De impact van de Covid-19-epidemie op het aandeel diagnoses van metastatische ziekte van de meest frequente kankers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MIGNON ◽  
C. VERVOORT ◽  
S. VANDE VELDE ◽  
M. SIMOENS ◽  
A. MAKAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Registration Period ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tremendous Impact

The impact of the Covid-19 epidemic on the proportion of distant metastatic cancer diagnoses of the most frequent cancer types The Covid-19 epidemic had a tremendous impact on the Belgian health care system in March and April 2020 with non-urgent procedures and examinations being postponed and screening programs coming to a halt. This might have delayed cancer diagnosis. In this article the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic on the proportion of metastatic cancer diagnoses of the most frequent cancer types was examined. The data of the cancer registry of the Ziekenhuisnetwerk Antwerpen (ZNA) from March until August in the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 were retrospectively analysed. The studied cancer types were invasive breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer and prostate cancer. There is no relation between the time of diagnosis and the extent of disease. The ratio of metastatic and localised disease did not differ between the studied time periods. However, there is a reduction in the number of diagnosis for breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer, compared with the same period in 2019. This reduction was most pronounced in prostate cancer with a relative reduction of 23%. For now, there does not seem to be a major impact of Covid-19 related restriction measures on the proportion of diagnosis of metastatic cancers in the defined registration period at Ziekenhuisnetwerk Antwerpen. However, further research is necessary to evaluate if the reduced number of diagnoses will lead to an increase in belated diagnoses.

Thromboembolic events in hospitalized cancer patients: Impact on stay duration and cost for four major cancer localizations.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (29_suppl) ◽  
pp. 186-186
Author(s):  
Florian Scotte ◽  
Alexandre Vainchtock ◽  
Nicolas Martelli ◽  
Isabelle Borget
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Events ◽  
The Impact

186 Background: Cancer patients represent an at-risk population for Venous Thromboembolic Events (VTE). Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of VTE on the length and cost of hospital stay in French patients hospitalized for breast cancer (BC), colon cancer (CC), lung cancer (LC) or prostate cancer (PC). Methods: The French national hospital database (PMSI) and the disease-specific ICD-10 codes were used to identify BC, CC, LC or PC patients diagnosed in 2010 who were hospitalized with a VTE during the following two years. We selected stays during which a VTE occurred but was not the main reason of hospitalization (cancer was classified as primary/related diagnosis and VTE as significant associated diagnosis). Those stays were matched and compared to similar stays (same cancer and same reason for hospitalization) without VTE. Costs were calculated using the French official tariffs, from the perspective of the third-party payer. Results: We identified 214 stays for breast cancer during which a VTE occurred and was classified as significant associated diagnosis, 843 stays for colon cancer, 1301 for lung cancer, and 126 for prostate cancer. The comparison between those stays and similar stays without VTE showed significant increase of hospital stay duration in patients experiencing VTE. Median duration rose from 4 to 7 days in BC patients, from 8 to 16 days in CC, from 2 to 9 days in LC and from 6 to 10 days in PC. Consequently, the median expenditure per stay increased by 37% in BC patients with VTE (up to € 5,518), by 61% in CC (up to € 9,878), by 202% in LC (up to € 7,308) and by 22% in PC (up to € 6,200). Conclusions: When occurring during hospitalization, VTE made cancer management much heavier: patients faced prolonged hospital stays whereas healthcare system faced significant additional cost. Better prevention and follow-up measures could reduce this burden, and benefit both patients and hospitals. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Gender-specific aspects of epidemiology, molecular genetics and outcome: lung cancer

ESMO Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (Suppl 4) ◽  
pp. e000796
Author(s):  
Nuria Mederos ◽  
Alex Friedlaender ◽  
Solange Peters ◽  
Alfredo Addeo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Sex And Gender Differences

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide in women and men. In incidence, lung cancer ranks second, surpassed by breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. However, the historical differences in mortality and incidence rate between both sexes have changed in the last years. In the last decades, we have also witnessed an increased number of lung cancer in female never-smokers. These disparities have grown our interest in studying the impact of the gender and sex in the presentation of lung cancer. The aetiology is yet to be fully elucidated, but the data are clear so far: there is a growing divide between lung cancer presentation in women and men that will change our management and study of lung cancer. This article aims to review the sex and gender differences in lung cancer.

scholarly journals Impact of artificial intelligence support on accuracy and reading time in breast tomosynthesis image interpretation: a multi-reader multi-case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne L. van Winkel ◽  
Alejandro Rodríguez-Ruiz ◽  
Linda Appelman ◽  
Albert Gubern-Mérida ◽  
Nico Karssemeijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Support System ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis ◽  
Breast Tomosynthesis ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) increases sensitivity of mammography and is increasingly implemented in breast cancer screening. However, the large volume of images increases the risk of reading errors and reading time. This study aims to investigate whether the accuracy of breast radiologists reading wide-angle DBT increases with the aid of an artificial intelligence (AI) support system. Also, the impact on reading time was assessed and the stand-alone performance of the AI system in the detection of malignancies was compared to the average radiologist. Methods A multi-reader multi-case study was performed with 240 bilateral DBT exams (71 breasts with cancer lesions, 70 breasts with benign findings, 339 normal breasts). Exams were interpreted by 18 radiologists, with and without AI support, providing cancer suspicion scores per breast. Using AI support, radiologists were shown examination-based and region-based cancer likelihood scores. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and reading time per exam were compared between reading conditions using mixed-models analysis of variance. Results On average, the AUC was higher using AI support (0.863 vs 0.833; p = 0.0025). Using AI support, reading time per DBT exam was reduced (p < 0.001) from 41 (95% CI = 39–42 s) to 36 s (95% CI = 35– 37 s). The AUC of the stand-alone AI system was non-inferior to the AUC of the average radiologist (+0.007, p = 0.8115). Conclusions Radiologists improved their cancer detection and reduced reading time when evaluating DBT examinations using an AI reading support system. Key Points • Radiologists improved their cancer detection accuracy in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) when using an AI system for support, while simultaneously reducing reading time. • The stand-alone breast cancer detection performance of an AI system is non-inferior to the average performance of radiologists for reading digital breast tomosynthesis exams. • The use of an AI support system could make advanced and more reliable imaging techniques more accessible and could allow for more cost-effective breast screening programs with DBT.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stage at diagnosis of breast and colorectal cancers.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6501-6501
Author(s):  
Jade Zhou ◽  
Shelly Kane ◽  
Celia Ramsey ◽  
Melody Ann Akhondzadeh ◽  
Ananya Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Stage Distribution ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Impact

6501 Background: Effective cancer screening leads to a substantial increase in the detection of earlier stages of cancer, while decreasing the incidence of later stage cancer diagnoses. Timely screening programs are critical in reducing cancer-related mortality in both breast and colorectal cancer by detecting tumors at an early, curable stage. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the postponement or cancellation of many screening procedures, due to both patient fears of exposures within the healthcare system as well as the cancellation of some elective procedures. We sought to identify how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the incidence of early and late stage breast and colorectal cancer diagnoses at our institution. Methods: We examined staging for all patients presenting to UCSD at first presentation for a new diagnosis of malignancy or second opinion in 2019 and 2020. Treating clinicians determined the stage at presentation for all patients using an AJCC staging module (8th edition) in the electronic medical record (Epic). We compared stage distribution at presentation in 2019 vs 2020, both for cancers overall and for colorectal and breast cancer, because these cancers are frequently detected by screening. Results: Total numbers of new patient visits for malignancy were similar in 2019 and 2020 (1894 vs 1915 pts), and stage distribution for all cancer patients was similar (stage I 32% in 2019 vs 29% in 2020; stage IV 26% in both 2019 and 2020). For patients with breast cancer, we saw a lower number of patients presenting with stage I disease (64% in 2019 vs 51% in 2020) and a higher number presenting with stage IV (2% vs 6%). Similar findings were seen in colorectal cancer (stage I: 22% vs 16%; stage IV: 6% vs 18%). Conclusions: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in incidence of late stage presentation of colorectal and breast cancer, corresponding with a decrease in early stage presentation of these cancers at our institution. Cancer screening is integral to cancer prevention and control, specifically in colorectal and breast cancers which are often detected by screening, and the disruption of screening services has had a significant impact on our patients. We plan to continue following these numbers closely, and will present data from the first half of 2021 as it becomes available.

scholarly journals Anticancer Applications and Pharmacological Properties of Piperidine and Piperine: A Comprehensive Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sicon Mitra ◽  
Uttpal Anand ◽  
Niraj Kumar Jha ◽  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat ◽  
Suchismita Chatterjee Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Molecular Formula ◽  
Cycle Arrest

Piperine and piperidine are the two major alkaloids extracted from black pepper (Piper nigrum); piperidine is a heterocyclic moiety that has the molecular formula (CH2)5NH. Over the years, many therapeutic properties including anticancer potential of these two compounds have been observed. Piperine has therapeutic potential against cancers such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, gliomal cancer, lung cancer, oral squamous, chronic pancreatitis, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, cervical cancer, and leukemia. Whereas, piperidine acts as a potential clinical agent against cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, and ovarian cancer, when treated alone or in combination with some novel drugs. Several crucial signalling pathways essential for the establishment of cancers such as STAT-3, NF-κB, PI3k/Aκt, JNK/p38-MAPK, TGF-ß/SMAD, Smac/DIABLO, p-IκB etc., are regulated by these two phytochemicals. Both of these phytochemicals lead to inhibition of cell migration and help in cell cycle arrest to inhibit survivability of cancer cells. The current review highlights the pharmaceutical relevance of both piperine and piperidine against different types of cancers.

Indole based prostate cancer agents

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Madhuri T. Patil ◽  
Deepak B. Salunke
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Indole Derivatives ◽  
Cancer Chemotherapeutics ◽  
Privileged Structure

Abstract Cancer weakens the immune system which fails to fight against the rapidly growing cells. Among the various types of cancers, prostate cancer (PCa) is causing greater number of deaths in men after lung cancer, demanding advancement to prevent, detect and treat PCa. Several small molecule heterocycles and few peptides are being used as oncological drugs targeting PCa. Heterocycles are playing crucial role in the development of novel cancer chemotherapeutics as well as immunotherapeutics. Indole skeleton, being a privileged structure has been extensively used for the discovery of novel anticancer agents and the application of indole derivatives against breast cancer is well documented. The present article highlights the usefulness of indole linked heterocyclic compounds as well as the fused indole derivatives against prostate cancer.

The changing face of cancer in the elderly—Only a demographic change?

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 18597-18597
Author(s):  
Y. Rottenberg ◽  
T. Peretz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Two Age Groups

18597 Background: In industrial countries, the cancer burden of the elderly is high and is increased. One reason is longer life expectancy. Increasing age standardized rates of cancer in this age group compared to younger groups may also explain this phenomenon. Methods: Two age groups were examined, above and below 65 years. Each age group was further divided into men and women. The age standardized rates for all cancers combined among the Jewish population in Israel were identified through the Israel Cancer Registry during the years 1973–2002. In addition, lung and colorectal cancers according to sexes, prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women were examined. Results: Between the first 5 years of the study (1973–1977) and the last 5 years (1998–2002) the age standardized rates for all cancers combined were raised by about one third in the two age groups. In males, the overall change was higher in the older group (42% in men aged 65 years and older compared to 31% in men younger than 65). However, the rise in the younger group was more prominent in females (42% in women younger than 65 years compared to 33 % in women aged 65 and older). The most outstanding increase was in prostate cancer in men, but mainly in the younger group (176% in the older group and 368% in the younger group) followed by breast cancer in women, more prominent in the older group (64% in the older group and 50% in the younger group). In both sexes, more noticeable increases were noted in the older groups in colorectal cancer and in lung cancer. Between the years 1993–1997 and 1998–2002 shifts towards stabilization and even a decrease was noted in some of the cancers that were examined. In men aged 65 years and older rates for all cancers combined were decreased by 2.5%, among the specific tumors and a decrease was noted in lung cancer (6.7%) and prostate cancer (5.8%). The rates for all cancers combined among the older women were slightly decreasing (2.0%). No decrease was noted in the specific tumors in this group. Among the younger groups in both sexes, no decrease (defined >0.5%) was noted. Conclusions: These data argue against the hypothesis that the overall change in the cancer burden in the aged could be also explained by differences changes in the risk of developing cancer between these two age groups. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

BMI, long-term changes in BMI, and risk of cancer mortality in a large cohort study.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1502-1502
Author(s):  
Niloofar Taghizadeh ◽  
Judith M. Vonk ◽  
H. Marike Boezen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prostate Cancer Mortality ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Cancer Mortality Risk

1502 Background: There are indications of an association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and risk of different cancer types. There is dispute whether this association differs between males and females. Methods: We studied the association of BMI at the first survey with risk of mortality from the most common types of cancer (lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer) in a large general population-based cohort study (Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen, 1965-1990) with follow-up on mortality status until 2009. Additionally, we assessed this association based on tertiles of the annual change in BMI (defined as the difference between BMI at last survey and first survey divided by the time between last and first survey). We used 3 categories of BMI (< 25 kg/m2, 25-30 kg/m2, and ≥ 30 kg/m2) and changes in BMI (< 0.02 kg/m2/yr, 0.02-0.2 kg/m2/yr, and > 0.2 kg/m2/yr) in the analyses. The multivariate Cox regression model was adjusted for age, smoking, gender. Analyses were additionally stratified by gender and smoking. Results: Among all 8645 subjects, 1194 died due to cancer (lung cancer: 275; colorectal cancer: 134; breast cancer: 117; prostate cancer: 83). Mortality from all types of cancer was significantly increased in subjects with BMI > 30 kg/m2 (HR (95 % CI)) = 1.22 (1.00-1.48)), especially in females (1.38 (1.06-1.81)) and in never smokers (1.39 (1.02-1.90)). Prostate cancer mortality was significantly increased in males with BMI 25-30 kg/m2 (2.04 (1.90-3.83)) and > 30 kg/m2 (2.61 (1.02-6.67)). This association between prostate cancer mortality and BMI was higher in smokers. Lung cancer mortality risk was decreased in subjects with BMI 25-30 kg/m2 (0.71 (0.54-0.93)) and > 30 kg/m2 (0.82 (0.50-1.32)), especially in males, in smokers, and in smoking males. There were no significant associations between BMI and colorectal or breast cancer mortality nor between change in BMI and mortality from all analyzed types of cancer. Conclusions: We show that an increase in BMI is associated with an increased risk of mortality from all types of cancer in females and with an increased mortality risk from prostate cancer in males but with a decreased lung cancer mortality risk, especially in males. More research is needed into the biological mechanisms that link BMI to cancer.

Projection of cancer incidence and death to 2040 in the US: Impact of cancer screening and a changing demographic.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1566-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lola Rahib ◽  
Mackenzie Wehner ◽  
Lynn McCormick Matrisian ◽  
Kevin Thomas Nead
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Intrahepatic Bile Duct ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
The Us

1566 Background: Coping with the current and future burden of cancer requires an in-depth understanding of cancer incidence and death trends. As of 2020, breast, lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer are the most incident cancers, while lung, colorectal, pancreas, and breast cancer result in the most deaths. Here we integrate observed cancer statistics and trends with observed and estimated US demographic data to project cancer incidences and deaths to the year 2040. Methods: Demographic cancer-specific delay-adjusted incidence and death rates from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (2014-2016) were combined with US Census Bureau population growth projections (2016) and average annual percentage changes in incidence (2011-2015) and death (2012-2016) rates to project cancer incidences and deaths through the year 2040. We examined the 10 most incident and deadly cancers as of 2020. We utilized Joinpoint analysis to examine changes in incidence and death rates over time relative to changes in screening guidelines. Results: We predict the most incident cancers in 2040 in the US will be breast (322,000 diagnoses in 2040) and lung (182,000 diagnoses in 2040) cancer. Continuing decades long observed incident rate trends we predict that melanoma (173,000 diagnoses in 2040) will become the 3rd most common cancer while prostate cancer (63,000 diagnoses in 2040) will become the 5th most common cancer after colorectal cancer (139,000 diagnoses in 2040). Lung cancer (61,000 deaths in 2040) is predicted to continue to be the leading cause of cancer related death, with pancreas (45,000 deaths in 2040) and liver & intrahepatic bile duct (38,000 deaths in 2040) cancer surpassing colorectal cancer (34,000 deaths in 2040) to become the second and third most common causes of cancer related death, respectively. Breast cancer deaths (29,000 in 2040) are predicted to continue to decrease and become the fifth most common cause of cancer death. Joinpoint analysis of incidence and death rates supports a significant past, present, and future impact of cancer screening programs on the number of cancer diagnoses and deaths, particularly for prostate, thyroid, melanoma incidences, and lung cancer deaths. Conclusions: We demonstrate marked changes in the predicted landscape of cancer incidence and deaths by 2040. Our analysis reveals an influence of cancer screening programs on the number of cancer diagnoses and deaths in future years. These projections are important to guide future research funding allocations, healthcare planning, and health policy efforts.

Identification of kinase domain duplications across diverse cancer types in Chinese population by comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP).

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13522-e13522
Author(s):  
Baohua Wang ◽  
Ruoying Yu ◽  
Qiuxiang Ou ◽  
Hua Bao ◽  
Xue Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Target Therapy ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Genomic Profiling ◽  
Multiple Cancer ◽  
Comprehensive Genomic Profiling ◽  
Cancer Types

e13522 Background: Kinase domain duplication (KDD) has recently been recognized as oncogenic and targetable mutations in some cancers. EGFR KDD was identified as an oncogenic driver in lung cancer showing partial response to EGFR TKI. BRAF KDD was reported in diverse tumor types with clinical response to RAF-targeted therapy. We retrospectively investigated the prevalence of KDDs in multiple cancer types of a large Chinese population. Methods: 50742 unique cancer cases were analyzed by comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP). DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens (FFPEs), fresh tissue, blood or plasma samples and sequenced with gene panels targeting 400+ cancer-relevant genes. Among them, 53 cases were detected with KDD of various kinases. Results: In this Chinese cohort, KDD was identified in 0.1% of the total population across multiple cancer types including lung cancer (39), breast cancer (5), gastric cancer (3), colorectal cancer (2), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (1), unknown (3). The median age at diagnosis was 54 which was younger than the 60 yrs median age of total population. The distribution of KDDs was in EGFR(34) MET(5), JAK1(2), BRAF(2), FGFR2(2), FGFR1(1), JAK2(1), LYN(1), MAP3K1(1), RAF1(1), RET(1), AKT3(1), and CDK8(1). Thirty-one lung cancer cases were detected with EGFR-KDD, including kinase duplications of exon18-25 (22), exon17-25 (6), exon18-26 (2), exon14-26(1). Three patients with EGFR-KDD exon18-25 showed partial anti-tumor response to target therapy. MET-KDD was exclusively found in lung cancer involving the duplication of MET exon15-21 (2), exon14-17 (1), exon15-16 (1) and exon12-21 (1) while FGFR1/2-KDD was observed only in gastric cancer. Two female patients with breast cancer were detected with JAK1-KDD at age of 45 and 37, respectively. The canonical BRAF-KDD of exon 10-18 was identified in one female patient diagnosed of lung adenocarcinoma at age of 49. Frequently altered genes in patients with KDD were TP53(72%), EGFR (23%), FAT1(13%), BRCA1(10%). MCL1 amplification, a known oncogenic alteration, was identified in fifteen patients (11 EGFR-KDD,2 MET-KDD, 1 BRAF-KDD, 1 JAK2-KDD), representing the most common copy number variation observed. Conclusions: Kinase KDDs were rare but potentially oncogenic mutations in diverse cancer types with clinical outcome of EGFR-KDD to target therapy in lung cancer. Cancer-type specific KDDs were identified including MET-KDD in lung cancer, FGFR1/2-KDD in gastric cancer and JAK1-KDD in breast cancer.

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