Impact of Leucocytospermia on Semen Parameters among Sudanese Sub-Fertile Men Port Sudan -2019

Background: For a long time, bacterial infection of the male genital tract was thought to be one of the leading causes of male infertility. Various clinical studies have identified Leucocytospermia as a proxy marker for these infections, although other causes of inflammation may also play a role. Objective: The study was conducted at the Dermatology Teaching Hospital in Port Sudan with the aim of determining the impact of leucocytospermia on semen parameters and defining the microbial etiology among infertile males. Methods: Between September 2019 and February 2020, a descriptive, cross-sectional, hospital-based investigation was applied. After meeting the study requirements, 140 patients were randomly selected; patient information was collected via a closed-ended questionnaire after patients provided their authorization. Results: A total of 140 male infertility patients were evaluated. The mean age of respondents was 43.5 + 2.6 years old, 61.4% of the patients had infertility for 1-5 years, 55.7% of the patients had secondary infertility, 32.1% of the patients demonstrated leucocytospermia on their semen analysis. Semen analysis results showed that 37.8 of the leucospermic patients’ sperm count was <15 X 106. In 73.3% of the patients, the motile sperms were < 40%, and normal morphology was less than 4% in 46.7% of the patients. The analysis showed mixed infection by both gram positive and negative bacteria are common (42.2%). Conclusion: According to the findings, there is an association between leucocytospermia and male infertility.

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SEMEN pH;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2012.19.02.2019 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 (02) ◽

pp. 234-241

Author(s):

HENRY. A. MWAKYOMA ◽

ERICK. P. MAGOROSA

Keyword(s):

Hormonal Regulation ◽

Seminal Fluid ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Staining Technique ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Morphological Examination ◽

Pathology Laboratory ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The World

Background: Male infertility is a frequent reproductive health problem in the world. It is usually related to abnormal spermproduction or function and these abnormalities can occur anywhere in the production of sperm including hormonal regulation, storage andtransport of sperm. Various factors are known to be responsible for seminal fluid abnormalities. Usually the first step in evaluating for maleinfertility is semen analysis. Setting: The study was conducted at Muhimbili National Hospital mainly in the department of Pathology laboratory,cytology unit. Study design: The study was a hospital based cross-sectional type. Objective: To determine semen pH in patients presenting withinfertility complains and relate how pH of seminal fluid and other semen parameters influence each other. Material and methods: Beforesemen collection, patients were instructed to abstain from sexual intercourse for a minimum of 48 hours to 7 days and collect semen bymasturbation and transport it to the laboratory through shirt pocket. Semen was to reach the laboratory for examination in not more than onehour from time of collection. Semen was examined macroscopically for volume, colour, viscosity and pH by using a pH meter (Consort C830)followed by microscopic examination which included motility of spermatozoa and sperm count by using Neuber counting chamber. The smearwas made on glass slides, fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol for 30 minutes then stained by using Papanicolaou’s staining technique and then analyzedmicroscopically for morphological examination. Results: In the analysis of the influence of semen parameters on semen pH, there wasdecrease in seminal fluid pH with age whereby as age increased the pH of seminal fluid decreased.. The general trend observed was that thepH of seminal fluid tended to decrease with an increase in the days of abstinence. pH tended to decrease with an increase of seminal fluidvolume. The pH of seminal fluid also increased with an increase in viscosity (Hyperviscosity >Hypoviscosity). The pH of seminal fluid in patientswith less than 50% forward progressive movement of spermatozoa was higher when compared to those with more than 50% forwardprogressive movement. pH had an influence on the motility of spermatozoa. Conclusions and recommendation: pH and other parameterstended to have an influence each other during seminal analysis in our study. There is a variation of pH in different parts of the World according tothe studies done. It is recommended that pH should be included during seminal analysis because our study has shown that it affects most of theseminal fluid parameters in and contribute to the problem of infertility.

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ASSOCIATION OF VARICOCELE WITH OLIGOSPERMIA AND AZOSPERMIA

Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat ◽

10.52206/jsmc.2013.3.2.303-307 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 303-307

Author(s):

NAIK ZADA ◽

SHAFI ULLAH KHAN ◽

RIAZ AHMAD KHAN

Keyword(s):

Sperm Count ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Male Factor ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Seminal Parameters ◽

The Mean ◽

Age Range

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of abnormal semen parameters among patients presenting withvaricocele1METHODS:It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Urology Institute ofkidney diseases Hayat Abad Medical Complex Peshawar and Cenna hospital Saidu Sharif Swat. The studywas carried out on 139 human subjects with clinical evidence of varicocele between age range of 15-45years.The diagnosis of varicocele was based on palpable and/or visible scrotal lump of testicular veins(pampiniform plexus) and was diagnosed on the basis of clinical examination. Semen analysis was carriedout in all these patients and information wascollected on pre designed proforma.RESULTS:The study included a total of 139 patients with varicocele. The mean age of patient was 30 years(15-45) among the patients having symptoms of varicocele. The Mean ±SD for duration of varicocelesymptoms was 9.32 ± 9.70 months. 6.5% (n=9) patients were having azoospermia and 20.1% (n=28)patients had oligozoospermia.CONCLUSION: Patients with varicocele have poor seminal parameters in terms of sperm count i.e.oligozoospermia and azoospermia responsible for male factor infertility in majority ofcases.KEYWORDS:varicocele;seminal parameters;sperm count, infertility

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Prevalence and Patterns of Male Infertility Based on Semen Analysis in Patients Visiting Massawa Hospital; Eritrea: Cross-Sectional Study; 2020

10.21203/rs.3.rs-401307/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Berhe Tesfai ◽

Fitsum Kibreab ◽

Hailemichael Gebremariam ◽

Liwam Abraham

Keyword(s):

Male Infertility ◽

Sperm Motility ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Male Factor Infertility ◽

Male Factor ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Semen Volume ◽

Primary Type ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background Semen analysis is the first step to identify male factor infertility. World Health Organization estimates that male factor accounts for 50% of couple sub-fertility. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of male factor infertility based on semen analysis in patients visiting Massawa Hospital with infertility complaints. Methods It was a retrospective, descriptive cross sectional hospital based type of study with a census sampling method. Patient’s medical records and hospital laboratory register were used to retrieve semen analysis results of patients from June 2018 to June 2020. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Health Research and Ethical Review Committee. Confidentiality of patients records kept was secured and consent was obtained from study participants to use their data. Results were presented in frequency, tables and p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 112 patients data was analyzed in the study with 49.1% were aged between 20 to 30 years. The prevalence of male factor infertility in these patients was found to be 42% and 79.5% of them had primary type of infertility. Of the study participants; 63 (56.3%), 72 (64.3%) and 70 (62.5%) had sperm count < 15 million sperms/ml, sperm motility < 40 % and morphology of < 60% respectively. One tenth, 15 (13.4%) of the patients had a semen volume of < 1.5ml/ejaculate, out of which 13(86.7%) had primary type of infertility. Moreover; 72 (64.3%) patients had total sperm count/ejaculate of < 39 million and 59 (82%) of these had primary type of infertility. In addition; 50.8% and 50% of patients aged 20 to 30 years had a sperm count < 15 million/ml and sperm motility of < 40% respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of male factor infertility was slightly higher and was dominated with primary infertility. Most patients had lower sperm count, sperm motility but higher semen volume, and majority of the patients with abnormal sperm results were aged between 20 to 30 years. Further prospective researches to determine the risk factors for male infertility and introducing assisted type of fertility in Eritrea are highly recommended.

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SEMEN ANALYSIS; CORNER STONE IN EVALUATING INFERTILITY

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v71i6.6150 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 71 (6) ◽

pp. 2224-27

Author(s):

Aysha Khan ◽

Zunera Shahbaz ◽

Shagufta Yousaf ◽

Abeera Ahmed ◽

Fatima Sana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Normal Male ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Sperm ◽

Health Organization

Objective: To study the patterns and distribution of various abnormal semen parameters in infertile males. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pathology, Combined Military Hospital, Karachi, from Nov 2019 to Oct 2020. Methodology: The study included 364 patients who presented with primary and secondary infertility. Consecutive convenient sampling was done. Semen analysis was performed using World Health Organization latest guidelines. Samples were categorized as normospermia, azoospermia, oligospermia, asthenozoospermia and necrospermia. Results: The study comprised of 364 samples of infertile males. Normal sperm count was observed in 317 (87%) males, azoospermia in 28 (7.6%) and oligospermia in 19 (5.2%) males. Low ejaculated volume and higher non-motile sperms were noted in oligospermia samples in comparison with normospermia samples. Asthenozoospermia was observed in 102 (28%) and oligoasthenospermia was noted in 15 (4.1%) samples. Conclusion: Good quality semen analysis is a corner stone to diagnose the cause of male infertility.Sperm concentration and motility are the important markers of normal male reproductive system and are related to each other.

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The Impact of Radiofrequency Waves on Male Infertility: A Systematic Review

Shiraz E-Medical Journal ◽

10.5812/semj.101741 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Leili Darvish ◽

Azadeh Amraee ◽

Marjan Akhavan Amjadi ◽

Zahra Atarodi Kashani ◽

Masoumeh Ghazanfarpour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Male Infertility ◽

Sperm Quality ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Sperm Concentration ◽

Membrane Integrity ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Negative Effects ◽

The Impact

Context: As the use of cellphones and other electronic devices increases, concerns about the possible effect of radiofrequency waves on health are growing. Long-term use of the cellphone may have negative effects on sperm quality. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to examine men's infertility due to the effect of radiofrequency waves. Methods: In this systematic review, language restrictions were not considered in searching the databases. Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, PubMed, EMBASE, ProQuest, CINAHL, Science Direct, MEDLINE, and Scopus were used to obtain the data from them. All data were scanned from the year 2000 until 2019. Papers selected for retrieval were evaluated by the Newcastle-Ottawa and CONSORT scales. Results: A total of 14 articles that met the inclusion criteria were ultimately assessed. Motile sperm, sperm vitality and membrane integrity, morphology, volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration, and sperm fertility were found to be influenced by radiofrequency waves. Conclusions: The results showed that RF has detrimental effects on semen parameters and due to an increase in RF wave use currently and its role in male infertility, giving information to men about adverse complications of RF is necessary. Further studies are needed to design the less harmful devices.

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The Impact of Intense Exercise on Semen Quality

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988316669045 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 654-662 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Paweł Jóźków ◽

Marco Rossato

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Semen Quality ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Male Factor ◽

Recreational Athletes ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Male Reproductive Health ◽

The Impact

With expanding knowledge on the health benefits of exercise, there is an increasing demand for information on the andrological consequences of participating in sports. These consequences are especially important in the context of infertility problems worldwide. The so-called “male factor” is reported in up to 50% of couples having trouble with conception. The answer to the question, “Is physical activity good for male reproductive health?” is not straightforward. A number of studies have suggested that significant changes in semen parameters may occur due to sports training of certain types, intensities, and durations. The changes to these parameters vary in scope, direction, and magnitude. Findings in recreational athletes have also differed from those in professional athletes. This review of the current literature suggests that intense physical activity may affect the semen concentration, as well as the number of motile and morphologically normal spermatozoa. Training at higher intensities and with increased loads seems to be associated with more profound changes in semen quality. In recreational athletes, exercise has either a positive or neutral effect on semen parameters. Due to many limitations (e.g., global sperm count trends, concerns about the quality control of sperm evaluations, and new standards for semen analysis), comparisons among historical data and their interpretation are difficult.

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Comparison of Open Sub-Inguinal and Microscopic Sub-Inguinal Varicocelectomy for Improvement of Sperm Parameters

10.53350/pjmhs2115102882 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2882-2885

Author(s):

Saleem Shahzad ◽

Muhammad Waqar Shahid ◽

Muhammad Azeem Mughal ◽

Ismat Ullah ◽

Attiq-ur- Rehman Khan

Keyword(s):

Male Infertility ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Surgical Methods ◽

Group A ◽

Treatment Objective ◽

Randomized Controlled Trail ◽

Group B ◽

Keywords Male Infertility

Background: Varicoceles along with oligospermia as well as with asthenozoospermia lead to the male infertility. It can weaken the spermatogenesis via many different pathophysiological mechanisms. Many surgical and non-surgical methods are available for its treatment. Objective: To compare microscopic versus open sub-inguinal varicocelectomy in males with varicocele with oligospermia and asthenozoospermia. Study Design: Randomized controlled trail Place and Duration of Study: Department of Urology, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from 1st May to 30th November 2017. Methodology: One hundred and fifty males with varicocele were recruited and divided in two equal groups. Group A patients underwent microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocelectomy and Group B patients underwent conventional/open sub-inguinal varicocelectomy. Semen analysis was done before surgery and after four months of surgery and 50% improvement in semen parameters were noted. Results: The mean age was 31.69±5.49 years. In group A and group-B ≥50% improvement was observed in 36 (48%) and 21 (28%) respectively. The improvement was significantly higher in group A than group B (p>0.012). Conclusion: The improvement in sperm count and motility was significantly higher in patients treated with microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocelectomy when treated with conventional/open sub-inguinal varicocelectomy. Keywords: Male infertility, Varicocele, Varicocelectomy, Seminal parameters, Microsurgical sub-inguinal, Conventional/open sub-inguinal

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Interventional study to find out effect of human chorionic gonadotropin and antioxidants on idiopathic male infertility

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20170369 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 496

Author(s):

Namrata V. Padvi ◽

Pooja P. Singh ◽

Kishore M. Nadkarni ◽

Prabhakar M. Singh

Keyword(s):

Male Infertility ◽

Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽

Medical Management ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

P Value ◽

Idiopathic Male Infertility ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Male contributes about 50% for cases with combined male and female infertility. When the cause is not known, it is term as idiopathic infertility. It affects 25% of men. Many advances have been made in reproductive medicine which provides great opportunities, couples which were considered untreatable now have got chance to have their own babies. Various ART procedures like ICSI have been proven as an efficient therapy in severe male factor infertility. However, the cost per cycle and complications such as multiple gestations cannot be ignored. Medical management of infertility can be specific or empirical depending on etiology. Specific medical management is use when certain etiology is identified. However, in absence of specific etiology use of empirical medical treatment can be attempted in order to improve treatment results. In this study our aim is to evaluate the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and antioxidants on semen parameters in men with idiopathic male infertility.Methods: Thirty men with abnormal semen parameters were included in study. Patients were treated with injection hCG-2000 IU three times a week for three months along with the antioxidants. After 3 months of treatment repeat semen analysis were performed and results were compared with pre-treated seminal parameters.Results: Results showed significant increase in sperm count (p value ≤ 0.001), total motility (p value=<0.001), and progressive forward motility (p value = <0.001), while no significant difference is seen in rest of the parameters.Conclusions: Use of hCG and antioxidants in idiopathic male infertility can significantly improve seminal parameters in idiopathic male infertility.

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Is there a relationship between serum vitamin D and semen parameters? A cross-sectional sample of the Iranian infertile men

Basic and Clinical Andrology ◽

10.1186/s12610-021-00147-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hossein Hajianfar ◽

Elham Karimi ◽

Negar Mollaghasemi ◽

Sheyda Rezaei ◽

Arman Arab

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Morphology ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Semen Volume

Abstract Background Recent studies suggest that serum vitamin D may be associated with semen parameters. In the present cross-sectional study, we attempted to investigate the association between serum vitamin D levels and semen parameters among Iranian sub-fertile men. Results A total of 350 infertile men recruited for this cross-sectional study using a simple random sampling method with a mean age of 34.77 years old, body mass index of 26.67 kg/m2, serum vitamin D of 20.17 ng/ml, semen volume of 3.82 mL, sperm count of 44.48 (106/mL), sperm total motility of 38.10 %, and morphologically normal sperm of 7.0 %. After controlling for potential confounders, serum vitamin D was positively associated with semen volume (β = 0.63, 95 % CI: 0.06, 1.20), sperm count (β = 14.40, 95 % CI: 4.56, 24.25), sperm total motility (β = 18.12, 95 % CI: 12.37, 23.86), and sperm normal morphology (β = 1.95, 95 % CI: 1.07, 2.83). Conclusions The present findings suggest that higher serum vitamin D levels are positively associated with higher semen volume, sperm count, sperm total motility, and normal morphology rate. These findings, however, do not specify a cause-and-effect relationship, and there is a need for further research in this area to understand whether vitamin D supplementation can improve semen parameters.

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Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on semen parameters

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.7292 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Mustafa Bilal Hamarat ◽

Mehmet Serkan Ozkent ◽

Burak Yılmaz ◽

Salih Yahya Aksanyar ◽

Kadir Karabacak

Keyword(s):

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Sperm Concentration ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Positive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Normal Morphology ◽

Before And After ◽

Time Of Infection ◽

The Mean ◽

Pcr Test

Introduction: There are not enough studies showing the degree to which the SARS-CoV-2 virus affects the semen parameters after coronavirus infection in comparison to before they were infected. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on semen parameters. Methods: Patients were screened if they had had semen analysis performed from October 1, 2019, to December 1, 2020, in the assisted reproduction unit and later had positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patients’ semen parameters were recorded before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection, along with degrees of SARS-CoV-2 infection, dates of SARS-CoV-2 infection, durations between the treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection and the second semen analysis, time of symptom onset, duration of their symptoms, ages, comorbidities, and any medications patients were taking. Results: Forty-one patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 31.29±5.95 years. The mean duration from first semen analysis to the PCR test was 7.74±3.03 months. The mean duration between the PCR test and later semen analysis was 2.35±1.35 months. The median sperm concentration for the patients before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection were 24 mil/ml and 13 mil/ml, respectively (p<0.001). The normal morphology percentage before infection was 3.16±0.92, while it was 2.44±1.04 after infection (p=0.011). In 26 patients, the period from the time of infection to the second semen analysis was over 70 days, while this period was less than 70 days in the other 15 patients; however, in both patient groups, a significant decrease was detected in the sperm concentrations and total sperm count. Conclusions: In the semen samples we assessed, we observed a significant decrease in the mean sperm concentration, total sperm count, and mean percentage of samples with normal morphology after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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