DISCOURSE ON ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS IN ANCIENT MALAY MEDICAL MANUSCRIPT FOR GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES

Since ancient times, people have been using plants not only for a source of food, but also for a source of medicine. In the Malay culture, many ethnomedicinal plants are being used for various medicinal properties. This knowledge is recorded in many ancient Malay manuscripts that acknowledge many different local names of plants and its traditional uses and practices. This study will be discussing one of the ancient Malay manuscript named “Hikayat Nurul-lisan Menjawab Masalah” whereby the original work was written in Jawi alphabets. Fortunately, Harun Mat Piah in his book, “Kitab Tib Ilmu Perubatan Melayu” had transliterated the work to Latin alphabets and organised it to a better structure which makes the content readily accessible and easily interpreted for Malay researchers. The purpose of this study is to analyse and tabulate ethnomedicinal plants documented in the transliterated manuscript which mentioned gastrointestinal benefits. To attain the research objectives, qualitative thematic analysis will be employed on the manuscript in order to classify different themes in the text systematically. Among illnesses frequently mentioned in the manuscript are gastrointestinal related, such as digestion, bloating, diarrhea and others. The study highlights that there are 36 number of plants mentioned in the manuscript which relates to gastrointestinal diseases. There are many different practice of use, whereby some are with detailed explanation, and others very general. Some plants are mentioned as being used for the well-being of the digestive system. This study is imperative for comprehensively structuring the traditional knowledge obtained in the manuscript for easy reference and access to other researchers locally and internationally. Besides to enrich our traditional knowledge on ethnomedicinal plants, this research will indirectly serve to preserve one of an important Malay cultural heritage. Keywords: Ethnomedicinal plants; Thematic analysis; Malay ancient manuscript; Malaysia medicinal plants; Gastrointestinal

Eco-Sufism concept in Syair Nasihat as an alternative to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) policy in the environmental sector

This report examined the dimensions of Sufism related to sustainable environmental conservation efforts contained in the Syair Nasihat (SN) text. SN is an ancient manuscript about the teachings of eco-Sufism that is written in Arabic and Malay. The eco-Sufism teachings in SN text are more concerned with natural processes in seeking the safety of themselves and their environment. The efforts are carried out through a process of self-dynamics that is more integrative, namely humanistic-theocentric. The process of shifting the dynamics was originally self-centered, then slowly and gradually shifted to the community, namely togetherness divinely, humanity, and nature. It means that all human behavior must always be directed solely to gain the pleasure of God and also oriented to provide safety and welfare for the universe, including humans and the environment. This is a representation of the concept of leader on earth and a real form of amaliah regarding the elaboration of the concept of greeting or spreading safety and welfare for the universe. Thus, the concept of eco-Sufism contained in the SN text is expected to be duplicated and applied in other places so that it can support the policy of SDGs in the environmental field.

AVICENNA, FῙ AL-ʾUMŪR AL-KULLIYYA MIN ʿILM AL-ṬIBB, ED. NAJAFGHOLI HABIBI (HAMADAN, 2018)

That Ibn Sīnā’s “Canon of medicine” figures among the major classics of the history of medicine is doubted by no serious historian of medicine, eastern or western, Islamic or non-Islamic alike. It is therefore all the more surprising that so far no serious critical edition of this text was available. Certainly, a first, very timid step toward a really critical edition (published during the years 1982-1996) was made at the Institute of the History of Medicine and Medical Research (New Delhi), under the direction of Hakeem Abdul Hameed (1908-1999). It compared the four existing editions: Rome 1593; Būlāq (Cairo) 1877; Tehran (lithograph) 1878; and Lucknow 1905. In addition it used (a photocopy of) an ancient manuscript of Aya Sophia, dated 618, i. e. MS Aya Sophia 3686. With this new edition a further important step toward a full critical edition is made. Even if it is obvious that it does not yet present a “critical edition” in the full sense of the word, it has important merits.

Naskah Kuno “Kaghas 1 Suku Semidang”: Sebuah Kajian Kritik Sumber

Ancient Manuscript “Kaghas 1 Semidang Tribe”: A Critical Source Study. Inscriptions and ancient Ulu script are found in South Sumatra and since 2009 an inventory has been carried out. The condition of these local inscriptions and manuscripts is generally well preserved and treated specially in the storage process and is a hereditary legacy that must be preserved. These ancient inscriptions and manuscripts are still widely owned by the community because they contain instructions or life guidelines for their children and grandchildren. This ancient manuscript is made of halim tree bark in the shape of sheets that are folded in rectangles similar to an accordion or an ancient book. The problem to be resolved is a review of source criticism of the ancient manuscripts of the Kaghas 1 Semidang tribe. The goal to be achieved is to examine the text from the point of view of source criticism by using the analytical description method. The script used is the Ulu script using the Pagaralam or Pasemah dialect. This manuscript contains Islamic teachings related to local genius or assimilation between the teachings of Islam and the culture of the Pasemah area. Abstrak. Prasasti dan naskah kuno beraksara Ulu sangat banyak ditemukan di wilayah Sumatra Selatan dan sejak tahun 2009 telah dilakukan inventarisasi. Kondisi prasasti dan naskah lokal tersebut secara umum terawat dan diperlakukan khusus dalam proses penyimpanannya dan merupakan warisan turun-menurun yang harus dijaga. Prasasti dan naskah kuno tersebut masih banyak dimiliki oleh masyarakat karena berisikan petunjuk atau pedoman hidup bagi anak cucu mereka. Naskah kuno ini terbuat dari kulit kayu pohon halim berbentuk lembaran yang dilipat-lipat segi empat mirip alat musik akordeon atau sebuah buku zaman dahulu. Permasalahan yang akan diselesaikan yaitu tinjauan kritik sumber terhadap naskah kuno kaghas 1 Suku Semidang. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai yaitu untuk menelaah naskah tersebut dari sudut pandang kritik sumber dengan menggunakan metode deskripsi analisis. Aksara yang digunakan adalah aksara Ulu dengan menggunakan bahasa Melayu dialek Pagaralam atau Pasemah. Naskah ini memuat ajaran Islam terkait dengan local genius atau asimilasi antara ajaran Agama Islam dan budaya daerah Pasemah.

Proses Digitalisasi Naskah Kuno Sebagai Pelestarian Informasi Di Museum Bandar Cimanuk, Indramayu

Introduction. One of the most valuable cultural heritage of the Indonesian nation's ancestors is the ancient manuscript. Ancient manuscripts can be found in every region in Indonesia, especially Indramayu. Most of the ancient manuscripts found in Indramayu have been kept at the Bandar Cimanuk Museum, Indramayu. Most of the ancient manuscripts in the Bandar Cimanuk Museum, Indramayu, are written by hand or in the original form before printing. Digitalization is the process of transferring document media from printed, audio, and video forms. Equipment used in digitizing activities includes software and hardware. In digitizing ancient manuscripts, there are 2 stages that must be followed, pre-digitization and organizing.Data Collection Methods. Using a qualitative methods and descriptive approach with a case study category. Data Analysis. The survey data were descriptively analysed by using 3 steps there are reduction, presentation and conclutsin . Result and Discussion.The result of the process of digitizing an ancient manuscript is an ancient manuscript in digital format. The results show that after the ancient manuscripts in the museum have been digitized, they can provide information according to the needs of the manuscript users and can preserve the information contained in the ancient manuscripts found at the Bandar Cimanuk Museum, Indramayu.Conclusion. Based on the results that have been found in digitizing ancient manuscripts at the Bandar Cimanuk Museum, Indramayu, there are a number of stages that must be carried out, namely the pre-digitalization stage and the organizing stage.

APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI AUGMENTED REALITY DALAM KONSERVASI SITUS WARISAN BUDAYA DAN MITIGASI BENCANA GUNUNG GALUNGGUNG JAWA BARAT INDONESIA

The name Galunggung is very well known to the people of Indonesia as the name of the mountain and the name of an Old Sundanese Manuscript. The ancient manuscript of Amanat Galunggung is a manuscript written in the 16th century and contains the teachings of life or local genius of the Sukapura or Tasikmalaya people. Mount Galunggung has experienced several eruptions from 1822 to 1983. The eruption of Mount Galunggung has had a catastrophic impact on the community and provided long term benefits for improving the soil fertility around the Mount Galunggung site such as the Indihiang site. Various disasters that have occurred due to volcanic eruptions in various regions have become a source of learning for the community to mitigate disasters from an early age. This research uses qualitative methods and digital augmented reality techniques. Augmented Reality can be used in visualizing and simulating mountain sites or other cultural heritage sites. The results of this study recommend the application of Augmented Realty technology in the conservation of cultural heritage sites and disaster mitigation as well as the planning program for the nomination of mountain sites in Indonesia for UNESCO’s world cultural heritage by the Indonesian government. Various efforts to develop site conservation with digital 4.0 technology and assistance for local communities involving universities, local governments, museum communities and the cultural arts tourism industry. The use of Augmented Reality can be useful for increasing understanding and learning experiences about cultural sites and heritage in tertiary, primary and secondary education.

Ancient Manuscript Preservation of Museum Ranggawarsita Library Collection Semarang Central Java

<p>Introduction: This article “Ancient Manuscript Preservation of Museum Ranggawarsita Library Collection Semarang Central Java” aims to determine the types of ancient manuscripts, damage factors, preservation procedures, obstacles encountered, and the appropriateness between theory and application. Methods: This study used a data collection include library research, observation and interviews, while the data processing method uses descriptive analysis. Results and discussion: The results show is a Ranggawarsita Museum Library differentiates its ancient manuscripts into two types: the original manuscript (hand) or in other words, in the form of strips of palm leaf manuscripts, totaling 15 titles and texts that have been experienced over the media in the form of typed writing, totaling 100 titles and the age is 50 years. Damage was generally caused by climatic factors, namely temperature and humidity, pollutant gases, dust and insects. Handling was done by means of preventive measures, curative, control of temperature and humidity, dust, treatment and restoration. Obstacles encountered were environmental conditions near the highway, so a lot of gas pollutants from motor vehicles, the limited budget and space. Conclusion: Applied ancient manuscript conservation activities are in accordance with existing theory that is by controlling the temperature and humidity, dust cleaning, prevention of pollutant gases, insects, preventive measures, curative and restoration. That way the ancient manuscript are still preserved.</p>

Brand Identity Nagari Pariangan, Desa Terindah di Dunia Kabupaten Tanah Datar, Sumatera Barat

A city of Pariangan is an old city in Minangkabau. A city called as the area of origin of the ancestors of the Minangkabau people that have a lot of potential both natural beauty and culture that is still exist and protected. Through the design of brand identity, the various potentials in the city of Pariangan is such a beautiful way that the creation of an effective promotional activities. So it can increase the number of tourists visiting both local and foreign. This will affect the economic sector of the community, either directly or indirectly. In the application of the concept that is inspired from the unique visual design of Pariangan city. Like the illumination motif of the ancient manuscript of Pariangan such as "Kambang Reno", a pointed roof typically of Minangkabau, roof terraced from the old mosque that became the pride of society and the typical stairs of Pariangan city. The color choice of yellow, brown and green to symbolize the natural cycles are some process of planting to harvest the rice. A brand identity of Pariangan city are designed into logos and supporting media such as stationaries, sovenir and social media that synergize together into a visual unity. The Synergy between the media will affect the image formation of the Pariangan city itself to be easier to remember and recognizeable by tourists. The successfulness of this brand identity affects the cooperation of various parties to always be consistent to apply and use this brand.