scholarly journals Treating Depression Using Ketamine

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-83
Author(s):  
Clairmont Griffith ◽  
Ms. Bernice La France
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Unipolar major depressive disorder affects a significant number of individuals across the globe placing at the top of the list as the leading cause of disability, related to damaging ramifications on the well-being affected persons and the societies. The current standard antidepressants targeting monoamine systems take long in starting a response. Therefore, there is a need in depression patients that is yet to be satisfied efficacious and swiftly acting antidepressant like those containing ketamine agent. This paper attempts to proof why ketamine should be used to treat depression. It compares it with other agents like nitrous oxide and it evident that ketamine is much faster and more effective than current antidepressants.

scholarly journals Social and Behavioral Rhythms as a Marker of Well-being Indicator in Old Adults Living at Home

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Giovanni Carta ◽  
Elisa Pintus ◽  
Rosanna Zaccheddu ◽  
Omar Callia ◽  
Giuliana Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Behavioral Rhythms ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
First Time

Social and behavioral rhythms (SBRs) are related to circadian rhythms well known as central points in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorders. The purpose is to verify in elderly people if having functional SBRs correlated with a positive perception of the quality of life (QoL) and health parameters and if there was an association between dysfunctionality of SBRs and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Sample: 141 people aged 65 years (58,9%Female). Each subject was submitted to SBRs Scale (in which higher scores show more dysfunctional SRB); SF-12 for QoL; PHQ-9 for depressive symptoms and underwent blood levels essays including cholesterol and triglyceride. The medical documented lifetime diagnosis including Major Depressive Disorder was taken into account. SBRs Scale score correlated inversely with SF-12 score (r=-0.360, p<0.0001) and positively with PHQ9 (r=0.396, p<0.0001). Lifetime MDD medical diagnosis was associated with a higher score at scale on social rhythms (24.811.9 vs 20.18.0, F=15.848, p<0.0001).The study highlighted, for the first time, that SBRs such as sleep, and nutrition have a role in well-being and that dysregulation of SBRs is related to MDD. Further longitudinal studies with a sufficient number of individuals will have to confirm these data and clarify causal links of the association between QoL and SBRs.

Twelve-month prevalence and disability of DSM-IV bipolar disorder in an Australian general population survey

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 777-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. MITCHELL ◽  
T. SLADE ◽  
G. ANDREWS
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Days Out Of Role

Background. There have been few large-scale epidemiological studies which have examined the prevalence of bipolar disorder. The authors report 12-month prevalence data for DSM-IV bipolar disorder from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being.Method. The broad methodology of the Australian National Survey has been described previously. Ten thousand, six hundred and forty-one people participated. The 12-month prevalence of euphoric bipolar disorder (I and II) – similar to the euphoric-grandiose syndrome of Kessler and co-workers – was determined. Those so identified were compared with subjects with major depressive disorder and the rest of the sample, on rates of co-morbidity with anxiety and substance use disorders as well as demographic features and measures of disability and service utilization. Polychotomous logistic regression was used to study the relationship between the three samples and these dependent variables.Results. There was a 12-month prevalence of 0·5% for bipolar disorder. Compared with subjects with major depressive disorder, those with bipolar disorder were distinguished by a more equal gender ratio; a greater likelihood of being widowed, separated or divorced; higher rates of drug abuse or dependence; greater disability as measured by days out of role; increased rates of treatment with medicines; and higher lifetime rates of suicide attempts.Conclusions. This large national survey highlights the marked functional impairment caused by bipolar disorder, even when compared with major depressive disorder.

scholarly journals Haematological and Haemostatic Changes Associated with Major Depressive Disorder among Nigerians.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-245
Author(s):  
Oloruntoba A. Ekun
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Red Cell Indices ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: A link between major depressive disorder (MDD) and haematological as well as co-agulation disorders has been postulated. This study aims to evaluate haematological and haemostatic changes among Nigerians with major depressive disorder Methods: Two hundred volunteers consisting of an equal number of individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) based on DMS-IV criteria and apparently healthy control participated in this study. The blood sample was collected into tri-sodium citrate K2EDTA bottles respectively and was evaluated for some haemostatic parameters , using ELISA, Clauss, Quick’s One Stage, Proctor and Rapaport’s methods. Results: The mean WBC, hemoglobin and differential lymphocyte were significantly higher among MDD total volunteers (p < 0.001). The red cell indices and platelet count were lower among MDD (p <0.001). Also the prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen, protein-C and erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR) were all raised (p <0.001) among volunteers with MDD. Positive associations existed be-tween MCV and RBC (r: 0.364; p<0.001), PT and APTT (r: 0.319 p <0.001), APTT and fibrinogen (r: 0.239, p = 0.017) as well as PT and fibrinogen (r: 0.275 p = 0.006) at 95% confidence interval. Conclusion: Changes in total leucocytes count, lymphocytes values and haemostatic parameters among volunteers with depression may impacts deleterious effects on the immune response as well as haemostatic homeostasis, while decreased red cell indices may suggest occult nutritional anaemia.

P01-331-Family functioning of adolescents with a major depressive disorder – a comparative study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 333-333
Author(s):  
M.L. Perereira ◽  
D.L. Nunes Peçanha ◽  
I.A. Santos Bordin
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Occupational Activity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
The Family ◽  
Depressive Episodes

IntroductionPsychiatric disorders occur in a complex context of human relations in its social and psychological aspects. Family functioning is closely related to physical and psychological well-being of family members and its impairment affects the family as a whole.ObjectivesTo evaluate family functioning in two groups of adolescents (13–18 years): cases (with major depressive disorder) and controls (with no DSM-IV psychiatric disorders based on the Brazilian version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime/K-SADS-PL).MethodFamilies of cases (N = 9) and controls (N = 9) were matched by adolescent's age, gender and education, number and age of siblings, parental marital status and occupational activity, and family income. An experienced systemic family therapist applied the Structured Family Interview to each family. Nine dimensions of family functioning were evaluated: communication, rules, roles, leadership, conflict, aggressiveness, affect, individuation and integration. Session transcripts were independently evaluated by two other systemic family therapists blind to the family case-control category.ResultsRaters scored all interview items using a standardized coding system (overall agreement = 83.5%). Cases exhibited lower mean scores in seven family dimensions, specially affect (p = 0.0078). Differences were not found regarding rules and leadership.ConclusionDifficulty in expressing affect in parent-child relationships was the main characteristic of families with a depressive adolescent. Improvement of family functioning can contribute to minimize the negative influence of psychosocial and family factors on the reoccurrence, and severity of depressive episodes among depressed adolescents.

The problematic use of social networking sites associates with elevated symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orkun Aydin ◽  
Fikret Poyraz Çökmüş ◽  
Kuzeymen Balikçi ◽  
Didem Sücüllüoğlu-Dikici ◽  
Pınar Ünal-Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Major Depressive

Background: Although excessive use of social networking site (SNS) is related to undesired effects on healthy individual’s psychological well-being, there is a huge gap in studies performed with individuals who suffer from various mental disorders. Aim: The main goal of this study is to examine the association between problematic utilization of SNSs and depressive symptoms across patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: 111 patients diagnosed with MDD (diagnoses confirmed via the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5–Clinician Version (SCID-5/CV)) and 108 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for the study. Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) were administered by both MDD and HC groups. Group comparisons were estimated with multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) analyses. To identify the relationship between SNS addiction and depressive symptoms, the Pearson correlations were performed, and finally, we computed the multiple linear regression analyses to determine whether SNS addiction predicts depressive symptoms. Results: The results revealed that MDD group is more addicted to SNS relative to HC. In addition, depressive symptoms were significantly predicted by ‘relapse’ subdimension and the overall score of SNS addiction in the MDD group. Conclusion: Our study illustrated the detrimental effects of excessive SNSs usage on depressive symptoms in MDD particularly for the individuals in ‘relapse’ state of SNS addiction. The mental health workers should consider the usage patterns of SNSs in patients diagnosed with MDD during their clinical observation and management.

scholarly journals Duloxetine in the prevention of relapse of major depressive disorder

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Perahia ◽  
Inmaculada Gilaberte ◽  
Fujun Wang ◽  
Curtis G. Wiltse ◽  
Stacy A. Huckins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Noradrenaline Reuptake ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Time To Relapse ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Prevention Of Relapse

BackgroundRelapse rates may be as high as 50% in people with major depressive disorder (MDD) previously treated to remission.AimsDuloxetine, an inhibitor of serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake that is licensed in Europe, the USA and elsewhere for the treatment of depressive episodes, was evaluated with regard to its efficacy, safety and tolerability in the prevention of relapse of MDD.MethodAdult out-patients with MDD received duloxetine (60 mg daily) for 12 weeks (n=533). Patients who responded to the drug were then randomised to duloxetine (60 mgdaily) (n=136) or placebo (n=142) for 26 weeks. The primary measure of efficacy was time to relapse.ResultsPatients who received duloxetine (60 mg daily) experienced significantly longer times to relapse of MDD, and better efficacy global well-being, and quality-of-life outcomes compared with patients who received placebo. It should be noted that adverse events which occur in discontinuation may mimic some signs of depressive relapse, and were not specifically elicited in this study.ConclusionsDuloxetine (60 mg daily) is effective in the prevention of relapse of MDD during continuation treatment.

scholarly journals Major depressive disorder with religious struggle and completed suicide after hair transplantation

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1770074
Author(s):  
Mehmet Emin Ceylan ◽  
Barış Önen Ünsalver ◽  
Alper Evrensel
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Hair Transplantation ◽  
Religious Struggle

Objectives: Psychological outcomes of aesthetic surgical procedures like hair transplantation are mostly positive including decreased anxiety, depression and social phobia and increased general well-being, self-efficacy and self-esteem. However, some patients may suffer from post-surgical depression and post-surgical increased suicide rates have been reported for breast augmentation patients. Difficulty adapting to the new image, unfulfilled psychological needs expected to be met by the surgery, side effects of the surgery like tissue swelling or bruising, uncontrolled pain, presence of body dysmorphic disorder and previous history of mood disorder may be some of the risk factors for post-surgical depression. Methods: Here, we present a case without prior psychiatric history who developed major depressive disorder after hair transplantation and died of suicide. Results: He started experiencing religious struggle related to his decision about the hair transplant which he interpreted as acting against God’s will. While religious involvement has been reported to be a protective factor against depression, spiritual struggle, which includes religious guilt, has been described as an important risk factor for depression, hopelessness and suicidality which might explain the severity of depression in our patient. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of a detailed psychiatric evaluation and exploration of religious concerns of any patient before any type of aesthetic surgery. Major depressive disorder is a treatable condition; however, mild depression can go unnoticed. Religious belief and related religious practices affect an individual’s personal health attitudes; therefore, we think that every physician is needed to explore the religious concerns of any patient during any medical examination or surgical procedure. Relevant religious authorities should be consulted when necessary.

Hope and Depression

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorie A. Ritschel ◽  
Christopher S. Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines the relationship between hopeful thinking and major depressive disorder. Hope is a positive psychology construct that comprises goals, agency thinking, and pathways thinking and has been associated with psychological and physical well-being and psychosocial outcomes. Depression is inversely correlated with hope and is characterized by a host of symptoms and psychological correlates, including feelings of sadness, negative self-talk, amotivation, and difficulties in problem-solving and concentrating. This chapter explores the empirical evidence regarding the relationship between hope and depression, including the relationship between the subcomponents of hope (i.e., pathways and agency thinking) and the biological (e.g., neural reward systems) and cognitive (e.g., executive functioning) correlates of depression. In addition, the evidence for hope as a viable route for remediating depressive symptoms is reviewed, and future directions are proposed.

Depression Among Athletes and the Potential Impact on Performance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zella Moore ◽  
Jamie Leboff ◽  
Kehana Bonagura
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Bipolar Ii Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Multiple Domains

Major depressive disorder, dysthymia, and bipolar disorder are very common diagnoses seen among athletes, and they are serious conditions that can be debilitating if not properly addressed. These disorders warrant careful attention because they can adversely affect multiple domains of an athlete’s life, including athletic motivation, performance outcomes, interpersonal well-being, health, and overall daily functioning. Key foci include the prevalence of, clinical characteristics of, causes of, and risk factors for major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder/dysthymia, bipolar I disorder, and bipolar II disorder. Sport psychologists should integrate such important information into their overall case conceptualization and decision-making processes to ensure that athletes and performers at risk for, or struggling with, such mental health concerns receive the most effective, efficient, and timely care possible.

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