scholarly journals PREVALLENCE OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS (URINARY BILHARZIA) INSINAZONGWE DISTRICT

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munsaka Siankuku
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Private School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Urinary Schistosomiasis ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Bulinus Globosus

Purpose of study: This study investigated the prevalence of Urinary Schistosomiasis in Zambia’s Sinazongwe district. Methodology: Three primary schools in Sinazongwe district were sampled by convenient sampling and these were: Mwezya primary, Sinakasikili primary and Maamba private. 542 urine samples were collected from pupils examined in the laboratory at Maamba Hospital. Snail survey was carried out along 3 streams that are near the selected schools; Siamaambo stream which is near Mwezya primary school, Kanzinze stream which is near Sinakasikili primary school and another stream also called Kanzinze which is near Maamba private school. Findings: Study revealed that schistosomiasis is still highly existent in the district despite the ongoing administration of praziquantel; nonetheless, most of the infections are of low intensity and more males were infected than females. From the snail survey, Bulinus globosus the intermediate host for Schistosoma haematobium was found to be among the several snail species in Siamaambo stream and released cercaria when exposed to a light source, therefore they were infected and were/are the source of the bilharzia infection in Mwezya (Mwezya primary school). Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: From results obtained, it can be seen that despite the administration of praziquantel to school going children, schistosomiasis will still be a problem in Sinazongwe district because the source of infection is not dealt with; as a result, there is continuous re-infection of the treated and untreated children. Therefore, comprehensive control by chemotherapy and snail control to eradicate the disease or at least lower the prevalence is recommended; and health officials that are involved in the administration of praziquantel should make follow-ups time-to-time after drug administration to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic program. Health education and provision of tap water is also recommended in this area to reduce frequent contact with contaminated water in streams.

Comparison of Socio-economic and Health Status in Rural Primary School Students: A Case of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Md. Abdullah Al Farooq ◽  
Mohammad Nazmul Haq ◽  
Tania Tajreen ◽  
Md. Minhajuddin Sajid ◽  
Tanvir Kabir Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Public School ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Private School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
Health Related

Objective: Although Bangladesh is rapidly gaining economic development, education and health related indices are not equally developed in all parts of the country. The objective of the study was to compare the socio-economic and health status of students in public and private primary schools. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 99 public and 128 private primary school children during 2018. Two public and two private primary schools were selected purposively from 2 villages of Chandpur. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: public primary school students and private primary school students. During a ‘free health check-up and treatment program’, guardians were asked to participate in the study. After taking informed written consent, students and guardians were asked about demographic, socioeconomic (such as, education, occupation, monthly income), and health related factors (such as, antenatal checkup, mode of delivery, immunization, deworming); then, anthropometric measurements (height, weight) and physical examinations of the children were done. Comparison was done between groups. Results: On socioeconomic status, monthly family income was more and paternal education was higher in private-school students than the public-school students. On health indices, antenatal care (ANC), Caesarian section (CS), living standard, use of sanitary latrine, and nutritional status of private school students were significantly better than public-school students. However, Public school students had higher deworming rate. Conclusion: Students in private schools had better socio-economic and health status in Bangladesh. Health-related indices are comparable to national parameters. It is recommended that socio-economic and education status needs further improvements for sustainable health and well-being.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Multimedia Use of Primary Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 2535-2544
Author(s):  
Hendra Nelva Saputra ◽  
Salim Salim
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Private School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Multimedia Learning ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
School Accreditation

Multimedia in learning could make the learning atmosphere more attractive for student attention and student interactions. The objectives of this research were: (1) describe the use of multimedia learning by elementary school teachers in Kendari City; (2) analyze the comparison of the use of multimedia learning in terms of school accreditation by the teacher at elementary school in Kendari City; (3) analyze aspects of obstacles in the use of multimedia learning for elementary school teachers in Kendari City. This research used mixed methods with a sequential exploratory strategy held at the Kendari City Elementary School. The school sample was determined using the random cluster sampling technique selecting 3 schools from 11 sub-districts. Each sub-district took 2 accredited A and non-A public schools and 1 accredited private school so that the total respondents were 66 people. Research data was collected through observation forms and interviews. The results of this research showed that: (1) multimedia learning use by primary school teachers in Kendari City was still good; (2) there was a meaningful comparison of the use of multimedia learning by elementary school teachers in Kendari City in terms of school accreditation; (3) aspects of barriers to the use of multimedia learning by primary school teachers in Kendari City include: (a) teachers 'lack competence in IT, (b) teachers' misconceptions about learning multimedia, (c) the lack of support structures and infrastructures, (d)) the lack of training on multimedia learning means, (e) the lack of involvement of the educational software used by teachers to support learning activities.

scholarly journals To Explore the Causes of Absenteeism at Government and Private Primary Schools: A Case Study from Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Nadeem Iqbal ◽  
Shamsheer Muhammad ◽  
Najeeb Haider
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Private School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Government School ◽  
The Government

The main purpose of the research was to evaluate the various causes of absenteeism in Government and Private school teachers in primary school Tehsil Jampur District Rajanpur (Punjab) Pakistan. 100 teachers were selected for sample. Half from government and half from private sector. In other word 50 teachers were from Government Schools and 50 were from Private School Sector. In this survey, research tool was used a questionnaire. We found out percentage for the scrutiny of information. In this scrutiny we see that Private School Teachers enjoy less leaves than Government School Teachers. Professional safety, relaxed manners of Head of Institute, various family functions, problems of conveyance and sickness are the major causes of absenteeism of the Government School Teachers. Whereas, Private School Teachers get less leaves because they believe their profession is insecure and they are less satisfied with their profession and functioning surroundings.

scholarly journals Status and Risk Factors Associated with Urinary Schistosomiasis among the Primary School Children in Some Communities of Shinkafi Local Government Area, Zamfara State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
A. Y. Bala ◽  
Salau Shafa’ Atu ◽  
H. M. Bandya ◽  
Mahmuda Aliyu ◽  
J. Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Urinary Schistosomiasis ◽  
Factors Associated

Urinary schistosomiasis among the primary school children remain among the major public health problems that affect cognitive domain of the pupils.  The present research was conducted to investigate the status and risk factors associated with urinary schistosomiasis among the community primary schools children in Shinkafi local government area of Zamfara State Nigeria. Four risk factors (Haematuria, source of water for domestic used, river visit and purpose of river visit) were considered to be associated with urinary schistosomiasis infection in the study area; four community primary schools were selected, 400 pupils were recruited for this study, each selected student was asked to produce terminal end urine in a screw cap universal sample bottle, the samples were analyzed with combi_10 reagent strips and then examined microscopically after filtration to count the number of Schistosoma eggs/10 mils of urine. One hundred and seventy three 173 pupils were found positive which gave the prevalence of 43.1%, higher significant infections was observed among the pupils that are using river (70.0%) as their source of drinking water; those that visit river (52.5%) and those that said fishing is their purpose of river visit (70.6%). The infection was not significant with regard to presence of haematuria in the urine samples. Pupils who used river as their source of drinking water had more than 2x likelihood of been infected than those that used other source of drinking water, those that visit rivers had more than 14x likelihood of having infection than those whose did not visit river, pupils who visited the river for fishing are 22.60 times likelihood of developing the infection than the pupils who visited the river for some other reasons. Conclusively, source of drinking water, river visit and purpose of river visits are the potential risk factor that increased likelihood of higher infection among the pupils in the study area.

Urinary schistosomiasis among primary school pupils in selected communities of Abua/Odual Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
K. Elele ◽  
E. Karibi ◽  
L.B. Gboeloh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Urinary Schistosomiasis ◽  
Primary School Pupils ◽  
Rivers State

The aim of the study was to determine urinary schistosomiasis in primary school pupils in some selected communities in Abua/Odual Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria, the risk factors of schistosomiasis with the view of suggesting control measures suitable to reduce infectivity and morbidity. Urine samples were collected and investigated using centrifugation and sedimentation techniques for the presence ofS. heamatobium eggs. Also, the urine was examined using the chemical reagent strip, Medi-test Combi-9 for the presence of haematuria and proteinuria in the urine. Of 140 urine samples collected and examined, haematuria and proteinuria shows prevalence of 61 (43.6%) and 94 (67.1%) respectively, and an overall prevalence of S. haematobium infection of 25% was recorded. Males (51.9%) had higher infection rate than females (17.4%). Children within age 10-13 years had the highest occurrence (55.4%), due to frequent visit in the water bodies to swim, paddle, play in the mud, fish, wash, fetch water from the infected water while the least was recorded among children within age 3-5 seen as infant whose parents restrict from visiting the river often. Emago-Kugbo recorded the highest infection with (32.3%), but the least was recorded in Akani-Kugbo with (15%). Statistical analysis showed that the infection varied significantly among sexes, age at p>0.05, community infection was equally significant at 0.05. The result of this study has shown the presence of urinary schistosomiasis in the Kugbo Clan, though prevalence was below 50%. The childrenhave no knowledge about schistosomiasis infection in the area. Also the presence of snail species especially the Bulinus globosus and increase contact with fresh water were taught to be responsible for the occurrence of the infection in the Kugbo Area. The results show that the communities around the Kugbo Clan are prevalent with schistosomiasis and that there is immediate attention for mass drug distribution of praziquantel and public health education in curbing the disease in the study-area. Keywords: Urinary schistosomiasis; primary school pupils; Abua/Odual LGA; Rivers State; Nigeria.

Leadership and competition in the age of public and private school markets

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Julia Reimann ◽  
Judith Schwarz ◽  
Thomas Koinzer
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Private School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Leaders ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Competitive Situation ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Good Reputation

PurposeThe article deals with competition between primary schools in Berlin. The focus is on the perception of competition and the process of student selection – despite school law restrictions for primary state schools. The aim is to find out whether and in what way primary school leaders perceive a competitive situation and how they act in view of second-order competition.Design/methodology/approachBerlin primary school leaders' statements were analyzed, which were collected and evaluated using quantitative and qualitative methods.FindingsResults show that schools with a good reputation are more likely to benefit from competition because a good reputation may increase the demand for spots at that school and may enable the school to select “desirable” students. State school leaders are more limited in their actions, while private school principals are more autonomous and are better able to make a match between a school's orientation and families' ideas.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited by its small sample size, yet it provides a basis for further research and gives much needed attention to selection processes at primary schools in Germany.Originality/valueThis is one of a few studies looking at the perspectives of primary school leaders regarding the competitive situation and in particular the selection of students.

Time-Based Prospective Memory in Schoolchildren

2011 ◽  
Vol 219 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babett Voigt ◽  
Ingo Aberle ◽  
Judith Schönfeld ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Strategic Monitoring ◽  
Primary School Age

The present study examined age differences in time-based prospective memory (TBPM) in primary school age children and tested the role of self-initiated memory retrieval and strategic time monitoring (TM) as possible developmental mechanisms. Fifty-four children were recruited from local primary schools (27 younger children, mean age = 7.2 ± 0.55 years, and 27 older children, mean age = 9.61 ± 0.71 years). The task was a driving game scenario in which children had to drive a vehicle (ongoing task) and to remember to refuel before the vehicle runs out of gas (TBPM task, i.e., the fuel gauge served as child-appropriate time equivalent). Fuel gauge was either displayed permanently (low level of self-initiation) or could only be viewed on demand by hitting a button (high level of self-initiation). The results revealed age-dependent TBPM differences with better performance in older children. In contrast, level of self-initiated memory retrieval did not affect TBPM performance. However, strategies of TM influenced TBPM, as more frequent time checking was related to better performance. Patterns of time checking frequency differed according to children’s age and course of the game, suggesting difficulties in maintaining initial strategic TM in younger children. Taken together, the study revealed ongoing development of TBPM across primary school age. Observed age differences seemed to be associated with the ability to maintain strategic monitoring.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SCHOOL REFUSAL BEHAVIOUR IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
School Refusal ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Factors ◽  
School Refusal Behavior ◽  
Factors Associated

The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with school refusal behavior in primary school students. Student’s self-report and teacher’s measures were implemented; and students were recruited from 20 primary schools in six districts in Selangor, Malaysia. The survey was conducted at the end of school term in 2016, with a total of 915 students from Year 4 and Year 5 participating. The sample of students had been absent from school for more than 15% of school days in the current year. Pearson correlation shows a significant relationship between academic achievement and school satisfaction toward school refusal behavior. The findings of this study suggest that academic difficulties and dissatisfaction towards school environment could be the important risk factors for school refusal behavior. The present study underscores the importance of early detection and intervention as measures to reduce school refusal. Finally, the findings imply that the role of school factors should always be taken into account in connection with school refusal behaviour.

DEVELOPMENT OF MACAMI (MARI MEMBACA DAN MEMAHAMI) INSTRUMENT USING MACROMEDIA FLASH 8 IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Ermaida Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
School Students ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Comprehension Ability ◽  
Feasibility Test

The background of this research is an instrument of learning for reading comprehension which in general is still dominated by an instrument in the form of print out which makes the students’ interest to read is reduced. In addition, this instrument is usually done manually or handwritten so that the students’ work must be corrected manually and require some time to get the results. This study aims to develop instruments or measuring devices for reading comprehension in the Primary School in Pekanbaru and find out the feasibility of measuring devices for reading comprehension skills. This product is Macromedia Flash 8 based namely "MaCaMi" which stands forMari Membaca dan Memahami. The research method used was the 4D model with four stages, such as the define stage, the design phase, the develop phase, and the dessiminate stage which is limited to the third stage. The data of this study were obtained from product design expert validation questionnaire, questionnaire validated by linguists, teacher response questionnaire and students response questionnaire. The data were generated quantitatively and analyzed by using the assessment criteria to determine the product quality. The results of this study showed the assessment of product design experts in draft 1 had an average percentage of 69.61% with the appropriate category then had increased in draft 2 to 90.56% with the very feasible category. The results of  the feasibility test by linguists in draft 1 with had average percentage of 95.30% with the very feasible category then increased in draft 2 to 97.20% withn the very feasible category. The results of the teacher's response to the reading comprehension measuring instrument in the Primary School in Pekanbaru developed by researchers obtained an average percentage of 93.50% with a very good category and the results of students' responses to the measuring instrument obtained an average percentage of 89.90% with a category very good. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the product developed by researchers is feasible to be used as a measure of reading comprehension ability of primary school students.

MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DENGAN BERBANTUAN KEGIATAN WORKSHOP DALAM MENYUSUN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN DI SUNGAI MAJO KECAMATAN KUBU

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Sulmi Sulmi
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Average Value

This research was motivated by the weakness of teachers in compiling learning devices in the Primary school of Sungai Majo and Teluk Nilap, Kubu Babussalam District, Rokan Hilir Regency. The purpose of this study is to improve the ability of teachers to develop learning tools in Primary schools. The purpose of this study is to improve the ability of teachers to develop learning tools in Primary schools. The action to be taken is to provide a workshop on the formulation of learning devices in Primary schools. The results of the study show, in the assessment of the first cycle syllabus, The average value obtained by the Sungai Majo Elementary School 006 teacher is 67 with sufficient categories. While teachers at Elementary School 002 Teluk Nilap get an average score of 69 in the good category. cycle II, the average syllabus for teachers in Sungai Majo Primary School 006 was 89 with very good categories. While the teachers of Elementary School 002 in the Teluk Nilap amounted to 90 with very good categories. Whereas the assessment in the RPP of the first cycle, teachers in Elementary School 006 Sungai Majo and SDN 002 Teluk Nilap received the same score, which amounted to 67.14 with sufficient categories. After the second cycle, Sungai Majo Primary School 006 got an average score of 90 with a very good category, while the teachers of Elementary School 002 Teluk Nilap scored 91.42 with a very good category. With the results of this study, it can be concluded that with the help of workshops, it can improve the ability of teachers to develop learning tools in the Sungai Majo and Teluk Nilap, Kubu Babussalam District, Rokan Hilir Regency. 

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