scholarly journals Evaluative Adjectives in the Portrayal of Victorian Women

Linguaculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla Gryzhak

The focus of this paper is the analysis of evaluative adjectives used in the description of physical appearance, clothing, personal qualities, intelligence and manners of female characters in the English prose fiction of the 19th century. Four novels written by the Victorian writers, approximately in the same time period, served as the source material for the research, namely E. Bronte’s “Wuthering Heights” (1847), W. M. Thackeray’s “Vanity Fair” (1847), E. Gaskell’s “Cranford” (1851), and C. Dicken’s “Bleak House” (1852). Evaluative adjectives are regarded in this paper as the ones that carry in their use an implication of a positive or negative attitude or evaluation on the part of the writer (beautiful, awful, etc.). They give an emotive or subjective characterization of the qualities of the referent, revealing the writer’s or speaker’s peculiar attitude towards the object described. The present paper has two aims. The first is to study what evaluative adjectives were mostly employed by the authors in the portrayals of women in each of the mentioned novels and whether the authors prefer positive or negative characterisation of female characters. The second one is to examine if there are any gender specific peculiarities in the use of evaluative adjectives in the portrayal of women in the novels.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Linshuo Qi

Before the Victorian era, it was rare for women to be authors and writers to fix the protagonists of their works as female characters. However, in the 19th century, there was a rapid increase of women writers and emphasis on feminist consciousness. Among all the works of women writers, Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights which were written by the Bronte sisters were distinctive. The Bronte sisters conveyed their feminist consciousness and described the society in their works. Both works emphasized romantic relationships as the narrative thread. By shaping the female characters in their works as self-reliant women who fought for equivalence and freedom in the era where male chauvinism occupied leadership roles, the Bronte sisters conveyed their eagerness for freedom, equality, and their feminist consciousness. This paper combines features of the Victorian era and the Bronte sisters’ life experiences to analyze feminist consciousness in these two works and make comparisons between them.


2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Gronsky

The article examines the relationship between Western Russianism (Zapadnorusizm) and Byelorussian nationalism. Byelorussian nationalism is much younger than Western Russianism, finally shaping only in the end of the 19th century. Before 1917 revolution Byelorussian nationalism could not compete with Western Russianism. The national policy of the Bolsheviks contributed to the decline of Western Russianism and helped Byelorussian nationalism to gain stronger positions. However, Byelorussian nationalists actively cooperated with the occupation authorities during the Great Patriotic war. That caused distinctly negative attitude of Byelorussians towards the movement and collaborators. Currently, Byelorussian nationalism is supported both by the opposition and by the government. Western Russianism has no political representation, but is supported by the majority of Byelorussian population.


wisdom ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Gegham HOVHANNISYAN

The article covers the manifestations and peculiarities of the ideology of socialism in the social-political life of Armenia at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. General characteristics, aims and directions of activity of the political organizations functioning in the Armenian reality within the given time-period, whose program documents feature the ideology of socialism to one degree or another, are given (Hunchakian Party, Dashnaktsutyun, Armenian Social-democrats, Specifics, Socialists-revolutionaries). The specific peculiarities of the national-political life of Armenia in the given time-period and their impact on the ideology of political forces are introduced.


1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Jackson ◽  
Yopie Prins

THE VICTORIAN POETESS has become as important a figure in the late twentieth century as she was in the late nineteenth — perhaps because she seems now, as then, to have lapsed into the obscurity of literary history. In recent years feminist critics have been interested in reclaiming a tradition of nineteenth-century popular poetesses whose verse circulated broadly on both sides of the Atlantic. A spate of new anthologies, annotated editions, and critical collections (as well as texts now available on-line) has reintroduced supposedly lost women poets into the canon of Victorian poetry. Indeed, this recovery is often predicated on a rhetoric of loss, as if only by losing women poets we can rediscover and read them anew. Thus in recent advertisements for such anthologies, we read that Victorian Women Poets (edited by Angela Leighton and Margaret Reynolds in 1995) “aims to recover the lost map of Victorian women’s poetry,” and British Women Poets of the 19th Century (edited by Margaret Higonnet in 1996) “restores the voices and reputations of these ‘lost’ artists”; likewise, the compendious Nineteenth-Century Women Poets (edited by Isobel Armstrong and Joseph Bristow with Cath Sharrock in 1996) “rediscovers rich and diverse female traditions.”


2017 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 175-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cvikel ◽  
M. Cohen ◽  
A. Inberg ◽  
S. Klein ◽  
N. Iddan ◽  
...  

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Angeles Filgueira Perez

En el presente estudio se ha tratado de obtener una aproximación al perfil ideal del entrenador de alto rendimiento en atletismo. En el mundo del deporte de alta competición, el entrenador debe desarrollar funciones de maestro, técnico y líder, lo cual hace difícil delimitar sus competencias (conocimientos, habilidades y cualidades personales). Por tanto, la principal motivación de este trabajo es establecer el papel que debe desempeñar el entrenador para la preparación física, técnica, táctica, psicológica y moral del deportista de alto nivel. Para ello, se ha considerado como población objeto de estudio al conjunto de entrenadores de alto rendimiento que en el momento de la investigación estuviesen activo, ya que interesaba realizar este estudio desde su propia perspectiva. Los datos recogidos forman parte de una investigación más amplia, llevada a cabo mediante encuesta, para la que se diseñó un cuestionario de 78 preguntas en el que se abarcaban tres temas: el perfil del entrenador y del deportista, así como la figura del formador de entrenadores en el Practicum. En este trabajo nos centramos en el primer tema y el análisis de la información obtenida nos permite concluir que la que práctica totalidad de los entrenadores de atletismo consideran necesario dominar con precisión los aspectos técnico-metodológicos. Además, consideran que su ética profesional debe estar regida por los principios de autonomía y beneficencia, de modo que valores como la honestidad y la justicia deben primar en el desarrollo de sus funciones.Abstract: In the current study, we have tried to get an approximation of the ideal profile of high performance coaches in athletics. In the high-level sports world, the coach must develop the role of teacher, technician and leader,  which makes it difficult to delimit  his/her competencies (knowledge, skills and personal qualities). Therefore, the main motivation of this work is to define the role that the coach plays in relation  to the physical, technical, tactical, psychological and moral preparation of elite athletes. Keeping this aim as an objective, we have considered as the target population the high performance coaches who are active at the time of the investigation, since we were interested  in knowing their own perspective. The data that was collected is a part of a wider investigation, conducted by a survey, for which we designed a questionnaire of 78 questions divided on three topics: the profile of the coach and the athlete, as well as the figure of the coach educator in the Practicum. In this work, we focus on the first topic and the analysis of the information that we obtained allows us to conclude that almost all the track and field coaches find it necessary to dominate the technical and methodological aspects. They also consider that professional ethics must be governed by the principles of autonomy and care that values   like honesty and justice must prevail in the performance of their work.


2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3359-3384 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Millares ◽  
M. J. Polo ◽  
M. A. Losada

Abstract. The study of baseflow in mountainous areas of basin headwaters, where the characteristics of the often fractured materials are very different to the standard issues concerning porous material applied in conventional hydrogeology, is an essential element in the characterization and quantification of water system resources. Their analysis through recession fragments provides information on the type of response of the sub-surface and subterranean systems and on the average relation between the storage and discharge of aquifers, starting from the joining of these fragments into a single curve, the Master Recession Curve (MRC). This paper presents the generation of the downward MRC over fragments selected after a preliminary analysis of the recession curves, using a hydrological model as the methodology for the identification and the characterization of quick sub-surface flows flowing through fractured materials. The hydrological calculation has identified recession fragments through surface runoff or snowmelt and those periods of intense evapotranspiration. The proposed methodology has been applied to three sub-basins belonging to a high altitude mountain basin in the Mediterranean area, with snow present every year, and their results were compared with those for the upward concatenation of the recession fragments. The results show the existence of two different responses, one quick (at the sub-surface, through the fractured material) and the other slow, with linear behavior which takes place in periods of 10 and 17 days, respectively and which is linked to the dimensions of the sub-basin. In addition, recesses belonging to the dry season have been selected in order to compare and validate the results corresponding to the study of recession fragments. The comparison, using these two methodologies, which differ in the time period selected, has allowed us to validate the results obtained for the slow flow.


2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Valčić

Tema ovog eseja je bazirana na citatu V. Woolf »The Russian Point of View«, tj. na citatu iz njena eseja, koji otvara jedan interesantan uvid u neke tendencije ruskih i engleskih romanopisaca 19. stoljeća. Engleski novelisti, po V. Woolf, čini se, teže objektivnijem prikazivanju društva, dok su ruski veći individualisti. Da se svi engleski pisci ne mogu klasificirati kao objektivni promatrači društva u kojem žive, potvrđuje Emily Bronte sa svojim romanom Wuthering Heights. Isto tako ruski novelisti 19. stoljeća otvaraju »mogućnosti« modernih interpretacija s tematikama moralnih sukoba koje onda pisci 20. stoljeća (engleski) proširuju na određen način, ili, bolje rečeno, sagledavaju s drugih točaka gledišta i stavljaju u određene okvire. Obrađeni su naročito V. Woolf i D. H. Lawrence, te su povučene neke paralele s Tolstojem i Turgenjevim.


2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Dos Santos Sousa

Resumo O artigo apresenta um estudo da obra Humana, demasiado, humana, de Luzilá Gonçalves Ferreira, com ênfase na análise das personagens femininas, em especial, Lou Salomé. Busca- se compreender como essas mulheres transgrediram os padrões da sociedade do século XIX, época em que as mulheres estavam excluídas do poder político e educacional pura e simplesmente. Palavras-chave: Mulheres. Transgressora. Lou Andreas Salomé. Luzilá Gonçalves Ferreira. THE CHARACTER OF LOU AS A TRANSGRESSOR OF SOCIAL STANDARDS IMPOSED ON WOMEN IN THE 19TH CENTURY IN HUMAN, TOO, HUMANAbstract The article presents a study of Human, too, human, by Luzilá Gonçalves Ferreira, emphasizing an analysis of female characters, particularly Lou Salome. We seek to understand how these women transgress the standards of the nineteenth century society, when women used to be excluded from political power and educational pure and simply. Keywords: Women. Transgressive. Lou Andreas Salomé. Luzilá Gonçalves Ferreira.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Krunoslav Puškar

This thesis deals with the analysis and description of the historical and contemporary anthroponymy of the Kalnik area of the Prigorje region on the basis of both archival and field research carried out throughout a longer period of time. Since there has not been any extensive onomastic reasearch in the very area to date, our goal was to determine the influence of linguistic and extralinguistic changes in the reaserched onomastic categories. The introduction of this thesis provides the geographical, sociohistorical, demographical and linguistic context of the researched area, whereas the subsequent chapters provide a list and analysis of confirmed first names, personal and family nicknames, as well as family names of the reaserched area. First names were researched during nine time periods with a duration of five years, beginning from 1802 and ending in 2014. Because of a wide researched area, we limited our research on the anthroponymic repertoire of the city of Križevci, in which 3020 first names (1579 male and 1441 female names) were confirmed. In the 19th century, during five analysed time periods, 1519 first names were confirmed, out of which 814 male and 705 female names, which were mostly simple based on their structure (91.64%). Concerning the provenance of the first names, we established that almost all names were either Christian names or translated Christian names and that national names occur very rarely and sporadically, only in the second half of the 19th century. By comparison, in the 20th and 21st century, during the last four time periods, 1501 first names have been confirmed, out of which 765 were male and 736 female names. Concerning their structure, they turned out to be mostly compound first names in the 1946- 1950 time period (55.69%), whereas in the 2010-2014 time period they turned out to be predominantly single (97.02%). Concerning their provenance, in the 1946-1950 time period 48.39% of male and 57.58% of female national names were confirmed, whereas in the last time period male national names amount to 4.05%, and female national names to only 1.27%. Personal nicknames are a special anthroponymic category which has not been researched in the Kalnik area. Having limited our field research on 13 places throughout the area, we confirmed 288 real personal nicknames, 245 male and 43 female nicknames, of mostly simple structure (95.14%), which are still mostly used in oral and informal communication. The motivation behind the nicknames has faithfully shown us the extralinguistic reality of the researched area. The most frequent motivational group of nicknames is the one of unknown motivation (23.96%), while the other confirmed groups are nicknames motivated by a first name (12,15%), a physical characteristic of the owner (12.15%), another characteristic of the owner (11,81%), a specific word used by the owner (8.33%), an animal (6.94%), a family name (6.60%), an occupation (6.25%), an ethnonym or toponym (4.51%), a family or social role (2.78%), a professional designation (1.38%), food (1.04%), a name for a plant (1.04%), a subject (0.69%), and another nickname (0.35%). The high frequency of nicknames of unknown motivation shows us the importance of future research of this anthroponymic category because, due to the passage of time, it is difficult to determine the real motivation of every nickname. We came to the same conclusion during our research of family nicknames, another specific anthroponymic category, still quite present in the Kalnik area. Having limited our field research on 12 places throughout the wide researched area, we managed to confirm 173 real family nicknames, whose designated motivational groups provided us with important sociolinguistic pieces of information. Concerning their structure, the majority of family nicknames turned out to be simple (N = 129), whereas concerning their motivation, the majority of family nicknames were of unknown motivation (N = 33). Other motivational groups were the following: a first name (N = 27), an occupation (N = 27), a family name (N = 25), a personal nickname (N = 22), a certain characteristic (N = 13), an ethnonym (N = 10), a toponym (N = 6), a certain subject (N = 6), and an animal (N = 4). All these mentioned different anthroponymic categories (first names, personal and family nicknames) can be confirmed profusely in the last anthroponymic category researched and analysed in this thesis – family names. Having employed the criterion of their minimum continuity of 100 years in the researched area, we have managed to confirm 1360 family names with centuries old continuity, since the 14th century to this very day. With this criterion we also managed to reduce a significant number of over 3000 family names with mostly no continuity, as well as to confirm those last names which had left their trace in the researched area. Of course, not all family names confirmed by this criterion are necessarily connected to the researched area, but are only detected in it. Out of 1360 confirmed family names, we succeeded in determining 189 family names which occur exclusively or mostly in the researched area, 100 family names which do not occur in contemporary anthroponymy of the area, and 97 family names which could also become extinguished in near future. Concerning their structure, the majority of all family names occur without a suffix (N = 681). All the confirmed family names were analysed according to their structure and motivation and listed in our Lexicon of family names at the end of this very thesis.


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