scholarly journals THE AESTHETIC OF INTERTEXTUALITY IN THE ARAB FEMINIST NOVEL"WOMEN IN HELL" BY " AICHA BENNOUR"AS MODEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 483-492
Author(s):  
Rabiaa HLITIM ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Production ◽  
Contemporary Novel ◽  
Flexible Form ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Historical Writings ◽  
The Aesthetic

The corpus of the novel, through its different components and structures, has focused on the mechanism of intertextuality considering that the novel is the literary type that is most capable of absorbing different texts and reshaping them in its discourse, it therefore remains the most open and flexible form. The contemporary novel does not stand out if it is not bound up with variable discourses and various types of religious and historical writings. In this research work, we have tried to study the aesthetics of intertextuality in the Arab feminist novel, taking as an example the novel by " Aïcha Bennour" "Women in Hell ". This contemporary writer has taken the Holy Quran, history and literary production as a reference for her writings in order to express the Arab women′s suffering.

COMPARATIVE LITERATURE: EAST AND WEST STUDIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (09) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Aziza Komilovna Akhmedova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
World Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Aesthetic Ideal ◽  
The Ideal

The article analyzes the results of the research on the representation of the aesthetic ideal through the image of the ideal hero in two national literatures. For research purposes, attention was paid to highlighting the category of the ideal hero as an expression of the author's aesthetic views. In Sinclair Lewis’s “Arrowsmith” and Pirimkul Kodirov's “The Three Roots”, the protagonists artistically reflect the authors' views on truth, virtue, and beauty. In these novels, professional ethics is described as a high noble value. The scientific novelty of the research work includes the following: in the evolution of western and eastern poetic thought, in the context of the novel genre, the skill, common and distinctive aspects of the creation of an ideal hero were revealed by synthesis of effective methods in world science with literary criteria in the history of eastern and western literary studies, in the example of Sinclair Lewis and Pirimkul Kodirov.

scholarly journals 'Always think of the objects': Ekphrasis as aesthetics in the contemporary novel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lucy Eleanor Alston
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Infinite Jest ◽  
Contemporary Novel ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Temporal Qualities

<p>It is a commonplace that ekphrasis – the description in literature of a visual work of art – brings to the fore questions of representation and reference. Such questions are particularly associated with the ‘postmodern’; ekphrasis is thus often subsumed under the category of metafiction. There has been little critical attention, however, to how the ekphrastic mode might be understood in aesthetic terms. This thesis considers the nature of ekphrasis’s referential capacity, but expands on this to suggest a number of ways in which the ekphrastic mode evinces the aesthetic and ontological assumptions upon which a text is predicated. Two case studies illustrate how the ekphrastic mode can be figured to different effect. In comparing these two novels, this thesis argues that the ekphrastic mode makes clear the particular subject-object relations expressed by each. If Lukács is correct in asserting that the novel mode expresses a discrepancy between ‘the conventionality of the objective world and the interiority of the subjective one’, ekphrasis provides a fruitful but under-explored avenue for critical inquiry because, as a mode, it is situated at the point at which subject and object must converge. The first chapter of this thesis is concerned with Ben Lerner’s Leaving the Atocha Station (2011), a novel that includes both traditional ekphrastic descriptions and embedded photographs and references to critical theory that function ekphrastically. David Foster Wallace’s Infinite Jest (1996) provides a contrast: the novel makes continued reference to film – a medium defined by its temporal qualities – but as used in the novel the ekphrastic mode implies a fixed, ahistorical schema. The implications that such differences have on the novel mode and critical discourse are explored in the final section of the thesis.</p>

scholarly journals عقلیت پسند رجحانات کے تفسیری اصول و ضوابط کا تنقیدی جائزہ

Al-Duhaa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Dildar Ahmed ◽  
Dr Amjad Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran

Rationalist tendencies mean those individuals and groups who prefer reason over divine teachings and explain the Holy Quran on their own. Mostly, they do this type of fabrication through so-called reasoning, but sometimes they get influenced by Europe. The article highlights their rationalist approaches in Exegesis of the Holy Quran and how they opposed the majority of the Quran Commentators while making their own rules. This research work explores the historical background, basic rules, and methods of those rationalists, their disagreement with most of the conventional interpreters, and the impacts of their self-made foundations. Moreover, it presents a comparison of their invented rules and well-accepted rules of the Quran Explainers to a clear course of commentary for every Muslim reader. The summary contains how these rationalists plant rules to have their self-wished results and ignore authentic traditions of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), deny different dialects of the holy Quran, refuse reasons of revelations, and explain Huroof e Muqataat as they deem fit.

scholarly journals 'Always think of the objects': Ekphrasis as aesthetics in the contemporary novel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lucy Eleanor Alston
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Infinite Jest ◽  
Contemporary Novel ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Temporal Qualities

<p>It is a commonplace that ekphrasis – the description in literature of a visual work of art – brings to the fore questions of representation and reference. Such questions are particularly associated with the ‘postmodern’; ekphrasis is thus often subsumed under the category of metafiction. There has been little critical attention, however, to how the ekphrastic mode might be understood in aesthetic terms. This thesis considers the nature of ekphrasis’s referential capacity, but expands on this to suggest a number of ways in which the ekphrastic mode evinces the aesthetic and ontological assumptions upon which a text is predicated. Two case studies illustrate how the ekphrastic mode can be figured to different effect. In comparing these two novels, this thesis argues that the ekphrastic mode makes clear the particular subject-object relations expressed by each. If Lukács is correct in asserting that the novel mode expresses a discrepancy between ‘the conventionality of the objective world and the interiority of the subjective one’, ekphrasis provides a fruitful but under-explored avenue for critical inquiry because, as a mode, it is situated at the point at which subject and object must converge. The first chapter of this thesis is concerned with Ben Lerner’s Leaving the Atocha Station (2011), a novel that includes both traditional ekphrastic descriptions and embedded photographs and references to critical theory that function ekphrastically. David Foster Wallace’s Infinite Jest (1996) provides a contrast: the novel makes continued reference to film – a medium defined by its temporal qualities – but as used in the novel the ekphrastic mode implies a fixed, ahistorical schema. The implications that such differences have on the novel mode and critical discourse are explored in the final section of the thesis.</p>

The role of Record of Rights (Khatian) in determining title or possession: An overview

IIUC Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Kalim Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Supportive Evidence ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Religious Systems

Human beings are deeply related to land. Human beings take birth on land, live on land, die on land and mixes with land ultimately. As stated in the holy Quran: ‘We (Allah) created you (human beings) from the soil, we shall make you return to the soil and We shall call you back again from the soil’ (20:55). Human life is surrounded by soil i.e. land. So, land is a highly completed issue of human life involving economic, social, political, cultural and often religious systems. Land administration is thus a critical element and often a pre-condition for peaceful society and sustainable development. In administrating land, Khatian or record of rights plays a vital role to determine the rights and interests of the respective parties as supportive evidence. In this article, discussion is mainly made on the fact that Khatian or record of rights is not a document of title solely but it may be an evidence of title as well as possession. IIUC Studies Vol.15(0) December 2018: 33-46

HIKAYAT NABI LOT: SEBUAH KAJIAN INTERTEKSTUAL DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN FENOMENA LGBT DI INDONESIA [The Saga of Prophet Lot: An Intertextual Study and Correlations to LGBT Phenomenon in Indonesia]

TOTOBUANG ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah Hasanudin ◽  
Asep Yudha Wirajaya
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Ancient Manuscript

This article aims to describe the correlations among intertextuality, hypogram, and transformation in the existing Saga of the Prophet Lot (hereinafter abbreviated as HNL) with the Story of the Prophet Lot (hereinafter abbreviated KNL) in the Holy Quran and also its correlations to the LGBT phenomenon in Indonesia.The problems in this article, that is (1) What is the intertextual relationship between HNL and KNL in the Holy Quran?, (2) How are the similarities and differences of HNL and KNL in the Holy Quran?, (3) What are the background creation of HNL? This article wants to prove that the ancient manuscript entitled HNL is a hypogram and transformation of the KNL contained in the Holy Quran.The method used in this article is content analysis because the authors intend to interpret the events contained in the HNL and then trace the Intertekstualnya relationship with the KNL found in the Holy Quran.In this article the similarities and differences in the two objects that will be examined are explained properly.This HNL script has similarities with KNL in the Holy Quran such as Prophet Lot was instructed by Allah SWT to preach his people such as about leaving their indecent behaviors; the arrival of the Angels at Prophet Lot’s home, Prophet Lot was expelled by his people, and punishment for the Sodomites. The differences only lie in the beginning of the story and at the end of the story of Prophet Lot.  Artikel ini bertujuan memaparkan hubungan intertekstual, hipogram, dan transformasi pada naskah Hikayat Nabi Lot (yang selanjutnya disingkat HNL) dengan Kisah Nabi Lot (yang selanjutnya disingkat KNL) dalam Alquran dan juga kaitannya dengan fenomena LGBT di Indonesia. Permasalahan dalam artikel ini, yaitu (1) Bagaimana hubungan intertekstual antara HNL dengan KNL dalam Alquran?, (2) Bagaimana persamaan dan perbedaan HNL dan KNL dalam Alquran?, (3) Apa yang menjadi latar belakang penciptaan HNL? Artikel ini membuktikan bahwa naskah kuno yang berjudul HNL merupakan hipogram dan transformasi dari KNL yang terdapat dalam Alquran. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah analisis konten karena penulis bermaksud menafsirkan peristiwa yang terdapat dalam HNL dan kemudian menelusuri hubungan intertekstualnya dengan KNL yang terdapat dalam Alquran. Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang persamaan dan perbedaan pada kedua objek yang akan di kaji. Naskah HNL memiliki persamaan dengan KNL dalam Alquran. Nabi Lot diperintahkan Allah SWT untuk berdakwah kepada kaumnya agar mau meninggalkan perilaku menyimpang, kedatangan para Malaikat ke rumah Nabi Lot, Nabi Lot diusir oleh kaumnya, dan hukuman bagi kaum Sodom. Adapun perbedaannya hanya terletak pada awal kisah dan akhir cerita Nabi Lot as. w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="

التطور الدلالي لمفهوم الألفاظ الحميرية واللهجات اليمانية القديمة في معاني القرآن الكريم/ Semantic development of the meaning of Himyarite words and the Ancient Yemeni dialects in the meanings of the Holy Quran

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaynah Hussein Al-Qahṭānī ◽  
Asem Ali
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Modern Time ◽  
Standard Arabic ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
Semantic Development ◽  
The Holy Quran

ملخص البحث:  لقد خاض كثير من العلماء في خضم معركة الآراء التي دارت قديماً وحديثاً حول العلاقة بين العربية الشمالية واليمنية القديمة، ويأتي حكم أبي عمرو بن العلاء في مقدمة تلك الأحكام؛ فهو يرى أن الحميرية شيء والعربية شيء آخر، ومن قول أبي عمرو، وكان لهذا الحكم أثره الكبير في أفكار بعض علماء اللغة العربية القدامى وغيرهم ممن خاض في هذا الميدان؛ فاللغة اليمنية القديمة ليست لغة أعجمية، وليست هي نفسها عربية القرآن الفصحى المتوارثة بين الأجيال. تتبع الدراسة المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي، ويهدف البحث إلى استعراض أبرز المفردات الحميرية التي وردت في النقوش اليمانية ووردت ألفاظها ومعانيها في القرآن الكريم. توصلت الدراسة إلى ما يأتي: اندماج اللغة اليمنية في اللغة الحميرية وحملتها معها في ألفاظ القرآن الكريم، إن أبرز المفردات الحميرية التي وردت في النقوش اليمانية وردت ألفاظها ومعانيها في القرآن الكريم، إن أصول اللهجات اليمانية لها علاقة بالعربية الفصحى، وأن معاني المفردات في عامية أهل اليمن ودلالة الألفاظ الحميرية واللهجات اليمانية قد وردت في القرآن الكريم. الكلمات المفتاحية: التطور الدلالي-الألفاظ الحميرية-النقوش اليمانية-معاني المفردات. Abstract Many scholars have tried to contribute in the battle of views that have been going on traditionally and in modern time on the relation between the Northern Arabic and the ancient Yemeni dialect, and the opinion of Abu ʽAmru bin Al-ʽAlā' came at the top of those views. He saw that the Himyarite language and Arabic are two different entities, and this view had echoes in the thoughts of some traditional Arabic scholars and others who have been dwelling on this topic. Ancient Yemeni dialect is not a foreign dialect but at the same time is not the inherited Quranic Arabic as it is known. The study follows a descriptive analytical method and it aims to showcase the most prominent Himyarite words that were found in the Yemeni inscriptions and were also found in the Holy Quran. The study concluded with the followings;  a merging took place between the Yemeni language and the Himyarite language and subsequently with the vocabularies of the Quran; that the meaning of the most prominent Himyarite words in the Yemeni inscriptions were also mentioned in the Holy Quran; that the origin of the Yemeni dialects was related to the Standard Arabic; that the meanings of the words of the dialect of Yemenis and the meaning of Himyarite words alongside with other Yemeni dialects have been mentioned in the Quran. Keywords: Semantic development – Himyarite vocabularies – Yemeni Inscriptions – Meanings of words   Abstrak Sejumlah besar para cediakawan telah cuba untuk menyumbang dalam perdebatan pendapat yang telah berlarutan sekian lama sehinggalah ke zaman moden ini berkenaan dengan hubungkait antara loghat Arab utara dan loghat Yaman kuno serta pendapat Abu ‘Amru bin Al-‘AlÉ’ yang merupakan pendapat yang paling terkemuka di antaranya. Beliau berpendapat bahawa bahasa Himyar dan bahasa Arab adalah merupakan bahasa yang berbeza dan pendapat ini telah memberi kesan dalam pemikiran sebahagian ahli bahasa tradisional dan yang lain-lain yang membahaskan isu ini. Loghat kuno Yemen bukanlah satu dialek asing tetapi pada masa yang sama ia juga bukanlah bahasa warisan Al-Quran yang diketahui umum. Kajian ini mengikut pendekatan deskriptif analitikal dan bertujuan untuk mengetengahkan perkataan-perkataan Himyar yang penting yang ditemukan di batu-batu bersurat Yemen dan juga ditemukan di dalam Al-Quran. Kajian ini merumuskan perkara-perkara berikut: terjadi penggabungan antara bahasa Yemen dan Himyar dan seterusnya di antara perkataa-perkataan di dalam Al-Quran; maksud kebanuakan perkataan yang ditemukan dalam batu-batu bersurat itu juga turut disebut dalam Al-Quran; asal loghat-loghat Yemen ini juga mempunyai kaitan dengan Bahasa Arab Standard; terdapat di anatara maksud perkataan loghat Yemen  and maksud perkataan-perkataan Himyar di samping loghat-loghat Yemen yang lain yang turut tersebut dalam Al-Quran. Kata kunci: Perkembangan semantik – Perkataan Himyar – Batu bersurat Yemen  -Maksud perkataan

Utilizing an Adaptive Controller (Azadi Controller) for Trajectory Planning of PUMA 560 Robot

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 4880-4887
Author(s):  
Sassan Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Trajectory Planning ◽  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Adaptive Controller ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Transient Responses ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Good Substitute

This research work was devoted to present a novel adaptive controller which uses two negative stable feedbacks with a positive unstable positive feedback. The positive feedback causes the plant to do the break, therefore reaching the desired trajectory with tiny overshoots. However, the two other negative feedback gains controls the plant in two other sides of positive feedback, making the system to be stable, and controlling the steady-state, and transient responses. This controller was performed for PUMA-560 trajectory planning, and a comparison was made with a fuzzy controller. The fuzzy controller parameters were obtained according to the PSO technique. The simulation results shows that the novel adaptive controller, having just three parameters, can perform well, and can be a good substitute for many other controllers for complex systems such as robotic path planning.

الفرائد الواردة في سياق الحديث عن الإعراض عن القرآن الكريم

2021 ◽  
pp. arabic cover-english cover
Author(s):  
د. محمود علي عثمان عثمان
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Semantic Consistency ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Descriptive Method

يهدف البحث إلى: الكشف عن ظاهرة التمكّن الدلالي للفرائد القرآنية الواردة في سياق الحديث عن القرآن الكريم، وهي ظاهرة تعكس إعجازه البياني في أسلوبه، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف فقد سلك الباحث المنهج التحليلي اللغوي، والمنهج الوصفي، وخلصت الدراسة إلى أنّ ظاهرة التمكّن الدّلالي للفرائد القرآنية ترتبط بالعلاقات بين البُنى المتوالية للسورة -الواردة فيها الفريدة-بأكملها على وفق: مناسبة دلالة الفريدة معجميا، لسياقها الذي استدعاها، وهاتان العلاقتان مجتمعتان مكّنتا الفريدة دلاليا من التفرّد في سياقها بحيث تؤدّي المعنى المراد كله بدقة ولا يغني غيرُها من مرادفاتها غناءَها، ليثبت بذلك بناؤها واتّساقها الفني وفيضها المتجدد من الظلال والمعاني والدلالات التي تتّسع وتنمو وتفيض وتتجدّد بتدبّر هذه الفرائد، وأوصت الدراسة بمواصلة رَصْد ظاهرة التمكّن الدلالي للفرائد القرآنية الواردة في موضوعات أخرى، وتجديد قراءتنا للقرآن الكريم ومدارسته بما يحقق تدبّره. The purpose of the research is to highlight the phenomenon of the semantic mastery of the Quranic uniques in the context of the Holy Quran, a phenomenon that reflects its graphic miracles in its style and aims to reveal its significance to the purposes of the Holy Quran and its Surah's, to achieve the aim of the study: the researcher used the linguistic analytical method and the descriptive method, the study concluded in its results to phenomenon of the artistic semantic consistency of the Qur'anic authors is related to the relations between the successive structures of the surah - in which the unique - whole is presented according to: a unique and lexical connotation of the context in which they were called, the purpose of the sura and the purposes of the Qur'an, so that the meaning of the whole meaning accurately and does not enrich other synonyms singing, to prove the building and artistic consistency and its renewed flow of shadows and meanings and meanings that expand and grow and overflowing and renewed by meditating in these uniques, the study recommended the continuation of monitoring the phenomenon of semantic mastery of Quranic Uniques mentioned in other subjects and renewal of our reading of the Holy Quran and study it to achieve its meditation.

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