scholarly journals Applications of a “Carry-Over” Enhanced DSBM Intertemporal Technical Efficiency Model on the Taiwanese 5G Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-46
Author(s):  
Day-Yang Liu ◽  
Hui-Chien Fan ◽  
Joseph C.P. Shieh ◽  
Cheng-Hsien Lin
Keyword(s):  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Wireless Technology ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Data Production ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
D Investment

Abstract Taiwan has proven itself successful at both inventing the key technologies leading to the development of 5G (fifth generation wireless technology)-related industries and serving as an indispensable link in the burgeoning 5G-industrial global supply chain. This study analyzes the current state of Taiwan’s 5G industry via the utilization the purpose of this study is to the Dynamic Slacks-Based Measure (DSBM). To achieve this purpose, a dynamic-data production process model was developed to analyze the 5G industry’s overall relative efficiency. Results indicate that (1) key chip-producing companies typically experience increased efficiency following 5G R&D industry development investment, and that said companies’ relative efficiency is, indeed, affected positively by R&D investment; and (2) key chip companies’ relative increases of efficiency were higher than those of brand terminal and downstream-industry-category companies, while companies with higher levels of R&D investment exhibited relatively higher and more significant levels of efficiency. Finally, it was discovered that the relative efficiency of Taiwan's 5G-related industries’ R&D investment was, indeed, statistically significant in terms of the Taiwanese government’s industrial policies regarding 5G R&D investment. Keywords: Dynamic Slacks-Based Measure (DSBM), 5G Industry, R&D Inputs.

scholarly journals Distributed Interoperable Records: The Key to Better Supply Chain Management

Computers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Annegret Henninger ◽  
Atefeh Mashatan
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Current State ◽  
Future State ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology

The global supply chain is a network of interconnected processes that create, use, and exchange records, but which were not designed to interact with one another. As such, the key to unlocking the full potential of supply chain management (SCM) technologies is achieving interoperability across participating records systems and networks. We review existing research and solutions using distributed ledger technology (DLT) and provide a survey of its current state of practice. We additionally propose a holistic solution: a DLT-based interoperable future state that could enable the interoperable, efficient, reliable, and secure exchange of records with integrity. Finally, we provide a gap analysis between our proposed future state and the current state, which also serves as a gap analysis for many fractional DLT-based SCM solutions and research.

scholarly journals Multi-Rate Data Fusion for State and Parameter Estimation in (Bio-)Chemical Process Engineering

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1990
Author(s):  
Robert Dürr ◽  
Stefanie Duvigneau ◽  
Carsten Seidel ◽  
Achim Kienle ◽  
Andreas Bück
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Chemical Reactor ◽  
Process Engineering ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Current State ◽  
Delayed Measurement ◽  
Advanced Model ◽  
Mathematical Process

For efficient operation, modern control approaches for biochemical process engineering require information on the states of the process such as temperature, humidity or chemical composition. Those measurement are gathered from a set of sensors which differ with respect to sampling rates and measurement quality. Furthermore, for biochemical processes in particular, analysis of physical samples is necessary, e.g., to infer cellular composition resulting in delayed information. As an alternative for the use of this delayed measurement for control, so-called soft-sensor approaches can be used to fuse delayed multirate measurements with the help of a mathematical process model and provide information on the current state of the process. In this manuscript we present a complete methodology based on cascaded unscented Kalman filters for state estimation from delayed and multi-rate measurements. The approach is demonstrated for two examples, an exothermic chemical reactor and a recently developed model for biopolymer production. The results indicate that the the current state of the systems can be accurately reconstructed and therefore represent a promising tool for further application in advanced model-based control not only of the considered processes but also of related processes.

scholarly journals Managerial Ability and R&D Investment: An Empirical Analysis Based on DEA-Tobit Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 01069
Author(s):  
Shouchang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Efficient Frontier ◽  
Discrete Distribution ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Tobit Model ◽  
Managerial Ability ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Investment

DEA is a statistical procedure used to evaluate the relative efficiency of separable entities, termed “decision-making units” (DMUs), where each DMU converts certain inputs into outputs. The DEA efficiency methodology can provides an ordinal ranking of relative efficiency compared to the Pareto-efficient frontier, and the widely used efficiency measure require that weights be explicitly set, which is more advantageous than the conventional measures of efficiency. The Tobit model is a dependent variable limited model. Since the efficiency value measured by the DEA model is a truncated discrete distribution value between 0 and 1, the Tobit model can effectively avoid the problems of bias and inconsistency in parameter estimation. Based on this, this paper takes Chinese A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2018 as samples, adopts DEA-Tobit model to measure managerial ability, and studies the impact of managerial ability on firm innovation investment. It is found that managerial ability is negatively correlated with R&D investment. Further research shows that the negative relationship between managerial ability and firm innovation investment is more significant in non-state-owned companies. Transparency of accounting information can alleviate the restraining effect of managers ability on innovation input. This study not only enriches the research literature in the field of managerial ability and firm innovation input, but also has important enlightenment significance on how to improve managerial innovation willingness in reality and further promote firm innovation behavior.

scholarly journals Risk Management in Product Design: Current State, Conceptual Model and Future Research

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Oehmen ◽  
Mohammad Ben-Daya ◽  
Warren Seering ◽  
Muhammad Al-Salamah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Iso 31000 ◽  
Risk Treatment ◽  
Process Elements ◽  
High Degree

Risk management is an important element of product design. It helps to minimize the project- and product-related risks such as project budget and schedule overrun, or missing product cost and quality targets. Risk management is especially important for complex, international product design projects that involve a high degree of novel technology. This paper reviews the literature on risk management in product design. It examines the newly released international standard ISO 31000 “Risk management — Principles and guidelines” and explores its applicability to product design. The new standard consists of the seven process steps communication and consultation; establishing the context; risk identification; risk analysis; risk evaluation; risk treatment; and monitoring and review. A literature review reveals, among other findings, that the general ISO 31000 process model seems applicable to risk management in product design; the literature addresses different process elements to varying degrees, but none fully according to ISO recommendations; and that the integration of product design risk management with risk management of other disciplines, or between project and portfolio level in product design, is not well developed.

scholarly journals Data journals: types of peer review, review criteria, and editorial committee members’ positions

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Sunkyung Seo ◽  
Jihyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Editorial Committee ◽  
Advisory Boards ◽  
Current State ◽  
Metadata Quality ◽  
Data Production ◽  
Open Review ◽  
Review Criteria

Purpose: This study analyzed the peer review systems, criteria, and editorial committee structures of data journals, aiming to determine the current state of data peer review and to offer suggestions.Methods: We analyzed peer review systems and criteria for peer review in nine data journals indexed by Web of Science, as well as the positions of the editorial committee members of the journals. Each data journal’s website was initially surveyed, and the editors-in-chief were queried via email about any information not found on the websites. The peer review criteria of the journals were analyzed in terms of data quality, metadata quality, and general quality.Results: Seven of the nine data journals adopted single-blind and open review peer review methods. The remaining two implemented modified models, such as interactive and community review. In the peer review criteria, there was a shared emphasis on the appropriateness of data production methodology and detailed descriptions. The editorial committees of the journals tended to have subject editors or subject advisory boards, while a few journals included positions with the responsibility of evaluating the technical quality of data.Conclusion: Creating a community of subject experts and securing various editorial positions for peer review are necessary for data journals to achieve data quality assurance and to promote reuse. New practices will emerge in terms of data peer review models, criteria, and editorial positions, and further research needs to be conducted.

scholarly journals Bereavement in Times of COVID-19: A Review and Theoretical Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-522
Author(s):  
Margaret Stroebe ◽  
Henk Schut
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Expert Assessments

A review of the literature on adaptation to bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic was conducted to assess the current state of knowledge. Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies published during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 outbreak. 44 articles were included in the review. Narrative synthesis showed that knowledge was largely based on expert assessments of prior bereavement research and professional experience; there is so far absence of empirical evidence linking features of COVID-19 bereavement situations to health outcomes. Severe negative consequences have been consistently predicted by authors. There is still relatively little consideration of positive or compensatory processes or the possibility that these could alleviate the effect of the shocking, traumatic circumstances. With two notable exceptions, there has been lack of attention to the role of theoretical models for guiding research and practice. A theoretical perspective (the Dual Process Model, DPM) was applied to the information derived from the available articles. Two features of the DPM framework illustrated its relevance: 1. It enables systematic assessment of the range of loss- and restoration-related challenges for the bereaved; 2. It speaks for extension of psychotherapeutic intervention to manage secondary, restoration- as well as primary, loss-oriented stressors; studies have demonstrated that this may increase the effectiveness of intervention. Directions for future research and DPM application are suggested.

5G Wireless Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 256-257
Author(s):  
Mr. Sangram Tanaji Shinde
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Network ◽  
Wireless Technology ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Cellular Technology

This 5G stands for fifth generation wireless technology. It is the latest version of cellular technology that has main features: Grater speed, lower latency, and ability to connect a lot more devices simultaneously. A commercial 5G wireless network is expected to be deployed by 2021.

scholarly journals From Smart Farming towards Unmanned Farms: A New Mode of Agricultural Production

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Tan Wang ◽  
Xianbao Xu ◽  
Cong Wang ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Daoliang Li
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Agricultural Work ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
Agriculture Labor ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Severe Shortage

Agriculture is the most important industry for human survival and solving the hunger problem worldwide. With the growth of the global population, the demand for food is increasing, which needs more agriculture labor. However, the number of people willing to engage in agricultural work is decreasing, causing a severe shortage of agricultural labor. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mode of agricultural production without labor force participation. With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, Big Data, artificial intelligence, robotics and fifth-generation (5G) communication technology, robots can replace humans in agricultural operations, thus enabling the establishment of unmanned farms in the near future. In this review, we have defined unmanned farms, introduced the framework of unmanned farms, analyzed the current state of the technology and how these technologies can be used in unmanned farms, and finally discuss all the technical challenges. We believe that this review will provide guidance for the development of unmanned farms and provide ideas for further investigation of these farms.

scholarly journals The KICK-OFF of 6G Research Worldwide: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Hans Dieter Schotten
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Mobile System ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Milestone

The fifth-generation (5G) mobile system is now being deployed across the world and the scale of 5G subscribers is growing quickly in many countries. The attention of academia and industry is increasingly shifting towards the sixth generation (6G) and many pioneering works are being kicked off, indicating an important milestone in the history of 6G. At this juncture, an overview of the current state of the art of 6G research and a vision of future communications are of great interest. This paper thus investigates up-to-date 6G research programs, ambitions, and main viewpoints of representative countries, institutions and companies worldwide. Then, the key technologies are outlined and a vision on ``What 6G may look like?" is provided. This paper aims to serve as an enlightening guideline for interested researchers to quickly get an overview when kicking off their 6G research.

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