scholarly journals Geological Review of the Rafflesia Trail, Near Kampung Jedip, Lojing Highlands: Inputs for a Nature-Based Tourism Site in Kelantan, Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin ◽  
Nur Syazwani Md. Fadilah ◽  
Zurfarahin Zulkarnain
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Quaternary Deposits ◽  
Rock Body ◽  
Porphyritic Granite ◽  
Tourism Attractions ◽  
Rock And Soil

A geological review was performed in the Rafflesia Trail, near Kampung Jedip, in Lojing Highlands, Kelantan, Malaysia. This area is famous for its Rafflesia and has become one of tourism attractions in the state of Kelantan. However, the recent rampant agricultural activities have significant effects to the area. The objective of this study is to give substantial geological inputs in terms of geomorphology, lithology, structural features, and geohazard potentials in the study area. Desk study was conducted by reviewing some literatures related to the topic and the study area. Field work was organized during a scientific expedition in January 2014 to collect data, samples, and photographs. Geomorphologically, the study area is mountainous area which mostly consists of mountain ridges and mountain valleys. Some fluvial features occur in the study area, such as waterfalls, cascades, rapids, runs, pools, potholes, lateral bars, and point bars. This area is composed of granitic rocks, mostly porphyritic granite, and covered by superficial Quaternary deposits. The geological structure that is commonly found in the study area is joints, where they divide the rock body into large, roughly angular blocks, which is called as brecciation. The potential geohazard in the study area is landslides, where some of them are composed of soil only and some others are mixtures of rock and soil. This study recommends this area should be supported as a sustainable nature-based tourism site in Lojing Highlands, Kelantan.

scholarly journals QUATERNARY DEPOSITS AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF LAKE ONEGA

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
Pavel Yu. Belyaev ◽  
◽  
Alexander E. Rybalko ◽  
Dmitry A. Subetto ◽  
Mikhail B. Zobkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Topography ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Lake Ladoga ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
State University ◽  
Quaternary Deposits ◽  
Lake Onega ◽  
Geological Map

Many publications have been devoted to the geological and geomorphological study of both Lake Ladoga and Lake Onega – the largest lakes of Northwest Russia and Europe. The last comprehensive geological studies of Lake Onega were carried out by Polar Marine Geosurvey Expedition as part of a geological survey at a scale of 1: 500,000 [12] and by Finnish researchers [19] at the beginning of the 21st century. Subsequently, these data were included in the third-generation State Geological Map at a scale of 1:1 000 000 [13]. Study of the basin’s geological structure was resumed in 2016 by researchers from the Northern Water Problems Institute of the Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, Lomonosov Moscow State University and Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, as well as representatives of other scientific organizations. The works included geological sampling, drilling from ice platform, seismoacoustic profiling and side-scan sonar. The aim of the works was to clarify data on the structural features of the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene deposits of Lake Onega and the genesis of the lake basin relief. Based on the data obtained in the course of field studies, a new distribution scheme of the Lake Onega Quaternary deposits was drawn up. Comparison of the scheme with the data on the bottom topography made it possible to characterize its genesis and draw up a geomorphological scheme. The data presented in this article can be used to update and supplement the State Geological Map of the Northwest Russia, as well as to solve other problems of Quaternary geology and paleogeography.

IDENTIFICAÇÃO DAS FEIÇÔES GRANÍTICAS DO MUNICÍPO DE IRAUÇUBA-CEARÁ

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Abner Monteiro Nunes Cordeiro ◽  
Rayane Barroso Araújo ◽  
Frederico De Holanda Bastos ◽  
Augusto César Praciano Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Geological Faults ◽  
Dry Climates ◽  
Evolution Understanding ◽  
Geomorphological Features

A exumação de rochas graníticas do Complexo Tamboril-Santa Quitéria, especificamente, na superfície de aplainamento do município de Irauçuba, Ceará, tem revelado uma grande variedade de feições geomorfológicas que se justificam por fatores litológicos e evidentes flutuações climáticas cenozoicas, comandadas, sobretudo, por morfogênese mecânica, associada a climas secos. São relevos residuais como, maciços, cristas, inselbergs, inselguebergs, lajedos e blocos saprolitizados (boulders) em diferentes graus de desenvolvimento que se sobressaem em meio à superfície erosiva rebaixada, regionalmente conhecida como depressão sertaneja. Nesse trabalho, foram identificadas diferentes formas de relevo granítico condicionadas, sobretudo por intempéries de subsuperfície, controladas por falhas e fraturas, e por remoção do regolito através da erosão superficial, além de eventos de esfoliação. Essas formas graníticas constituem peças fundamentais na compreensão da evolução paleoclimática do município de Irauçuba. Para a realização do presente trabalho foram usadas as seguintes metodologias: revisão bibliográfica, levantamento cartográfico e trabalho de campo.Palavras-chave: Feições graníticas; Superfícies de aplainamento; Erosão diferencial. ABSTRACTThe granitic rocks exhumation of Complexo Tamboril-Santa Quitéria, specifically, on the planing surface of Irauçuba county, Ceará, has revealed a great variety of geomorphological features that are justified by lithologic factors and evident Cenozoic climatic fluctuations, mainly, headed by mechanical morphogenesis, associated with dry climates. Residual reliefs like rocky massives, residual ridges, inselbergs and inselguebergs, slab stones and boulders in different degrees of development stand out in the middle of the lowered erosive surface, regionally known by “depressão sertaneja”. In this study, different forms of granite relief were identified, specially conditioned by subsurface erosion, controlled by geological faults and fractures, but also by regolith removal through surface erosion, plus exfoliation spheroidal events. These granitic features are fundamental in paleoclimatic evolution understanding of Irauçuba municipality. For the accomplishment of the present work the following methodology was used: bibliographical revision, cartographic survey and field work. For the accomplishment of the present work the following methodology was used: bibliographical revision, cartographic survey and field work.Keywords: Granitic features; Planing surface; Differential erosion.RESUMENLa exhumación de rocas graníticas del Complejo tamboril-Santa Quitéria, específicamente en la superficie de aplanado del municipio de Irauçuba, Ceará, ha revelado una gran variedad de rasgos geomorfológicos que se justifican por factores litológicos y evidentes fluctuaciones climáticas cenozoicas, comandadas principalmente por morfogénesis mecánica, asociada a climas secos. Son relieves residuales como, macizos, crestas, Inselbergs, inselguebergs, losas y bloques saprolitizados (Boulders) en diferentes grados de desarrollo que sobresalen en medio de la superficie erosiva rebajada, regionalmente conocida como depresión sertaneja. En este trabajo, se identificaron diferentes formas de relieve granítico condicionadas, principalmente por intemperies de subsuperficie, controladas por fallas y fracturas, y por eliminación del regolito a través de la erosión superficial, además de eventos de exfoliación. Estas formas graníticas constituyen piezas fundamentales en la comprensión de la evolución paleoclimática del municipio de Irauçuba. Para la realización del presente trabajo se utilizaron las siguientes metodologías: revisión bibliográfica, levantamiento cartográfico y trabajo de campo.Palabras clave: Facciones graníticas; Superficies de aplanado; Erosión diferencial.

scholarly journals Pre-Nagssugtoqidian crustal evolution in West Greenland: geology, geochemistry and deformation of supracrustal and granitic rocks north-east of Kangaatsiaq

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 33-52
Author(s):  
Jean-François Moyen ◽  
Gordon R. Watt
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Basin ◽  
Granulite Facies ◽  
Great Circle ◽  
Granitic Rocks ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Porphyritic Granite ◽  
The Core ◽  
North East ◽  
Greenstone Belts ◽  
Area North

The area north-east of Kangaatsiaq features polyphase grey orthogneisses, supracrustal rocks and Kangaatsiaq granite exposed within a WSW–ENE-trending synform. The supracrustal rocks are comprised of garnet-bearing metapelites, layered amphibolites and layered, likewise grey biotite paragneisses. Their association and geochemical compositions are consistent with a metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary basin (containing both tholeiitic and calc-alkali lavas) and is similar to other Archaean greenstone belts. The Kangaatsiaq granite forms a 15 × 3 km flat, subconcordant body of deformed, pink, porphyritic granite occupying the core of the supracrustal synform, and is demonstrably intrusive into the amphibolites. The granite displays a pronounced linear fabric (L or L > S). The post-granite deformation developed under lower amphibolite facies conditions (400 ± 50°C), and is characterised by a regular, NE–SW-trending subhorizontal lineation and an associated irregular foliation, whose poles define a great circle; together they are indicative of highly constrictional strain. The existence of a pre-granite event is attested by early isoclinal folds and a foliation within the amphibolites that is not present in the granite, and by the fact that the granite cuts earlier structures in the supracrustal rocks. This early event, preserved only in quartz-free lithologies, resulted in high-temperature fabrics being developed under upper amphibolite to granulite facies conditions.

Educational course "Creation of virtual geological outcrops of the outskirts of Lviv"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihor Bubniak ◽  
Serhiy Tsikhon ◽  
Anatoliy Tserklevych ◽  
Yevheniy Shylo ◽  
Mariia Oliinyk
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
The Third ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Teaching Award ◽  
The City ◽  
Educational Course

<p>We present a new educational course "Creation of virtual geological outcrops of the outskirts of Lviv" for students of geological specialties. Discipline "Creation of virtual geological outcrops of the outskirts of Lviv" is a selective discipline for students of 2-3 courses of various specialties, which is lectured in the amount of 3 credits (according to ECTS). The course is 32 hours of classroom classes, 16 hours of these of lectures, the rest 16 hours of practical classes and 58 hours of self-study.</p><p>The course is in three parts. First is preparatory ones. Students get acquainted with the geological structure of Lviv, prepare equipment for field work.</p><p>The field stage (the second part of the course) includes the survey of 3-4 geological objects around Lviv. These can be natural outcrops, quarries. A particularly valuable object for learning is the Honey Cave, located within the city limits. Depending on the object, we choose the type of survey— digital photogrammetry or terrestrial laser scanning. Each group of 4 students explores 2 objects.</p><p>The third cameral period includes field data processing. Students create 3D geological models and perform various measurements on them. Students compare different types of models to choose the best one. At this stage, students use a variety of software available in institutions. The final stage of the course is the preparation of a report and passing the exam.</p><p>The project war partly financed by EGU HE Teaching Award.</p>

Numerical Simulation on Forming Dynamics Mechanism and Stress State of Qianning Basin

2012 ◽  
Vol 226-228 ◽  
pp. 1458-1461
Author(s):  
Sheng Rui Su ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Hu Jun He ◽  
Xiao Jian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control Function ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Tectonic Stress ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Rock Body ◽  
High Stress Concentration ◽  
Basin Formation ◽  
Fault Belt ◽  
Rock Mechanical Properties

Two-dimensional finite element model of Qianning basin was built on the basis of depth study on geological structure conditions and of rock mechanical properties in Qianning basin, tectonic stress field characteristics of Qianning fault belt and Qianning basin formation mechanism were inversed. The results show that: (1)A remarkable low stress region is come into being in the central part of Qianning basin, the low stress environment in the strike-slip fault zone has a very important control function for the basin formation. (2)in the rock bridge area of secondary fault belt sinistral right order, high stress concentration zone are formed, rock body subject to extrusion, which often forms pushing structure, the surface morphology appears landforms phenomenon such as surface uplift, drum kits etc.

scholarly journals Application of Radar Imagery to Tectonic, Structural and Geological Studies in Afikpo Basin, Southeastern Benue Trough, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Minapuye Isaac Odigi ◽  
Prince Suka Momta
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Ground Field ◽  
Transform Faults ◽  
Benue Trough ◽  
Lithostratigraphic Units ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Radar Imagery

Radar imagery was used to identify geological features and the production of geological maps of the Afikpo basin. The essence of this study was to delineate significant geological and geomorphological features that have not been imaged by the traditional ground field mapping. The application of Radar imagery technique will be relevant to the discovery of subsurface structures that will aid the accumulation or concentration of certain economic minerals or natural resources. It will enhance the identification of significant geological information such as lineaments, geologic structures, drainages, etc, that will serve as a guide to the actual ground field work investigation. Results from radar imageries revealed drainage pattern, major geomorphological units, mega lithostratigraphic units, lineaments and structures. The geology of Afikpo basin consist of Cretaceous, Tertiary and Quaternary rocks are recognizable; the highly deformed Cretaceous rocks are characterized by regional lineaments. Some of the rivers are aligned along the regional lineaments. The NW-SE and NE-SW lineaments truncate one another, suggesting different ages for the lineament groups. A few sinistral tensional movements occur in the eastern sector of the basin.  The major folds in the Afikpo basin have NE-SW and NW-SE trends, and occur as anticlines and synclines. The basement structuring and basin framework suggest a tectonic setting in the southeastern Benue Trough resulting from the Early Cretaceous opening of the South Atlantic Ocean and interpolate movement in Africa. From the evidence currently available we may conclude that the post Santonian Afikpo basin falls within the transtenstional basin categories associated with transform faults. The regional tectonics interpreted from the radar imageries are likely hydrocarbon related structural features.

scholarly journals Continued investigations of Quaternary deposits in the area bounded by Søndre Strømfjord, the Inland Ice, and the Sukkertoppen Ice Cap

1971 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
N.W TenBrink
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Quaternary Deposits ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Inland Ice

The 1970 project was a continuation of more general 1969 investigations, some results and the objectives of which were reported by Weidick & Ten Brink (1969). The objectives of 1970 field work were to: (1) accurately determine altitudes and characteristics of marine limits; (2) complete a collection of marine shells and organic material from emerged marine deposits in order to derive a radiocarbon-dated delevelling history; (3) obtain cores of sediments from at least three lakes for pollen analysis and C-14 dating of lake-sea isolation times; (4) map in detail some glacial, glaciofluvial, and marine deposits known from 1969 investigations to be particularly important in reconstruction of Holocene events, and (5) conduct a lichenometric survey on young moraines near the lnland lce in order to estimate ages of the moraines. All the field objectives were achieved, and the results that can be stated before completion of analyses are summarised below.

scholarly journals De Karisimbi, Een Recente Vulkaan van Het Virungagebied (Rwanda, Zaire)

Afrika Focus ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-54
Author(s):  
Mark de Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Crystallization ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Crustal Rocks ◽  
Dating Method ◽  
Ultimate Purpose

Karisimbi, A Recent Volcano of the Virunga Area (Rwanda, Zaire) This paper deals with the geological structure and the petrologic evolution of Karisimbi, the highest volcano in the Virunga region. As this paper is intended to be understood by non-geologists, a brief review about the methods used by volcanologists, should make things clear for the reader. The field-work data enabled us to describe the morphology, structure and the evolution of Karisimbi. The results of the laboratory studies are summarized in the section petrography – petrochemistry, where some problems concerning nomenclature and interpretation of chemical data are discussed as well. Petrographical and petrochemical information leads us to the origin and the evolution of magmas, which is the ultimate purpose of every petrologist. In the case of Karisimbi, it is suggested that its petrologic evolution took place by simultaneous fractional crystallization and contamination by crustal rocks. Finally, the ages of some typical Karisimbi lavas have been determined by a radiometric dating method (K-Ar), bearing in mind that large errors on these ages are inevitable.

Geological structure and localization of mineralization at the Moryanikho-Merkurikhinskoye ore field

2022 ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Maria Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Yenisei Ridge ◽  
Shelf Zone ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Lead Zinc

The paper discusses the lithological and facial features of the terrigenous-carbonate (biohermic) ore-bearing geological formation of the Moryanikho-Merkurikhinskoye ore field (Yenisei Ridge), which hosts stratiform lead-zinc deposits in carbonate strata. Ore-hosting lithofacies and their paleostructural position are characterized. Based on the previous studies, as well as the author’s own materials obtained as a result of field work, the main favorable lithological, facial and structural factors for hosting Moryanikhinsky-type stratiform lead-zinc mineralization are defined: the presence of paleodepressions within the shelf zone; development of carbonate rocks – dolomites, stromatolite dolomites and limestones, which are biohermic structures on the slopes of paleo-uplifts; the presence of an admixture of tuffaceous material in terrigenous rock varieties. The influence of tectonic faults on the formation of ore deposits and the morphology of ore bodies is indicated. The main types of ores of the Moryanikho- Merkurikhinsky ore field, as well as their mineral composition are described. The paper discusses the main ore types, as well as their mineral composition typical of the Moryanikho-Merkurikhinskoye ore field. The largest and well-studied lead and zinc stratiform Moryanikhinskoye deposit and Merkurikhinskoye ore occurrence located within the ore field are briefly characterized. The Moryanikhinskoye deposit is a typical example for searching for stratiform deposits of lead and zinc in the carbonate strata of the Angara-Bolshepitskaya mineragenic zone, which is of practical interest in developing predictive prospecting models of deposits and improving the efficiency of prospecting.

scholarly journals Local Materials for Building Houses: Laterite Valorization in Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 324-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gana Abdou Lawane ◽  
Adamah Messan ◽  
Anne Pantet ◽  
Raffaele Vinai ◽  
Jean Hugues Thomassin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Environmental Considerations ◽  
Local Materials

This paper presents the preliminary results of geological and geomechanical studies on the laterite stone exploited at Dano quarry in Burkina Faso. The field work described the geological structure of quarry sites and their environment to determine the rocks alteration and the links between the bedrock and lateritic material. Physic-mechanical properties have been studied for assessing the potentiality of this material for lightweight housing, to be completed with thermal and environmental considerations. Some social and economic evaluations are in progress in order to foster its utilization under local conditions

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