scholarly journals Prevalence of Falling and its relation with Chronic diseases and Balance of Older Adults in Urmia City

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-278
Author(s):  
Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad ◽  
Moradali Zareipour ◽  
Mohsen Askarishahi ◽  
Alireza Beigomi

Introduction: Falling is one of the most common and serious health problems in the elderly people. As a result of aging , the muscles will be departed, so it will be difficult to balance and gait. This study aims to Prevalence of falling and its relation with chronic diseases and balance of Older Adults in Urmia city. Methods: This is a cross-sectional (descriptive-analytic) study in which 200 elderly people were selected by random cluster sampling method. Data were collected by using a two-part questionnaire which was included demographic information, common epidemic diseases and history of falling of the elderly people in the last year and Tinetti balance assessment questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using t- test and logistic regression in SPSS v.21 software. Results: The results of this study showed that, the rate of falling was 30 percent. Diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, osteoarthritis, stroke, visual impairment, respiratory disease, fecal incontinence increase the risk of falling in the elderly people. Logistic Recession Results show that old age (OR = 4.2, p = .04; 95%CI = 0.87-1.3)female (OR = 2.2, p = .03; 95%CI = 0.59-2.7)chronic disease (OR = 1.7, p = .05; 95%CI = 0.49-3.07)Poor economic situation (OR = 1.4, p = .008; 95%CI = 0.57-7.3) Low balance (OR = 9.6, p < .0001; 95%CI = 2.3-7.1)،increased the likelihood of falling elderly. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the rate of falling in Iranian elderly people is relatively high. The appropriate and effective preventive interventions should be made according to effective factors in falling of older adults.  

Salmand ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Mohamadzadeh ◽  
◽  
Vahid Rashedi ◽  
Mitra Hashemi ◽  
Vahidreza Borhaninejad ◽  
...  

Objectives: Physical disability to perform daily living activities is one of the major causes of depression in the elderly people. On the other hand, depression is associated with loss of interest in daily activities and lack of independence. The present study aimed to assess the relationship of depression with the ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) in older adults in Iran. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was performed on 148 elderly people aged ≥60 years who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by using ADL, IADL, and 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) questionnaires and were then presented by using descriptive statistics and analyzed by Chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. Results: Participants were 86 female (58.1%) and 62 male (41.9%); 109 (73.6%) aged 60-75 years, and the rest were older than 75 years; 71 (48%) had moderate or severe depression; 4(2.7%) and 61(41.2%) were dependent or in need of help performing ADL and IADL, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that depression has a significant negative correlation with ADL (r= -0.304, P<0.001) and IADL (r=-0.193, P>0.01); i.e. by increasing one of them, the depression decreases. Conclusion: The ability of the elderly people to perform ADL and IADL can be a good predictor of depression in them. With early assessment of their health and ability by health teams and family members, it is possible to prevent the development of their disability and depression.


Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Xiuqin Chen ◽  
Xiaoming Sun ◽  
Huifen Ma ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
...  

Background: We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the 'Timed Up and Go' test (TUGT) for identifying fall risk in community-dwelling elderly. Methods: From Aug 2016 to Feb 2017, cluster sampling was conducted among residents aged over 60 from 15 communities in Songjiang district, Shanghai. Face-to-face questionnaire interviews and TUGT measures were conducted to collect data. Results: 6,014 participants were enrolled, with an average age 72.7±7.0 years. 637 (10.6%) elderly people had a fall experience in the past year. TUGT for the non-fall group, one-fall group and recurrent-fall group was 9.02±4.39, 10.00±5.26 and 10.78±4.51 seconds respectively (P<0.001). ROC analysis showed that the TUGT cut-off point for the elderly was 12.5 seconds and AUC was 0.573 for any-fall group and 0.613 for recurrent-fall group respectively. After adjusting for age and gender, the predictive value was not high for any-fall group (AUC=0.614) and recurrent-fall group (AUC=0.648). The TUGT cut-off point for the elderly aged below 65, 65-74, 75-84 and 85 and above was 13.52s, 12.51s, 12.51s, 12.00s, respectively. After adjustment of the confounding factors, the OR values for the risk of fall for the elderly men and women who completed TUGT longer than the cut-off point was 2.404 and 2.075 times higher than those who completed TUGT shorter than the cut-off point, respectively. Conclusion: TUGT with the cut-off score of 12.5s has limited capability in predicting fall risk in community-dwelling elderly.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2233-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad ◽  
Moradali Zareipour ◽  
Mohsen Askarishahi ◽  
Alireza Beigomi

BACKGROUND: The living environment has an impact on the health of the elderly, and the safety of the house is one of the concerns of the elderly. Disregarding the safety concerns increases the falling. AIM: This research was conducted with the aim of influencing the living environment on falls among elderly people in Urmia city. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional (descriptive-analytic) study which 200 elderly people were selected by random cluster sampling. Data were collected by using a two-part questionnaire including demographic information, and home safety assessment checklist. Data were analysed by using chi-square test and logistic regression in SPSS v. 21 software. RESULTS: The incidence of falling in the elderly was 30%. There was a significant statistical association with age, sex, marital status and history of chronic disease. Results of logistic regression showed non-safe stairs (OR = 1.1, p = 0.002), unsafe toilet/bath (OR = 1.3, p = 0.001), unsafe bedrooms (OR = 1.7, p = 0.05) unsafe living room (OR = 1.4, p = 0.02) increase the falls in the elderly, as well as male gender (OR = 1.14, p < 0.001) and living with other people (OR = 0.19, p = 0.002) reduce the falls in the elderly. CONCLUSION: By identifying the risk factors of the physical space of the home, we can plan for implementing necessary interventions according to the risk factor or risk factors to prevent and reduce the falls in the elderly community.


Salmand ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-257
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Yousefi ◽  
◽  
Fatemeh Mohammadi ◽  
Seyedeh Ameneh Motalebi ◽  
Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽  
...  

Objectives: Successful aging is a positive inner feeling and satisfaction with the past and present life experiences. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the predicting factors of successful aging in a sample of Iranian elderly. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 291 elderly in Qazvin City, Iran, in 2018. The study participants were selected using the two-stage cluster sampling method. Data collection was performed using the demographic characteristics checklist, the Successful Aging Scale, and Paloutzian and Ellison Spiritual Wellbeing Scale. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive tests (frequency, percentage, central & dispersion indices) and a hierarchical linear regression model. Results: The study sample was 291 elderly with a Mean±SD age of 68.3±6.7 years. The obtained results indicated that the spiritual health of 81.1% of the explored elderly was strong; most of the examined elderly presented a good level of successful aging. Besides, spiritual health was a predictor of successful aging in the study participants. Regarding the aspects of spiritual health, existential health positively and significantly impacted successful aging (B=0.65, P<0.001). Furthermore, the obtained data revealed that the employed elderly (B:4.29), compared to housewives (B:-4.25), those with high economic status, compared to those with a moderate (B:-3.44) and low (B:-7.332) economic level, and the elderly without a history of physical (B:-4.55) and mental (B:-2.54) conditions obtained significantly higher scores in successful aging. Conclusion: The existential aspect of spiritual health is among the predictors of successful aging. Given the importance and sensitivity of the issues related to the elderly, by interventions focused on spiritual education, one can increase the quality of this period and enrich it.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Patrícia Firmino ◽  
Andréa Carvalho Araújo Moreira ◽  
Francisco Wellington Dourado Júnior ◽  
Francisca Alanny Rocha Aguiar ◽  
Danielle Rocha Do Val

Objetivo: Descrever a qualidade de vida de idosos com doenças crônicas, acompanhados pela Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método: Estudo descritivo e transversal, realizado com 90 idosos acompanhados pelas equipes de saúde da família de um município do Ceará, Brasil, entre outubro e novembro de 2017. Os dados foram coletados nos domicílios dos idosos utilizando um questionário do perfil social e saúde e instrumentos validados sobre qualidade de vida de idosos, WHOQOL-BREF e WHOQOL-OLD. Para análise dos dados empregou-se estatística descritiva. Resultados: A autoavaliação da qualidade de vida obteve média de 48,75. Verificou-se maior escore para a qualidade de vida de idosos nos domínios das relações sociais (57,98) e intimidade (53,04). Houve menor escore para o domínio “atividades passadas”, presentes e futuras (37,23) e para o domínio meio ambiente (45,45), onde as facetas de maiores prejuízos foram recursos financeiros (35,00) e recreação e lazer (26,07). Conclusão: Idosos com doenças crônicas alcançam níveis medianos de qualidade de vida, sendo as relações sociais e intimidade os domínios que se apresentam com níveis mais satisfatórios, necessitando melhorar aspectos relacionados à assistência social e de saúde mental e física dos idosos.Descritores: Qualidade de Vida; Idosos; Doenças Crônicas.QUALITY OF LIFE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC DISEASES MONITORED BY THE FAMILY HEALTH STRATEGYObjective: To describe the quality of life of elderly people with chronic diseases monitored by the Family Health Strategy. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study, carried out with 90 elderly people monitored by health teams in the city of Ceará, Brazil, between October and November 2017. Data were collected in the homes of the elderly using a questionnaire of social and health profile and validated instruments on quality of life of the elderly, WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD. For data analysis, descriptive statistics is used. Results: An average self-assessment of quality of life of 48.75. There was a higher score in the domain of social relations (57.98) and a lower score in the domain of the environment (45.45) where the facets that point the most damage to the quality of life of the elderly were financial resources (35.00) and recreation and leisure (26.07). The intimacy domain used the highest score (53.04) and the past, present and future activities lowest score (37.23) domain by WHOQOL-OLD. Conclusion: Elderly people with chronic diseases reached average levels of quality of life, with social relationships and domains of intimacy presenting more satisfactory levels, needing to improve aspects related to health care and usage practices Descriptors: Quality of Life; Elderly; Chronic Disease.CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LAS PERSONAS MAYORES CON ENFERMEDADES CRÓNICAS MONITOREADAS POR LA ESTRATEGIA DE SALUD FAMILIARObjetivo: Describir la calidad de vida de las personas mayores con enfermedades crónicas monitoreadas por la Estrategia de Salud Familiar. Método: Estudio descriptivo y transversal, realizado con 90 personas mayores monitoreadas por equipos de salud en la ciudad de Ceará, Brasil, entre octubre y noviembre de 2017. Los datos fueron recolectados en los hogares de ancianos utilizando un cuestionario de perfil social y de salud e instrumentos validados en calidad de vida de los ancianos, WHOQOL-BREF y WHOQOL-OLD. Para el análisis de datos, se utiliza estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Una autoevaluación promedio de calidad de vida de 48.75. Hubo un puntaje más alto en el dominio de las relaciones sociales (57.98) y un puntaje más bajo en el dominio del medio ambiente (45.45) donde las facetas que señalaron el mayor daño a la calidad de vida de los ancianos fueron los recursos financieros (35.00) y recreación y ocio (26.07). El dominio de la intimidad utilizó el puntaje más alto (53.04) y el dominio del puntaje más bajo de las actividades pasadas, presentes y futuras (37.23) por WHOQOL-OLD. Conclusión: Las personas mayores con enfermedades crónicas alcanzaron niveles promedio de calidad de vida, con relaciones sociales y dominios de intimidad que presentan niveles más satisfactorios, que necesitan mejorar aspectos relacionados con la atención médica y las prácticas de uso. Descriptores: Calidad de Vida; Anciano; Enfermedad Crónica.  


Author(s):  
Dimitrios Papagiannis ◽  
Georgios Rachiotis ◽  
Anargiros Mariolis ◽  
Efterpi Zafiriou ◽  
Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis

Vaccines are important for older adults, and the morbidity and mortality of vaccine-preventable diseases among older adults are high. There are limited data on vaccination coverage among elderly people in Greece. The aim of this observational study was to record the vaccination coverage for vaccines recommended by the National Vaccination Program in Greece for the elderly people ≥60 years old. Two hundred general practitioners (GPs) around the country from the primary healthcare system were invited to “participate,” and one hundred fifty from them participated in the present study. The GPs were selected using geographically stratified random sampling methodology. Two thousand and seventy-two participants participated in the present study: of which, 1043 were males and 1029 were females. The mean age of the participants was 73.3 years, and 83% vaccination coverage for flu vaccine, 49.5% for conjugate pneumococcal vaccine, and 23.5% for polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine were recorded. In addition, the vaccination coverage for herpes zoster vaccine was 20%, while very low percentages were recorded for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and polio vaccine for adults. We found significant gaps in vaccination coverage, especially with regard to pneumococcal, herpes zoster, and tetanus. On the contrary, influenza vaccination coverage was satisfactory.


2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Rodrigues ◽  
Maria João Gregório ◽  
Rute Dinis Sousa ◽  
Sara S Dias ◽  
Maria José Santos ◽  
...  

Introduction: Portuguese adults have a long lifespan, but it is unclear whether they live a healthy life in their final years. We aimed to determine the prevalence of multimorbidity and characterize lifestyle and other health outcomes among older Portuguese adults.Material and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional evaluation of 2393 adults, aged 65 and older, during the second wave of follow-up of the EpiDoC cohort, a population-based study involving long-term follow-up of a representative sample of the Portuguese population. Subjects completed a structured questionnaire during a telephone interview. Socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle behaviours, chronic diseases, and health resources consumption were assessed. Cluster analysis was done to identify dietary patterns. Descriptive and analytic analysis was performed to estimate multimorbidity prevalence and its associated factors.Results: Multimorbidity prevalence among older adults was 78.3%, increased with age strata (72.8% for 65 – 69 years to 83.4% for ≥ 80 years), and was highest in Azores (84.9%) and Alentejo (83.6%). The most common chronic diseases were hypertension (57.3%), rheumatic disease (51.9%), hypercholesterolemia (49.4%), and diabetes (22.7%). Depression symptoms were frequent (11.8%) and highest in the oldest strata. The mean health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-3L) score was 0.59 ± 0.38. Hospitalization in the previous 12 months was reported by 25.8% of individuals. Overall, 66.6% of older adults were physically inactive. ‘Fruit and vegetables dietary pattern’ was followed by 85.4% of individuals; however, regional inequalities were found (69% in Azores). Obesity prevalence was 22.3% overall and was highest among Azoreans (33%).Conclusion: The high prevalence of multimorbidity, combined with unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, suggests that the elderly populationconstitutes a vulnerable group warranting dedicated intervention.


e-CliniC ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Mongisidi ◽  
Rizal Tumewah ◽  
Mieke A. H. N. Kembuan

Background: The cognitive impairment in elderly people is the major cause of the inability to execute the daily activity and of the major reason of the happening of care-dependence. There has not been any research about the profile of cognitive functions impairment in the District of Kawangkoan. Thus, the purpose of this research was to obtain the profile of cognitive functions impairment in the District of Kawangkoan. Methods: This was a descriptive survey with the design of cross-sectional study, which rolls out, the results of MMSE, TMT A, TMT B and CDT; the age, sex, education, occupations, family history of cognitive decline, marital status, the number of children, and the history of stroke and DM, and also the smoking profile of the participants. The subjects of this research were the elderly people that were the members of the old people foundations in the District of Kawangkoan. Results: There were 61 participants of this research, consisting of four males (6.6%) and 57 (94.4%) females participants. The result of this research shows that the MMSE scores were mostly normal (72.1%), the TMT A and the TMT B scores were both mostly abnormal (95.1% and the latter 72.1%), the CDT scores mostly normal (67.2%). In all these three instruments have the absolute result that was, the elderly people with older age has more numbers of participants with cognitive functions impairment than the younger age. The result also shows that the group of subjects with higher education has less numbers of cognitive decline subjects than the group of subjects with lower education. The subjects that had a former occupation as a teacher have the normal cognitive functions as the results of all the tests. Subjects that were married and have children, and do not have a history of stroke, DM and smoking got the score of normal cognitive functions. Conclusions: The cognitive functions of elderly people based on the MMSE and CDT scores, show that most of them have a normal cognitive functions where as the result of the TMT part A and the TMT part B show the opposite result that is most of the participants have an abnormal score. Key words: Cognitive functions impairment – Elderly peopleLatar Belakang: Penurunan fungsi kognitif pada lansia merupakan penyebab terbesar terjadinya ketidakmampuan dalam melakukan aktifitas normal sehari-hari, dan juga merupakan alasan tersering yang menyebabkan terjadinya ketergantungan terhadap orang lain untuk merawat diri sendiri. Belum pernah ada penelitian tentang profil penurunan fungsi kogntif di Kec. Kawangkoan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil penurunan fungsi kognitif pada lansia di Kecamatan Kawangkoan. Metode: Penelitian survey deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang, yang memaparkan data hasil pemeriksaan MMSE, TMT A, TMT B, CDT, umur, jenis kelamin; riwayat pendidikan, pekerjaan, keluarga dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif, status pernikahan dan jumlah anak, riwayat penyakit stroke, diabetes mellitus dan merokok. Subjek penelitian adalah para lansia yang menjadi anggota dari yayasan-yayasan manula yang ada di Kec. Kawangkoan. Hasil: Terdapat 61 sampel dari total 65 subjek penelitian. Sampel terdiri dari 4 orang berjenis kelamin laki-laki (6.6%) dan 57 perempuan (94.4%). Penelitian menunjukkan hasil pemeriksaan MMSE menunjukkan 72.1% normal, TMT A 95.1% tidak normal, pemeriksaan TMT B 72.1% tidak normal dan CDT67.2% normal. Pada hasil pemeriksaan ditemukan hasil absolut pada ketiga jenis pemeriksaan ini yaitu lebih banyak terdapat penurunan fungsi kognitif pada lansia dengan umur yang lebih tua. Profil fungsi kognitif berdasarkan riwayat pendidikan menunjukkan bahwa sampel dengan pendidikan kurang dari sembilan tahun sebagian besar mengalami penurunan fungsi kogntif. Riwayat pekerjaan guru seluruhnya memiliki hasil fungsi kognitif yang normal sedangkan sampel yang riwayat pekerjaannya petani lebih banyak mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif. Sampel yang tidak menikah dan tidak memiliki anak memiliki hasil penurunan fungsi kognitif yang dominan daripada yang menikah dan memiliki anak. Pada hasil ditemukan bahwa sampel yang memiliki riwayat stroke, DM dan merokok positif memiliki hasil penurunan fungsi kognitif yang dominan disbanding yang tidak memiliki riwayat stroke, DM dan merokok. Kesimpulan: Hasil pemeriksaan fungsi kognitif berdasarkan pemeriksaan MMSE dan CDT menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar lansia masih memiliki fungsi kogntif yang normal sedangkan pada TMT A dan TMT B ditemukan hasil sebaliknya di mana ditemukan hasil sebagian besar mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif. Kata Kunci: Penurunan fungsi kognitif – Lansia


2020 ◽  

Background: Falling and chronic diseases are important health issues in elderly people and reduce the quality of life. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between chronic diseases and falling in the elderly people. Methods: This cross-sectional study came from the first phase of Amirkola Health and Ageing Project (AHAP) that has been done on all elderly people aged 60 and over in Amirkola city in northern part of Iran. Demographic information including chronic diseases were gathered through self-report, observation of prescriptions and consumed drugs by patients and prevalence of falling during 12 months ago was obtained through information form and interview with elderly people. Results: In this study, 883 men(54.6%) and 733 women(45.3%) were investigated. The average age of individuals was 69.37±7.42 (in men 70±7.7 and in women 69.7±7.00). In this study, 288(17.8%) of eldely people had the experience of falling in the last 12 months. The prevalence of falling was higher in elderly women(P<0.001) and the elderly who lived alone(P=0.01). The prevalence of falling in the elderly had a significant relationship with diseases of osteoporosis(P<0.001), myocardial infarction(P=0.03), fractures(P<0.001), cognitive impairment(P=0.001), headache(P=0.002). In addition, the results of logistic regression showed that the prevalence of falling was related to urinary incontinence(P=0.02), fracture history(P=0.001), hearing loss(P=0.006), and depressive symptoms(P=0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate a significant prevalence of falling and its direct relation with some chronic diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to ask some questions and care about each referring of the elderly to the health centers.


Salmand ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-217
Author(s):  
Saeid Saeidimehr ◽  
◽  
Ahmad Delbari ◽  
Nasibeh Zanjari ◽  
Reza Fadaye Vatan ◽  
...  

Objectives: Frailty syndrome is one of the most important geriatric syndromes that imposes high psychological and financial costs on the elderly, their families and health system. This study aims to determine the factors associated with frailty in older adults living in Khuzestan province of Iran Methods & Materials: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 on 540 older adults in Khuzestan province who were selected by a multistage random sampling method. Data collection tools include a demographic form, Deficit accumulation Frailty Index, Wax’s Social Support Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale. Collected data were analyzed using Spearman correlation test, chi-square test and sequential logistic regression analysis. Results: The Mean±SD age of participants was 72.61±8.72 years and 65.6% were women. Around 10.4% were frail and 25.6% were pre-frail. Frailty was higher among older women with higher age, lower education, without social support, with depression, living alone, single, with a history of taking high number of medications, and with a history of hospitalization (P<0.001). Frailty was lower in older men with lower age, a history of taking less than 5 medications, no depression, and high social support (P<0.005). Conclusion: The consequences of frailty syndrome can be reduced by early identification of frail older adults and using appropriate interventions based on risk factors such as polypharmacy and low social support.


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