تحليل النموذج العاملي في رواية متاع في ضوء الدراسات الاجتماعية والنفسية للدكتورة : مريم حسن آل علي

2021 ◽  
pp. arabic cover-english cover
Author(s):  
ناجية علي راشد الخرجي
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Factor Pattern

تهدف الدراسة لتحليل النموذج العامليِّ في رواية متاع ؛ لرصد تفاعلها مع مثل هذه التحليلات ؛ لتعيين القوى الفاعلة التي تسهم في نسج الأحداث. والإشكالية هي أنّ التحليل العاملي يعد دراسة شكلية للنصوص ،لا تتوغل رأسياً إلى عمق النص ؛ لهذا ضمَّنتُ البحث تحليلاً للعوامل الاجتماعية والنفسية مع توظيف الرمز ، سعياً وراء الربط بين الشكل والمضمون . والتَزَمَتْ الدراسة بالمنهج التحليلي الذي يقوم على رصد القوى الفاعلة في النص ، وتصنيفها إلى علاقات ثم تحليلها وفق النموذج العاملي قبل توظيف المعطيات الاجتماعية والنفسية ؛ للكشف عن الأبعاد المتوارية لشخصيات النص . أما عن إسهام البحث في حقل الدراسات الأدبية ، فقد سعيتُ في دراستي للربط بين البنية السطحية المتمثلة في دراسة النموذج العاملي، وبين البنية العميقة من خلال الربط بين المستوى الشكلي مع الحقول المعرفية مثل : علم الاجتماع ، وعلم النفس ؛ لتسير الدراسة وفقاً لذلك في خطين متقاطعين ، يمثل النص نقطة التقائهما . The study objective is to analyze the factor pattern in the novel of Effects, in order to monitor its reactions with such analysis, to define effective powers which contribute in forming events. The problem is that factor analysis after study of texts form, is not axially penetrated in the text depth, therefore I implemented analysis of social and psychological factors with utilization of symbol, to obtain shape and content. The study committed to analytical method which is based on monitoring of active powers in the text, and categorized into relations, then analyze it according to factor pattern before use of social and psychological of data, to disclose hidden ranges of text characters. As for contribution of the research in literary studies filed, I have aimed in my study to link between surface structure represented in study of factor pattern and deep structure through connecting form level with knowledge field such as: sociology, psychology, for leading the study accordingly in crossed lines, text resembles the junction thereof.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Pride and Prejudice from Structuralist Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Jinhua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Jane Austen ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Pride And Prejudice ◽  
Structuralist Approach ◽  
Deep Meaning ◽  
Language Content

Pride and Prejudice is a classic novel from Jane Austen, a prominent female British writer, which has attracted considerable attention from the perspective of language, content, feminism, and marriage view but without the plot organization. Different from the previous study, this paper aims at the plot organization of the novel to see its structure and the deep meaning. This paper is devoted to analyzing the novel from the surface and deep structure, in which the structuralist approach is employed. The surface and deep structure theory is the main clue; besides, the structuralist narratological methods are applied to analyze the cases in the novel and explore the surface structure and deep structure respectively. The concepts of surface and deep structure and the structuralist narratological methods were applied to analyze Pride and Prejudice to see how the plots act to serve for the theme. The paper shows that the achievement of a novel is closely related to its complement of the structure. The clear hierarchies can effectively elaborate the story and the theme. To divide the plot into several parts can easily control and handle the development and interaction of the plots. The relative and oppositional relations of the different plots contribute to the demonstration of the theme and the comprehension of the readers.

A STRUCTURALIST APPROACH TO EARNEST HEMINGWAY?óÔé¼ÔäóS FOR WHOM THE BELL TOLLS

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kustantinah Indri ◽  
Karima Himatu Festi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Structuralist Approach ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Surface Manifestation ◽  
Plot Structure

Abstract ?é?á This research is undergone in order to look for surface manifestation and to find out deep structure of Earnest Hemingway?óÔé¼Ôäós For Whom the Bell Tolls. To convey the novel structure, the particular goals reached in this research is to analyze the plot and structure that relate to conflict in the story. The method used in this research is qualitative that use structuralist approach. The results of this research are (1) it is obviously clear that the surface structure of For Whom the Bell Tolls is novel (its genre). This novel can be categorized in tragedy since it has catastrophe in the end of the story; (2) A deep structure lies on its plot structure that has five stages. The incentive moment of the novel starts at Robert Jordan came to Spain in 1937 to help the Republican in the war, travels behind enemy lines to work with Spanish guerrilla fighters hiding in the mountains. The rising action starts when Pablo (the head of the guerillas) refused to help Robert to explode the bridge since he thought that job endangered their life. Troubles come to Jordan, but he determines to explode the bridge becoming the climax. The falling action follows the explosion of the bridge by Jordan and the guerrillas and the death of some guerrilla fighters. Finally, The death of Robert Jordan becomes the catastrophe of the story. ?é?á ?é?á Keywords: ?é?á structuralism, plot, structure, and conflict.

Analisis Wacana Surat Filemon

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Pivot Point ◽  
Structure Unit

Perkembangan studi linguistik di dalam penafsiran teks kitab suci memang masih lambat dan dalam tahap perkembangan. Tulisan ini adalah suatu penelitian untuk mengembangkan studi linguistik di dalam penafsiran teks kitab suci di Indonesia. Penulis memilih studi linguistik dengan pendekatan analisis wacana. Model analisis wacana yang digunakan adalah analisis colon yang diperkenalkan oleh Johanes P. Louw. Sampel teks yang digunakan adalah surat Filemon. Hasil penelitian ini akan mendapatkan struktur dan tema surat Filemon. Pendekatan analisis wacana menekankan semantik. Arti atau makna di dalam teks melampaui kata, frasa, dan kalimat (struktur mikro teks) sehingga fokus analisis sampai kepada keseluruhan wacana (struktur makro teks). Struktur makro teks melingkupi arti dari struktur mikro teks. Seorang penulis menulis teks mulai dari ide wacana yang kemudian secara sadar membangun ide tersebut dari struktur mikro teks yang dipilihnya. Dalam analisis colon, struktur makro teks yang terpenting adalah paragraf yang merupakan satu unit semantis yang dibangun dari beberapa kelompok colon (cluster) dan atau colons. Arti kata, frasa, klausa, dan kalimat tidak lepas dari isi semantis paragraf yang mewadahinya. Sementara, penafsir-penafsir lain lebih memprioritaskan penafsiran struktur mikro teks daripada makro teks. Wacana dianalisis mulai dari paragraf sampai frasa dan kata (top down). Unit semantis dalam bentuk kata, frasa, dan klausa akan dianalisis dengan kategori semantis, pengelompokkan kata (grouping of words atau immediate constituents), dan transformasi struktur luar (surface structure) ke dalam struktur dalam (deep structure). Unit semantis dalam bentuk paragraf akan dianalisis dengan metode analisis colon. Di dalam analisis colon, ada beberapa langkah yang akan diuraikan yaitu pertama, membuat struktur colon (syntactic structure) dari setiap paragraf dan terjemahan literal. Pengelompokkan kata akan terlihat di dalam struktur colon. Kedua, mencari isi semantis dari setiap colon atau kelompok (cluster) dengan menganalisis kata, frasa, dan colon. Ketiga, mencari hubungan semantis di antara colon atau kelompok di dalam satu paragraf yang sama. Keempat, menentukan tema atau ide utama (the pivot point) dari setiap paragraf. Berdasarkan analisis colon, ide utama atau tema surat ini adalah permohonan Rasul Paulus kepada Filemon untuk mengembalikan atau menerima kembali Onesimus sebagai saudara di dalam Kristus. Tema wacana ini menentukan struktur makro dan mikro teks ditulis oleh Rasul Paulus. Rasul Paulus mulai menulis dengan pembukaan yaitu sapaan dan salam kepada Filemon dan seluruh jemaatnya. Kemudian, Rasul Paulus menuliskan dasar permohonannya yaitu iman dan kasih Filemon yang selama ini sudah didengar olehnya. Lalu, Rasul Paulus menuliskan permohonannya bahwa Filemon bisa menerima kembali Onesimus. Terakhir, Rasul Paulus menuliskan penutup yaitu salam dan doa berkat kepada seluruh jemaat. Implikasi pastoral atau teologis yang bisa dipelajari adalah cara iman dan kasih diterapkan secara nyata di dalam persekutuan dan kehidupan seperti pengampunan dan rekonsiliasi relasi dengan orang lain yang sudah berbuat dosa. Pengalaman jatuh ke dalam dosa dan dipulihkan oleh Allah adalah pengalaman yang tidak mungkin dipisahkan dalam hidup ini. Oleh karena itu, persekutuan sesama orang percaya menjadi wadah atau alat anugerah bagi setiap orang percaya menghadapi berbagai godaan dosa. Secara khusus, penulis mengucap terima kasih kepada para mahasiswa STT Soteria Purwokerto terutama mereka yang sudah mengikuti kelas Studi dan Exegesis Perjanjian Baru. Mereka adalah orang (pembaca) pertama yang bersama penulis menggumuli teks ini selama 1 semester. Penulis juga mengucap terima kasih kepada isteri, Rina Mansyur, dan puteri, Filipe File Cendekia atas dukungan yang tiada taranya. Terakhir, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada penerbitan Leutikaprio yang sudah bersedia mengedit dan menerbitkan buku ini.

Reading Beyond the Code

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relevance Theory ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Communicative Acts ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Code Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Central Claim

This book explores the value for literary studies of relevance theory, an inferential approach to communication in which the expression and recognition of intentions plays a major role. Drawing on a wide range of examples from lyric poetry and the novel, nine of the ten chapters are written by literary specialists and use relevance theory both as an overall framework and as a resource for detailed analysis. The final chapter, written by the co-founder of relevance theory, reviews the issues addressed by the volume and explores their implications for cognitive theories of how communicative acts are interpreted in context. Originally designed to explain how people understand each other in everyday face-to-face exchanges, relevance theory—described in an early review by a literary scholar as ‘the makings of a radically new theory of communication, the first since Aristotle’s’—sheds light on the whole spectrum of human modes of communication, including literature in the broadest sense. Reading Beyond the Code is unique in using relevance theory as a prime resource for literary study, and is also the first to apply the model to a range of phenomena widely seen as supporting an ‘embodied’ conception of cognition and language where sensorimotor processes play a key role. This broadened perspective serves to enhance the value for literary studies of the central claim of relevance theory: that the ‘code model’ is fundamentally inadequate to account for human communication, and in particular for the modes of communication that are proper to literature.

COMPARATIVE LITERATURE: EAST AND WEST STUDIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (09) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Aziza Komilovna Akhmedova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
World Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Aesthetic Ideal ◽  
The Ideal

The article analyzes the results of the research on the representation of the aesthetic ideal through the image of the ideal hero in two national literatures. For research purposes, attention was paid to highlighting the category of the ideal hero as an expression of the author's aesthetic views. In Sinclair Lewis’s “Arrowsmith” and Pirimkul Kodirov's “The Three Roots”, the protagonists artistically reflect the authors' views on truth, virtue, and beauty. In these novels, professional ethics is described as a high noble value. The scientific novelty of the research work includes the following: in the evolution of western and eastern poetic thought, in the context of the novel genre, the skill, common and distinctive aspects of the creation of an ideal hero were revealed by synthesis of effective methods in world science with literary criteria in the history of eastern and western literary studies, in the example of Sinclair Lewis and Pirimkul Kodirov.

scholarly journals Sinkretisme dalam Tradisi Bucu Kendhit di Desa Sidokumpul Kabupaten Tuban

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Siti Inzali Listiadah ◽  
Sucipto Hadi Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Structure Approach ◽  
Structure Surface ◽  
Community Trust ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur luar dan struktur dalam tradisi Bucu Kendhit serta untuk mendeskripsikan perwujudan sinkretisme dalam tradisi Bucu Kendhit di Desa Sidokumpul, Kecamatan Bangilan, Kabupaten Tuban. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan struktural dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. hasil penelitian ini adalah Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) Tradisi Bucu Kendhit memiliki dua struktur yaitu struktur luar (surface structure) dan struktur dalam (deep structure). Struktur luar (surface structure) meliputi: a) Pra upacara dan komponen penyusun; b) Proses pelaksanaan dan c) Ubarampe. Sedangkan struktur dalam (deep structure) meliputi : a) Kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap Tradisi Bucu Kendhit. b) Adanya fungsi Tradisi Bucu Kendhit yang teridiri dari fungsi sosial dan fungsi religi. c) Makna filosofi Tradisi Bucu Kendhit yang terdiri dari makna kebendaan, makna perilaku, dan makna ucapan atau ujaran. (2) Tradisi Bucu Kendhit di Desa Sidokumpul, Kecamatan Bangilan, Kabupaten Tuban memiliki tradisi slametan sebagai perwujudan sinkretisme yang mengandung tiga unsur yaitu: unsur Hindu, unsur Jawa, dan unsur Islam. Kata Kunci: Sinkretisme, Struktur, Tradisi Bucu Kendhit   ABSTRACT   This research is aim to describe the surface structure and deep structure the tradition of Bucu Kendhit, and to describe the manifestation of syncretism in the tradition of Bucu Kendhit in Sidokumpul Village, Bangilan District, Tuban Regency. The approach used in this research is structure approach with descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques used were observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results of this study are: (1) The tradition of Bucu Kendhit has two structures namely the surface structure and the deep structure. The outer structure (surface structure) includes: a) Pre-ceremony and its components; b) The implementation process and c) Ubarampe. While the deep structure includes: a) Community trust in the Tradition of Bucu Kendhit. b) The function of the Bucu Kendhit Tradition which consists of social functions and religious functions. c) The meaning of the tradition of Bucu Kendhit's tradition which consists of material meaning, behavioral meaning, and the meaning of speech or utterance. (2) The tradition of Bucu Kendhit in Sidokumpul Village, Bangilan District, Tuban Regency has a slametan tradition as an embodiment of syncretism which contains three elements, namely: Hinduism, Javanese elements, and Islamic elements.   Keyword: Sinkretisme, Struktur, Tradisi Bucu Kendhit.

scholarly journals THE AMBIGUITY OF ENGLISH ADVERTISEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Dian Anik Cahyani ◽  
Aang Fatikhul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Data Sources

This is a qualitative research on applied linguistic which is conducted to find applied semantic theory about ambiguity, a condition where an utterance has two or more interpretations. The writers uses Kreidler’s theory which classifies ambiguities into three kinds; lexical, referential, and syntactic which is devided into two types; surface structure and deep structure. The discussion includes kinds of ambiguity that are found and their interpretations. The data sources is English advertisement and the data is English advertisement utterances in banners, posters, and billboards. The writers collects the datas by taking in a picture, sellecting, and presenting. The next is analysis and conclusion. There are 33 datas that are found, they are twelve banners, eleven posters, and ten billboards. From banners, there are three lexical, no referential, six surface structure, and three deep structure ambiguities. From posters, there is no lexical, one referential, four surface structure, and six deep structure ambiguities. From billboards, there are two lexical, two referential, four surface structure, and two deep structure ambiguities. Generally, the ambiguities are dominated by surface and deep structure ambiguity.

scholarly journals Sex in Stencil Novels Case Study: Readers' Reception of Enny Arrow's Stencil Novel in Surakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariska Puspita Anggraini ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Reception Theory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Erotic Literature ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Perspective

The phenomenon of sex has always been novel in every era. In Indonesia, for example, Enny Arrow’s stencil novel has been circulating, which has been named as a legend of Indonesian erotic literature. Along with the development of technology, the existence of stencil novels was replaced by DVDs or VCDs, which then continued with the emergence of various sites providing access to pornography. This difference in phenomena certainly makes the meaning of sex for each individual different. This research will analyze the meaning of sex in the stencil novel by Enny Arrow in the eyes of millennial men. The data analysis will focus on social psychological factors using Normand Holland’s literary reception theory. From the data analysis, it can be concluded that there are different views on sexual relations before and after reading the novel. This research is expected to provide a new perspective on the picture of sexuality for modern humans.

“A GREAT PART TO PLAY”: GENDER, GENRE, AND LITERARY FAME IN GEORGE MOORE’S A MUMMER’S WIFE

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joellen Masters
Keyword(s):  
Great Part ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
George Moore ◽  
Literary Fame

An actor is one who repeats a portion of a story invented by another.— George Moore, “Mummer-Worship” (1891)THE COMPLEXITIES OF GEORGE MOORE’S CHARACTER, his reactions to Victorian life, and his experimentation with literary styles and genres make him a persistently marginal, albeit intriguing, character in literary studies. “[H]is best work,” Lloyd Fernando has observed, “rests to this day in an artistic as well as social limbo which resists complete definition” (10). A Mummer’s Wife (1885), his second novel, has been studied for Moore’s debt to French novelists, in particular Flaubert, or for the author’s reaction to the British circulating libraries’ power.1 In response to controversy over A Mummer’s Wife’s perceived crudeness, Moore claimed “I have a great part to play — I am fighting that Englishman [sic] may exercise a right which they formerly enjoyed, that of writing freely and sanely” (qtd. in Hone 114), even appointing himself “un ricochet de Zola en Angleterre.”2 Without exception then, author and scholars regard A Mummer’s Wife as a transitional work, the book that brought naturalism into the British tradition. The novel, however, suspended in that artistic and social limbo, has not come under scrutiny for additional and alternative readings.3

Some notes on ‘deep’ grammar

1966 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. K. Halliday
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Structural Approach ◽  
Technical Term ◽  
Abstract Representation ◽  
Relational Approach ◽  
Linear Sequence ◽  
Language Pattern ◽  
Linear Configuration ◽  
Relational Aspect

In the representation of syntagmatic relations in language, we may distinguish between a linear sequence of classes, such as ‘adjective followed by noun’, and a non-linear configuration of functions, such as ‘modifier-head relation’ or simply ‘modification’. Both of these have been referred to as ‘structure’, although this term has also been extended to cover paradigmatic as well as syntagmatic relations. For Hjelmslev, for whom ‘structure’ was not a technical term (see e.g. 1961: 74 (=1943: 67)), ‘the structural approach to language … [is] conceived as a purely relational approach to the language pattern’ (1948: quoted in Firth, 1951: 220); among others who have emphasized the relational aspect of such studies are Firth (1957: 17 ff., 1951: 227–8; cf. Robins, 1953; Palmer, 1964a), Tesnière (cf. Robins, 1961: 81 ff.) and Pike(cf. Longacre, 1964: 16). Chomsky's (1964: 32) distinction, using Hockett's terms, between ‘surface structure’ and ‘deep structure’, ‘structure’ here going beyond syntagmatic relations, is extremely valuable and widely accepted: the surface structure of a sentence is defined as ‘a proper bracketing of the linear, temporally given sequence of elements, with the paired brackets labelled by category names’, while the deep structure, which is ‘in general not identical with its surface structure’, is ‘a much more abstract representation of grammatical relations and syntactic organization’.

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