheumatology ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions

Poster presentation Tuesday 8 October Background Over one in four children and young people (CYP) present to paediatric rheumatology services with non-inflammatory conditions. However, there is a lack of evidence-based treatments and clinical guidelines supporting the management of these patients. Our project aims to determine whether CYP diagnosed with different non-inflammatory conditions and their families are satisfied with the service offered by the paediatric rheumatology department at Leeds General Infirmary. In addition, we wanted to assess which interventions they found most helpful and to check if there were differences between children and young people diagnosed with different non-inflammatory conditions. Methods 632 patients seen by Leeds paediatric rheumatology between July 2017 and June 2018 were diagnosed with non-inflammatory conditions; the three most common groups of conditions were symptomatic hypermobility (SH), chronic pain syndrome (CPS) and muscular back pain (MBP). We undertook a patient satisfaction survey, including patients reported assessment of their physical and psycho-social outcomes, focussing on these three groups only. 198 participants (80 SH; 74 CPS; 44 MBP) were invited to the study by sending them a postal questionnaire with self-addressed and stamped envelopes to return them. The questionnaire did not include any identifiable patient information but a different coloured paper was sent to patients with the three different groups of diagnoses to allow comparison of these groups. All had attended the paediatric rheumatology clinic for their initial assessment and had been referred on to appropriate management services as for the treating clinician including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, podiatry/orthotics, pain management, and/or psychology. Results A total of 33 filled questionnaires were received over the next 2 months including 4 (9.09%) from patients diagnosed with MBP, 11 (13.75%) from patients diagnosed with SH and 18 (24.32%) from patients diagnosed with CPS. Mann-Whitney-U calculations were performed to compare groups. The CPS patient group derived less benefit from physical therapies compared with non-CPS patients (U = 35.5, p = 0.0251) and that their reported mental health is worse than non-CPS patients (U = 31.5, p = 0.034). Within the CPS group, patients benefitted more from occupational therapy (U = 13.5, p = 0.01242) and pain management clinic (U = 9.5, p = 0.0226) than podiatry/orthotics services. When asked to rate their overall satisfaction out of 10, the median scores for the SH and MBP groups were 9 and 10 respectively, the median score for the CPS group was 5. Conclusion Our data would suggest that patients suffering with CPS would benefit from a more holistic approach including referrals to a psychologist, occupational therapy and the pain management team. The CPS group seemed most dissatisfied with the services provided by the clinic. The results of the project were fed back to the clinical team and we hope to repeat the survey in future after potential changes suggested by the survey have been implemented. Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Cultural Variations in Bay Area Functional Performance Evaluation Scores — Considerations for Occupational Therapy

1987 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Brockett
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Area Functional

In comparing the scores obtained in the Bay Area Functional Performance Evaluation test by two groups of acute psychiatric patients, one in San Francisco, California and the other in Vancouver, British Columbia, this paper examines aspects of performance which may be culturally determined. Given the limitations of the medical model used in many acute psychiatric programs, it considers possible alternative uses of this standardized test beyond the traditional occupational therapy initial assessment which may enhance its value: in identifying important information for treatment planning by the occupational therapist and providing a way of measuring a patient's readiness for discharge.

scholarly journals Playful strategies in the pediatric hospitalization scenario

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e6210514652
Author(s):  
Mariana Silva Souza ◽  
Daniel Lopes Araújo ◽  
Bruno Abilio da Silva Machado ◽  
Erik Bernardes Moreira Alves ◽  
Igor Mendes Mendonça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Play Therapy ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Multiprofessional Team ◽  
Pediatric Hospitalization ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Communication Resource

Childhood is a phase of life that, for the most part, is symbolized by the act of playing. It is through this stage that the child has new skills, experiences, and discoveries. In addition, one can also notice the development of processes such as creativity, self-confidence, social-affective relationships, and cognition. However, some situations sometimes hinder the realization of processes that are essential for childhood, hospitalization being one of them. The study aims to know the playful strategies in the scenario of pediatric hospitalization, highlighting its benefits and importance in hospital humanization. This is an integrative review, carried out from articles collected from the Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs, Medline and BDENF databases. The descriptors applied were "Child Health" AND "Play Therapy". The findings showed that play strategies are extremely important in the humanization of care for hospitalized children, as they reduce suffering and make hospitalization less painful and traumatic. It was concluded that playful strategies when implemented in the pediatric hospital setting promote a less traumatic recovery, in addition to allowing for greater tranquility in the hospital environment. Moreover, the use of playful strategies was pointed out by the studies as a communication resource that benefits not only the physical, emotional, and immunological stimuli, but also the relationship between the child and the health professional, thus contributing to a greater trust in the therapy adopted and in the multiprofessional team.

PLAY THERAPY TO REDUCE THE ANXIETY AMONG HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
Dhara Yagnang Vyas ◽  
James Mikin ◽  
Thakkar Bhargavi ◽  
Bamaniya Dhara ◽  
Chaudhari Hetvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

Play therapy helps to meet the emotional needs of children who have an illness or surgery & are in the hospital. A quasi-experimental outcome research study was conducted in two hospitals in different areas of Nadiad, with one assigned as the control and the other as the experimental hospital. Purposive sampling technique was used to select total 40 samples. Modied Anxiety Scale was used to assess the level of anxiety. The data was analyzed by using the descriptive and inferential statistics. The result of present study reveals that there is a reduced level of anxiety after administering the play therapy in experimental group. The mean pre-test anxiety score (53.70) was higher than the mean post-test (23.95) anxiety score in experimental group with the mean difference of 29.75, which shows there is a reduce level of anxiety after administering play therapy in experimental group. The post test anxiety score of control group (42.9) is higher thant the post test anxiety score (23.95) of experimental group, which shows there is a higher level of anxiety in control group. There is no signicant association between level of anxiety and demographic variables. The study concluded that there is a need of play therapy to reduce the anxiety and stress of hospitalized children.

Microcomputers in Occupational Therapy Departments: The Therapeutic Application

1984 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clephane Hume
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Future ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Student Training

In response to the developments in technology relevant to occupational therapy and the provision by the Department of Trade and Industry of microcomputers for evaluation, it was decided that current use should be investigated in order to facilitate planning for student training. A localized study, centred in south-eastern Scotland, was carried out by Clephane Hume and Mora Reid in November last year, when the first DTI computers had been placed in Scotland. This report discusses the factors hindering development, and lists the present and potential applications of microcomputers as shown by the study. It concludes that the therapist of the future must be aware of the therapeutic potential of the microcomputer.

scholarly journals Effect of Group Play Therapy on Emotional/Behavioral Problems of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Aged 6-12 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-405
Author(s):  
Sepideh Teimourian ◽  
◽  
Hooshang Mirzaei ◽  
Ebrahim Pishyare ◽  
Samaneh Hosseinzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Group Play Therapy ◽  
Rule Breaking ◽  
Group Play

Objective: One of the most significant issues in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is emotional/behavioral problems, which disrupt their social communication at home and school. Some of these problems include social problems, rule-breaking behavior, and aggressive behavior. These problems, if left untreated in childhood, can cause problems in adulthood such as substance abuse, insubordination in the workplace, shorter stay at a job, and more anti-social acts. Nowadays, the use of play therapy for children with ADHD has become common. It is an active approach that allows the children to express their feelings through play. In group play therapy, children are asked to evaluate their personality according to their peers’ reactions. The study investigates the effect of group play therapy on emotional/behavioral problems in children with ADHD aged 6-12 years. Materials & Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial. The study population consists of all children with ADHD referred to the Dostdaran Koodak Occupational Therapy Clinic in Isfahan City, Iran. Of these, 28 children aged 6-12 years (average age: 8 years), including 8 girls and 20 boys, were selected using a convenience sampling technique. First, the study objective was explained to the parents, and children were then randomly assigned into the intervention and control groups. Considering error (d)=3, with 95% confidence level and 80% test power, the sample size was determined 14 for each group. The intervention group received 12 sessions of group play therapy (2 sessions per week, each for 45-60 minutes), besides two sessions of individual occupational therapy per week. However, the control group received two sessions of occupational therapy per week only. The emotional/behavior problems of subjects in both groups were assessed before and after the intervention using the CBCL. Data analysis was performed in SPSS V. 21 software using the Shapiro-Wilk test and ANCOVA. Results: After the group play therapy, there was a significant decrease in the scores of emotional/behavioral problems, including social issues, aggressive behavior, and rule-breaking behavior, as well as in the overall score (P˂0.001). Conclusion: Group play therapy can be used as a complementary method with other common occupational therapies for reducing the emotional/behavioral problems in children with ADHD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document