scholarly journals Structural and morphological changes in the pancreas of rats after the introduction of a genetically modified product

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (7/S) ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Jasurbek Avozmetov

Studying histological preparations obtained from the pancreas of animals of the experimental group (GMP), pathological changes were noted. Morphologically, there was marked hypertrophy and hyperplasia in the pancreas, increased secretory activity, stagnant fullness with hemorrhage sites. While in the animals of the control group and the majority of rats of the comparison group (90%), there were no pathological deviations in the histological picture of the pancreas.

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Evgeniia A. Grigoreva ◽  
Valentina S. Gordova ◽  
Valentina E. Sergeeva ◽  
Alina T. Smorodchenko

The article presents data on the long-term effect (nine months) of a silicon compound supplied with drinking water – nonahydrate sodium metasilicate (10 mg/l in terms of silicon), on CD68-positive macrophages in the liver and spleen of laboratory rats. Changes in the morphological characteristics of this cell population were found. There was a decrease in the average cell area (in the liver of the control group of rats, the average macrophage area was 179.23±5.94 microns2, and in the group receiving silicon with drinking water – 117.04±3.35 microns2; in the spleen-136.02±3.93 microns2 and 103.44±2.8 microns2, respectively). Macrophages in the liver preparations of the experimental group of rats had a fewer processes and a darker cytoplasmic membrane. The number of macrophages in the liver per unit area was comparable, for the control group of rats it was 18.78±1.24, and for the rats that received with water with the addition of silicon – 19.41±0.75 cells. CD68+ macrophages of the red splenic pulp in laboratory rats that received silicon also underwent the following morphological changes: they were located in a denser way and had fewer processes, while the number of macrophages per unit area was 73.7±2.3 for the control group, 91.6±5.0-for the experimental group, respectively. The distance between them did not change. There was a change in the intensity of CD68 expression on the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and in the cytoplasm of liver and spleen macrophages. These changes can be interpreted as the adaptive ability of liver and spleen macrophages to silicon introduced with drinking water. Given the heterogeneity of the macrophage population in the liver and spleen, further studies using markers for different subpopulations of macrophages are needed to clarify their role in the response of tissues to silicon supplied with drinking water.


2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-408
Author(s):  
So Yeon Park ◽  
Hyeon Ok Ju

Purpose: This study aims to identify the effect of pediatric fall prevention education with leaflets and picture books on the fall-related knowledge and preventive behaviors in caregivers of inpatient children. Methods: This study is a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. It divided 62 caregivers of inpatient children aged 5 and under into an experimental group and a control group in P general hospital located in B City. Results: Fall related knowledge score in the experimental group was increased by 2 points after the intervention and the score in the comparison group was increased by 0.1 points. The difference after the intervention in fall related knowledge scores between the two groups was statistically significant (t=7.67, p<.001). The fall related prevention behavior score of the experimental group increased by 9.3 points after the intervention, and the score of the comparison group increased by 2.5 points. The difference in the scores of fall related prevention behaviors between the two groups was statistically significant (t=5.71, p<.001). Conclusion: Pediatric inpatient fall prevention education using leaflets and picture books can improve caregivers' fall-related knowledge and preventive behaviors. In turn, this can reduce children's falls in pediatric wards in general hospitals.


Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Tuazon ◽  
Grace E. Gomez

This paper is a slice of a big project exploring the transformative consciousness among college students. Drawn from Wolinsky’s (1993) notion and exemplars of quantum consciousness exercises, researchers of this study developed and validated eight modules named as the transformative consciousness exercises and established their effects on the intrapersonal and interpersonal relationship skills among college students. Using an experimental research methodology, particularly the randomized pretest- and posttest-control-group design (Fraenkel, Wallen, & Hyun, 2012), the researcher-made Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Relationship Skills Scale (IIRSS) was administered to the randomly selected 23 students in the experimental group and 21 students in the comparison group. No significant differences were found between the two groups prior to the intervention. For eight weeks, at a one-and-a-half-hour session per meeting, the experimental group underwent the transformative consciousness program while the control group underwent the self-awareness program. Results showed that there were significant differences found between the experimental and control group. Furthermore, the intrapersonal and interpersonal skills of students in the experimental group were higher than those who were in the comparison group; and such difference was significant. Thus, it could be construed that transformative consciousness exercises may have been instrumental in increasing the participants’ intrapersonal and interpersonal relationship skills. The use of these modules, for intervention and further research, is hereby recommended for those interested in transformative consciousness studies.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
V.V. Pshychenko ◽  
V.S. Cherno

Ethanol has chronobiological effects, which are associated with inhibition of melatonin synthesis and secretion and disruption of the sleep-wake cycle. Ethanol is known to cause sleep fragmentation due to frequent awakenings, prolong wakefulness, and reduce the duration of the slow sleep phase. At the same time, changes in the morphology of the pineal gland under chronic exposure to ethanol remain poorly studied. Of particular interest are changes in the basic morphometric parameters of pinealocytes, because they are a marker of the functional state of the pineal gland. The aim of the study was to morphometrically study the features of morphological changes in rat pinealocytes in the physiological norm and in chronic ethanol intoxication. To achieve this goal, we used 20 laboratory male rats: a control group and an experimental group. The control group was under standard vivarium conditions. For the experimental group, alcohol intoxication was modeled by injecting a 40% ethanol solution at the rate of 12 mg/kg of body weight intragastric 4 times a day. The morphometric parameters of pinealocytes were studied on day 30 from the start of the study. According to the results of morphometric measurements, a significant increase in the parameters of light pinealocytes and a decrease in the parameters of dark cells were established. It was determined that the average values of the cytoplasm area of light pinealocytes increase by 54.55% (p<0.05), the area of the nucleus increases by 61.32% (p<0.05), and the area of the nucleolus by 32.84% (p<0.05) compared with the control group. The area of the cytoplasm of dark pinealocytes decreases by 27.2% (p<0.05), and the area of the nucleus by 37.33% (p<0.05). Changes in the ratio of light and dark pinealocytes were also noted. An increase in the number of active light cells by 8.17% was found. The detected morphometric changes indicate high functional activity of cells, which has a compensatory nature in response to apoptosis of pinealocytes.


2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1710-1713
Author(s):  
Gabi Dumitrescu ◽  
Dorel Dronca ◽  
Liliana Petculescu Ciochina ◽  
Mirela Ahmadi ◽  
Ioan Pet ◽  
...  

In industrialized countries, many researches have highlighted a correlation between the presence of octylphenol in different plastics or detergents and its estrogenic effect. The metabolism of alkylphenols (4-n-octylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol) is depending on alkyl chain and at testicular level act as endocrine disruptions. The purpose of our work was to evaluate the octylphenol effect on the testicular morphological changes in mice. Our experiment was performed on adult mice, divided into three experimental groups of 5 individuals each, respectively: control group (C -untreated); the vehicle group (V) treated with ethanol and corn oil mixt (1:10); and experimental group (E - treated with octylphenol in concentrations of 80 mg / kg body weight). Octylphenol is a pollutant that has to be monitoring because our study showed a decrease in male fertility due to morphological alterations as a result of exposure to a series of hormone mimetic molecules. Animals exposed to octylphenol presented morphological changes at the testicular level manifested disorganization of the seminiferous epithelium, hypertrophic and hypereosinophilic spermatocytes, presence of apoptotic bodies, as well as the diffuse hyperplasia of the Leydig interstitial cells, proving that octylphenol negative influences the male fertility.


10.12737/7234 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Исаева ◽  
N. Isaeva

The paper presents research results of patho-morphological effects of extremely low frequency rotating magnetic fields and pulsed traveling magnetic fields on the kidneys of mammals from the perspective of in-formation theory. The study was conducted in four experimental groups and one control group, each of which consisted of 15 adult mice line S/Bl6. The following information characteristics were determined for all groups: information capacity, i.e. the maximum structural diversity of functional systems, information entropy, information organization, information relative entropy and the coefficient of relative organization of the system. Analysis of the values of information characteristics have allowed to establish that the lowest values of information entropy and maximum values of the coefficient of relative organization of the system were obtained in the groups with the most severe pathological changes. This indicates the formation of stable equilibrium as the norm, and in terms of irreversible pathological process. The results of the correlation analysis in all groups showed that the highest accuracy of prediction have regression model for relative information entropy, obtained in the control group and in group 2, in which severe pathological changes didn’t observed.


1990 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. R5-R8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Martal ◽  
E. Degryse ◽  
G. Charpigny ◽  
N. Assal ◽  
P. Reinaud ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Ovine trophoblastin (oTP) is a natural interferon of the class-II interferon-α subfamily. Recombinant ovine trophoblastin (r.oTP), produced by genetic engineering, was purified by anion-exchange HPLC. The product exhibited a high degree of homogeneity (>98%), and similar immunological cross reaction and antiviral activity to natural oTP. Antiluteolytic activity of r.oTP was established by intrauterine injection in two groups of cyclic recipient ewes. Control group A included 10 ewes which received sterile BSA in saline twice daily for 8 days (from day 10-12 of oestrous cycle). Experimental group B included 17 ewes which received 80 μg (4 ewes), 170 μg (8 ewes) or 340 μg (5 ewes) r.oTP daily for 8 days. Maintenance of functional corpora lutea for 1 month or more was observed in 4 out of 5 ewes which received high doses of r.oTP. These results indicate that oTP alone extends luteal secretory activity.


1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi E. Girolametto

Twenty mothers and their preschool-aged, developmentally delayed children participated in this parent-focused intervention study. Nine mother-child dyads received an ll-week training program that espoused a social-conversational approach, while 11 dyads served as controls. Pre- and posttest videotapes were transcribed and coded to yield measures of turn taking, as well as indexes of responsiveness, topic control, and uninvolvement. Following treatment, the mothers in the experimental group were more responsive to and less controlling of their children's behavior than the mothers in the comparison group. The children initiated more topics, were more responsive to their mother's preceding turns, and used more verbal turns and a more diverse vocabulary than the control group children. No differences in language development, as measured by a standardized test, were found. Individual maternal responses to intervention as well as implications for modifying parent training programs are discussed.


2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1004-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Tomizuka ◽  
Hiroyasu Kanetaka ◽  
Yoshinaka Shimizu ◽  
Akihiro Suzuki ◽  
Kaoru Igarashi ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective: To examine the effects of gradually increasing force generated by permanent rare earth magnets for orthodontic tooth movement by using a novel experimental rat model and computer simulation. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five male rats (age 18 weeks) were used as animal experiments. Magnetic (experimental groups) or titanium (control group) cuboids (1.5 × 1.5 × 0.7 mm) were bonded to the lingual surface of the maxillary first molars. The initial distance between materials was 1.0 mm, generating 4.96 gf (experimental group I), or 1.5 mm, generating 2.26 gf (experimental group II). Tooth movement was measured and periodontal structures were observed with microfocus x-ray computed tomography radiographs. Results: The distance between the magnets decreased with time in experimental groups I and II (P &lt; .001), whereas there was no tooth displacement in the control group. Experimental group I showed rapid tooth movement in the initial phase followed by slower tooth movement. Experimental group II showed gradual tooth movement. Horizontal sections on microfocus computed tomgraphy radiographs revealed no pathological changes, such as root resorption, on the compressed side in the experimental groups. Conclusions: The initial light force and gradual increasing force in magnetic attractive force induced effective tooth movement in rats without inducing any pathological changes.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Anatol'evna Zubareva ◽  
Dmitriy Yur'evich Sosnin ◽  
Andrey Viktorovich Renzhin

Introduction. Currently there are no relevant findings from a comparative study of the chemical composition of the abscess fluid and blood serum.The aim of the research was to study the composition of procalcitonin (PCT) contained in the blood serum and abscess fluids of the soft tissues and the abdominal cavity in local inflammation and sepsis.Materials and methods. The PCT concentration was determined in blood serum and the content of abscesses of the soft tissues and abdominal cavity in 45 patients of the surgical department. The experimental group included 31 patients with inflammatory processes that did not result in the organ failure. The comparison group included 14 patients with abscesses which manifested clinical and laboratory signs of the systemic inflammation and organ failure. The control group included 25 healthy individuals. The PCT level was determined by ELISA using the Procalcitonin - ELISA - BEST test system (Vector - Best, Russia).Results. Differences in the PCT content in the serum between groups were characterized by a high degree of statistical significance (H = 58.79206, p = 0.0000). The highest PCT level in the serum was observed in patients of the comparison group, where the average values ​​were 11.94 4.98 ng / ml, the lowest PCT level in the serum was observed in patients of the control group. The PCT concentration in the content of abscesses was lower compared to blood serum and was characterized by statistically significant differences in patients of both - experimental group and comparison groups (p = 0.00001)Conclusion. Abscesses of the soft tissues and the abdominal cavity without signs of generalized infection are not accompanied by an increase in the PCT concentration in the blood serum for more than 2 ng/ml. The PCT concentration in the content of abscesses was lower than its content in the blood serum in both - the local inflammatory process and in the development of sepsis.


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