scholarly journals Interpreting Susceptibility Testing of Carbapenem Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Maite Micaelo ◽  
Florence Brossier ◽  
Nicolas Brechot ◽  
Charles Edouard Luyt ◽  
Qin Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
New Guidelines

Objectives: Carbapenems are among the most powerful anti pseudomonal agents. Since meropenem and doripenem were marketed, there are limited data regarding drug susceptibility testing by routine methods (disc diffusion and Etest) for them. The aim of our study was to compare in vitro activity of the imipenem, meropenem and doripenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: Three hundred and eleven P. aeruginosa strains isolated from respiratory specimens in 170 patients who developed ventilator-associated pneumonia in two intensive care units were collected over a period of 31 months. The susceptibility of all of these isolates to imipenem, meropenem and doripenem were determined by Etest and disc diffusion method. Results: Considering either all of the isolates or only the first isolates recovered per patient (311 and 170 respectively) the susceptibility rate for doripenem was higher than that for meropenem and imipenem. When MICs determined by Etest were converted into interpretative categories (S, I, R) using French (CA-SFM) guidelines, agreement was poor, especially for meropenem and doripenem. The percent of agreement with the disc diffusion method were 90.6% and 89.7% for imipenem, 80.5% and 82.6% for meropenem and 80.5% and 73.3% for doripenem, for the first isolates and all of the isolates, respectively. Errors were mostly minor errors, and the rate of errors was as high as 17.7% and 16.1% for meropenem and 17.7% and 25.7% for doripenem for the first isolates and all of the isolates, respectively Conclusion: The accuracy of disc diffusion using CA-SFM guidelines appears unsatisfactory for all the three carbapenems justifying the adaptation of new guidelines for P. aeruginosa and carbapenems

scholarly journals IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF STEM AND ROOT OF RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA AGAINST DIFFERENT BACTERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Virendra Vaishnav ◽  
Debasish Sahoo ◽  
Tanushree Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Rauwolfia Serpentina

Medicinal Plants are the good source of natural antimicrobial agents. The main aim of present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of stem and root of Rauwolfia serpentina against six microorganism, Powdered stem and root of plant were extracted with acetone, chloroform and methanol and streptomycin used as positive control. The antibacterial activity of Rauwolfia serpentine was detected by using disc diffusion method and agar well diffusion method on the following bacteria- Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus fusiformis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. luminescens. The experiment reported that R. serpentina Root methanol extract shown 14.86 ± 1.11 highest antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa through well diffusion method. Whereas root chloroform recorded 13.46 ± 1.28 highest antibacterial activity against E. coli through disc diffusion method, maximum zone of inhibition 22.66±0.52 mm was found for the positive control, streptomycin through well diffusion method. Further studies should be undertaken to reveal the correct mechanism of action of antimicrobial effect to identify the active ingredients which can be used in drug development program.

scholarly journals In silico and In vitro Evaluation of Some Synthesized Quinoline Derivatives into MexB Protein of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Abdalkader Saeed Latif ◽  
Majida G. Magtooph ◽  
Alia Essam Mahmood Alubadi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Quinoline Derivatives ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Molecular docking performed to evaluate the effect of five quinoline derivatives on the MexB protein of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a potential inhibitor by utilizing the 3D structure of each quinoline compounds (C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5), and the crystal structure of the protein, C4 showed the greatest potential with -31.4 kcal/mol binding energy, and the lowest potential was for C1 with (-18.5 kcal/mol) compared with ciprofloxacin. Fifty samples were collected from different sites from patients who are attending to the medical city of Baghdad and private Dhelal Beirut Center, Baghdad, 36 of the samples were diagnosed as P. aeruginosa by routine culture test and confirmed by VITEK2, and those isolates were subjected to the susceptibility test against carbapenems, carbenicillin, levofloxacin, and erythromycin by disc diffusion method. The isolates that showed resistance to all of four antibiotics were based to evaluate the activity of quinoline derivatives by using the agar well diffusion method, where compounds C4 and C5 showed the highest line of activity as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 256 μg/mL, meanwhile, C1 showed the lowest activity with MIC of 1,024 μg/mL.

scholarly journals The efficacy of Calendula officinalis tincture as an antibacterial on in vitro Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mbuso Mabuza
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Microbial Study

The aim of this in vitro microbial study was to evaluate the efficacy of Calendula officinalis tincture 60% (v/v) ethanol as an antibacterial on in vitro Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The standardised disc - diffusion method was employed. Seven pairs of Mueller - Hinton agar plates were used.

scholarly journals Russia-made Mueller–Hinton agar: compliance with contemporary requirements

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-416
Author(s):  
L. V. Domotenko ◽  
I. S. Kosilova ◽  
A. P. Shepelin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

At present, a rise of antimicrobial resistance requires that susceptibility of infectious agents to antimicrobial agents could be accurately evaluated as related errors may lead to selecting improper therapeutics provoking spread of drug resistance. Pathogen sensitivity to antimicrobial agents is commonly determined by a disc diffusion method. A quality of nutrient medium used in assays plays a crucial role influencing final results. In Russia, it turned out that regulatory documents such as the nationwide guidelines and clinical recommendations outlining methodology for antimicrobial susceptibility testing underlay availability in domestic market few nutrient media, including Mueller–Hinton Agar, AGV medium etc. exhibiting sometimes unsatisfactory quality. To harmonize such methodology with international requirements, theStateResearchCenterfor Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology has developed a technology and promoted manufacture of Russia-made Mueller–Hinton agar satisfying requirements of EUCAST documents, clinical guidelines, and ISO/TS 16782:2016. The main objective of this study was to compare quality of new agar product with five similar foreign media while examining 11 test strains by disc diffusion method. As a result, some of nutrient media available to the Russian market turned out to be off-standard: not all of them satisfy to the EUCAST requirements and clinical guidelines since diameter distribution for growth inhibition recommended by EUCAST for quality control does not fit into permissible range. Moreover, susceptibility of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, Meropenem, as well as S. aureus ATSS 25923 and E. faecalis ATCC 29212 to tigecycline was assessed with certain mistakes. The data obtained by us were analyzed in accordance to the new document ISO/TS 16782:2016 “Clinical laboratory testing — criterion for acceptable lots of dehydrated Mueller–Hinton agar and broth for antimicrobial susceptibility testing”, not approved yet In Russia. To determine potential reason for deviation of data from reference range, we measured concentration of bivalent metals in all nutrient media examined by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. We determined new patterns affecting reliability of results on microbial antibiotic susceptibility. A need to check intralaboratory quality control of nutrient media was emphasized.  

scholarly journals Essential Oil from Leaves of Lantana canescens and L. lopez-palacii Grown in Colombia

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600
Author(s):  
Andrés F. Peralta-Bohórquez ◽  
Clara Quijano-Célis ◽  
Mauricio Gaviria ◽  
Consuelo Vanegas-López ◽  
Jorge A. Pino
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Enterobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

The chemical composition of the volatile compounds from the leaves of Lantana canescens Kunth (Verbenaceae) and L. lopez-palacii Moldenke grown in Colombia were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. One hundred and thirty-nine volatile compounds were identified in L. canescens, of which the major ones were β-caryophyllene (13.5%), germacrene D (10.3%) and 1-octen-3-ol (8.4%). In the oil obtained from L. lopez-palacii, eighty-three compounds were identified, of which the most prominent were 1-octen-3-ol (24.4%) and β-caryophyllene (15.2%). The in vitro antibacterial activity of the L. lopez-palacii essential oil was studied against three bacterial strains using the disc diffusion method. No antimicrobial activity was found against Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sakazakii and Listeria monocytogenes.

In vitro sensitivity of Hungarian Actinobaculum suis strains to selected antimicrobials

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Biksi ◽  
Andrea Major ◽  
L. Fodor ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Variable Sensitivity ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Almost All

In vitro antimicrobial sensitivity of 12 Hungarian isolates and the type strain ATCC 33144 of Actinobaculum suis to different antimicrobial compounds was determined both by the agar dilution and by the disc diffusion method. By agar dilution, MIC50 values in the range of 0.05-3.125µg/ml were determined for penicillin, ampicillin, ceftiofur, doxycycline, tylosin, pleuromutilins, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, enrofloxacin and lincomycin. The MIC50 value of oxytetracycline and spectinomycin was 6.25 and 12.5µg/ml, respectively. For ofloxacin, flumequine, neomycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin and sulphamethoxazole + trimethoprim MIC50 values were in the range of 25-100µg/ml. With the disc diffusion method, all strains were sensitive to penicillin, cephalosporins examined, chloramphenicol and florfenicol, tetracyclines examined, pleuromutilins, lincomycin and tylosin. Variable sensitivity was observed for fluoroquinolones (flumequine, enrofloxacin, ofloxacin), most of the strains were susceptible to marbofloxacin. Almost all strains were resistant to aminoglycosides but most of them were sensitive to spectinomycin. A strong correlation was determined for disc diffusion and MIC results (Spearman's rho 0.789, p<0001). MIC values of the type strain and MIC50 values of other tested strains did not differ significantly. Few strains showed a partially distinct resistance pattern for erythromycin, lincomycin and ampicillin in both methods.

scholarly journals Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of Cephradine Benzoate

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
M Ahmad ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
P Kumar Paul
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Shigella Boydii ◽  
Group B

Aims & Methods: The present study was undertaken to compare the antibacterial activity of a cephradine derivative with that of the parent antibiotic cephradine. Cephradine was converted to its benzoyl derivative by Schotten-Baumann method for the first time. Disc diffusion method was employed to find out the antibacterial activity against EPEC, ETEC, E. Agg, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella group B, Shigella boydii, Shigella dysenteriae 1, Shigella dysenteriae 2, Shigella flexinariae and Shigella sonnei. Melting point, TLC, HPLC, UV, FTIR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR studies were carried out to check the purity and confirm that the derivative was cephradine benzoate. Results: The benzoyl derivative showed promising activity against tested bacteria. The results obtained from the study demonstrate that the benzoyl derivative could be a potential antibacterial agent. Key words: Cephradine benzoate, antibacterial activity, disc diffusion method.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3329/bjms.v10i3.8356 BJMS 2011; 10(3): 148-151

scholarly journals Studies of Antimicrobial Activity of 2',4',5'- and 2',3',4'-Trimethoxy Flavanones

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
A. Rahim ◽  
R. Ali ◽  
A. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Filter Paper Disc ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Paper Disc

 2',4',5'- and 2',3',4'-trimethoxy flavanones have been synthesized starting with 2-hydroxyacetophone and substituted aldehyde. Antibacterial activities of the flavanones have been tested along with their corresponding chalcones against two human pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus-b-haemolyticus and  Klebsiella sp. (G-)). Antifungal activities of the flavanones have also been investigated against  two plants pathogenic mold fungi (Rhizactonia solani Sclerotium rolfsii). The structures of the synthesized compounds have been characterized with the help of  UV, IR and 1H NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. The antibacterial and antifungal screening were performed in vitro by the filter paper disc diffusion method and poisoned food technique. The flavanones showed antibacterial activity while no activity was observed to their corresponding chalcones against the tested bacteria. On the other hand, chalcones and their corresponding flavanones both showed fungicidal activities.

scholarly journals Efek Antimikroba Ekstrak Air Daun Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) terhadap Bakteri Shigella dysenteriae Secara In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Qyana Al Farisi ◽  
Yuke Andriane ◽  
Miranti Kania Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
High Price ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method

Kematian akibat infeksi Shigella, terutama Shigella dysenteriae dapat mencapai lebih dari 10% terutama pada anak dan lanjut usia pada kondisi tanpa pemberian terapi yang efektif. Siprofloksasin merupakan lini pertama untuk pengobatan infeksi Shigella, akan tetapi obat ini memiliki beberapa kekurangan di antaranya harga yang mahal dan resistensi. Daun mengkudu merupakan tanaman tradisional yang diduga memiliki efek antimikro dan diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif terapi antibiotik bagi Shigella dysenteriae yang saat ini sudah banyak mengalami resistensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek antimikro ekstrak air daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorium murni. Zona hambat ditentukan melalui metode difusi cakram. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah Shigella dysenteriae ATCC nomor 13313. Sampel uji berupa ekstrak air daun mengkudu konsentrasi 100%, kontrol positif (siprofloksasin) dan kontrol negatif (aquadest) dengan 9 kali pengulangan. Hasil uji antimikro dengan metode difusi cakram menunjukkan tidak terbentuk zona hambat pada ekstrak air daun mengkudu konsentrasi 100%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan ekstrak air daun mengkudu konsentrasi 100% tidak memiliki efek antimikro terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae. Kadar flavonoid, tanin, dan alkaloid yang terdapat dalam ekstrak air daun mengkudu konsentrasi 100% pada penelitian ini kemungkinan belum cukup untuk menghasilkan efek yang diharapkan. Antimicrobial Effect of Water Extract of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Leaves against Shigella dysenteriae In VitroDeath due to infection with Shigella, especially Shigella dysenteriae, can reach more than 10%, especially in children and the elderly in conditions without effective therapy. Ciprofloxacin is the first line for the treatment of Shigella infection, however this drug has several disadvantages including high price and resistance. Noni leaf is a traditional plant that is thought to have antimicrobial effects and is expected to be an alternative antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysenteriae which is currently experiencing a lot of resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of the water extract of noni leaves (Morinda citrifolia L.) on Shigella dysenteriae bacteria. This research is a pure laboratory experimental study. The zone of inhibition is determined by the disc diffusion method. The research object used was Shigella dysenteriae ATCC number 13313. The test sample was a water extract of noni leaves with a concentration of 100%, positive control (ciprofloxacin) and negative control (aquadest) with 9 repetitions. The results of the antimicrobial test using the disc diffusion method showed no inhibition zone was formed in the water extract of noni leaves with a concentration of 100%. This shows that a water extract of noni leaves with a concentration of 100% did not have an antimicrobial effect against the Shigella dysenteriae bacteria. The levels of flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids contained in the water extract of noni leaves with a concentration of 100%  in this study may not be sufficient to produce the expected effect.

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