scholarly journals Assessment of Hexavalent Chromium Pollution in Buriganga and Dhaleshwari River Waterbodies Adjacent to Tannery Estates in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Nabila Hoque ◽  
Palash Kumar Sarker ◽  
Ashrafus Safa
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Tannery Effluents ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Leather Processing ◽  
Result Analysis

Recently, in Bangladesh, all tannery industries have been relocated to a new location exclusively established for leather processing industries with modern manufacturing facilities and effluent treatment plants with standard probations. Effluents generated from the tannery industries are now being disposed of into the surrounding river water bodies. In this study, our goal was to investigate the presence of chemical contaminants like hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) in the water bodies surrounding tannery industries and to understand the possible role played by the tannery effluents in contaminating the river water bodies with Cr6+. Result analysis revealed the presence of an amount of Cr6+ (ranging from 0.01 mg/L to 3.54 mg/L) in the surrounding water bodies, which was far above the maximum permissible limit of Cr6+ (0.05 mg/L for surface water), set by the Environmental Protection Agency. It is, therefore, plausible to assume that effluents from the tanneries play an important role in hexavalent chromium contamination of water bodies surrounding tannery industries.

Optimization of a Treatment System of Wastewater Streams for Electrochemical Cr(VI) Reduction: Selective versus Centralized Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián López-Yañez ◽  
Jorge Ramirez-Muñoz ◽  
Alejandro Alonso ◽  
Luis G. Cota ◽  
Jhonny Pérez Montiel
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Selective Treatment

Abstract The problem of the optimization of selective treatment systems of wastewater streams contaminated with hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is investigated. In order to comply with the Mexican environmental norm of Cr(VI) for treated wastewater streams at minimum cost, a nonlinear programming (NLP) model for the electrochemical reduction of hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium was developed. The model incorporates a variable reaction rate, which is a function of the Cr(VI) concentration and the electrical current density of the electrochemical process. For this purpose, a basic superstructure of the effluent treatment is proposed. The superstructure is composed of three continuous electrochemical reactors without recirculation, and it may produce either a series and/or parallel design topology. The NLP model was used to minimize the objective function, defined as the total annual cost (TAC), which includes the capital cost of each electrochemical reactor, the electrical energy cost and the cost of the treatment of the wastewater streams. In order to investigate the solution set of the proposed NLP model, i. e., to improve the possibilities of obtaining optimum solutions based on economic criteria, a multi-start algorithm was implemented. Two example problems are used to show the versatility of the model and different local optimal solutions were obtained for each case study. The results show that a selective treatment of wastewater streams based on the search of local optimal solutions yields significant savings with respect to a centralized treatment design.

scholarly journals Removal of Heavy Metals from Chithrapuzha River Water by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared Via Green Synthesis Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1154-1160
Author(s):  
G. DEEPA ◽  
M. JEYARAJ ◽  
P. N. Magudeswaran
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
River Water ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Aquatic Life

On account of industrialization and increasing population, the water bodies get polluted by means of degradable and non-degradable substances. In 21st century, it is necessary to maintain a healthy environment especially water bodies for the survival of not the aquatic animals but also for healthy human life. Recent advances suggest that the issues related to water quality could be resolved by using nanoparticles and nano-filtration membrane methods from the development of nanotechnology. In this research, attempt to remove heavy metals from Chithrapuzha River water at Cochin bar mouth (S1) and Fact barge jetty (S2) using Fe2O3 prepared via green synthesis using Egg albumin and Aloe vera. Our results provoke that, the synthesis of Fe2O3 nanoparticle is cost-effective and eco-friendly and also good in nano-regime. Results of filtration studies showed that Fe2O3 nanoparticles remove heavy metals from Chithrapuzha River water and also increases the DO content which helps the survival of aquatic life.

scholarly journals Chromium bioremediation potential of indigenous Bacillus pumillus isolated from river water of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Sangita Ahmed ◽  
Rakibul Hasan ◽  
Sumaiya Aziz Khan ◽  
Razu Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Potential Reduction ◽  
Polluted River ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Effluent Treatment Plant ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Chromium Tolerance

Bangladesh has achieved rapid industrialization in recent years. However, many of these industries lack proper effluent treatment plant and discharge untreated effluent laden with different heavy metals into the major rives that surround these industries, affecting the environment as well as human and animal health. Aiming to develop a sustainable effluent treatment plant, a heavy metal tolerant Bacillus pumillus isolated from polluted river water of Bangladesh was studied for its chromium bioremediation potential. Reduction of hexavalent chromium using the Sdiphenylcarbazide (DPC) method showed that whole cells of the Bacillus pumillus reduced 89.5%, 75%, 73% and 45% of 1.0, 2.5, 5 and 10mg/L Cr(VI) to Cr(III), respectively. This bacterium reduced 100% of 20mg/L Cr(VI) to Cr(III) within 8 hours, in a growth associated pattern. A 20kb plasmid was detected in this Bacillus pumillus, and loss of this plasmid did not cause complete impairment of chromium tolerance capacity, though the tolerance efficiency was reduced. The Bacillus pumillus studied in the current study therefore shows its potential to develop a sustainable chromium bioremediation method. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 38, Number 1, June 2021, pp 27-30

scholarly journals Review of and Recommendations for Monitoring Contaminants and their Effects in the San Francisco Bay−Delta

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Connon ◽  
Simone Hasenbein ◽  
Susanne Brander ◽  
Helen Poynton ◽  
Erika Holland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Multiple Endpoints ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Contaminant Monitoring ◽  
Multiple Stressor ◽  
Priority Species ◽  
The University

Legacy and current-use contaminants enter into and accumulate throughout the San Francisco Bay−Delta (Bay−Delta), and are present at concentrations with known effects on species important to this diverse watershed. There remains major uncertainty and a lack of focused research able to address and provide understanding of effects across multiple biological scales, despite previous and ongoing emphasis on the need for it. These needs are challenging specifically because of the established regulatory programs that often monitor on a chemical-by-chemical basis, or in which decisions are grounded in lethality-based endpoints. To best address issues of contaminants in the Bay−Delta, monitoring efforts should consider effects of environmentally relevant mixtures and sub-lethal impacts that can affect ecosystem health. These efforts need to consider the complex environment in the Bay−Delta including variable abiotic (e.g., temperature, salinity) and biotic (e.g., pathogens) factors. This calls for controlled and focused research, and the development of a multi-disciplinary contaminant monitoring and assessment program that provides information across biological scales. Information gained in this manner will contribute toward evaluating parameters that could alleviate ecologically detrimental outcomes. This review is a result of a Special Symposium convened at the University of California−Davis (UCD) on January 31, 2017 to address critical information needed on how contaminants affect the Bay−Delta. The UCD Symposium focused on new tools and approaches for assessing multiple stressor effects to freshwater and estuarine systems. Our approach is similar to the recently proposed framework laid out by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) that uses weight of evidence to scale toxicological responses to chemical contaminants in a laboratory, and to guide the conservation of priority species and habitats. As such, we also aimed to recommend multiple endpoints that could be used to promote a multi-disciplinary understanding of contaminant risks in Bay−Delta while supporting management needs.

scholarly journals Low cost adsorbent for mitigation of water pollution caused by tannery effluents at Hazaribagh

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
A Mizan ◽  
FT Zohra ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
M Nurnabi ◽  
MZ Alam
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
River Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Tannery Effluents ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Buriganga River

Tanneries at Hazaribagh use a large number of chemicals during processing and discharge their effluents to the river Buriganga without appropriate treatment and aggravate its pollution level. This study focuses on a plausible way for the abatement of pollution level of Buriganga river water using low cost adsorbent. Activated carbon prepared from coconut shell was used as a low cost adsorbent. The samples were collected from three different points of the river at three different layers from the surface of water. The collected samples were passed through the activated carbon and a remarkable amount of pollutants were found to be adsorbed. TSS, TDS, BOD5, COD and chromic oxide content of polluted water were reduced significantly.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(3), 215-220, 2016

scholarly journals Hexavalent Chromium Removal from Groundwater—A Low-Tech Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Samiotis Georgios ◽  
Lefteri Lefteris ◽  
Mavromatidou Charoula ◽  
Tsioptsias Costas ◽  
Trikilidou Eleni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Chromium Removal ◽  
Chromium Reduction ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Pump And Treat ◽  
Reduction Mechanisms ◽  
The Creation

Chromium occurs in nature mainly in its trivalent or hexavalent form. Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is particularly toxic to humans, animals, and plants. The extensive pollution of groundwaters with Cr(VI) necessitates the complete understanding of natural chromium oxidation and reduction mechanisms, both for assessing the risk of hexavalent chromium formation and for the development of techniques for the reduction and removal of Cr(VI) from contaminated water bodies. In this work, the possibility of hexavalent chromium reduction by discarded or low-cost materials, which contain reducing compounds, is investigated regarding the creation of a compact, pump-and-treat filter for Cr(VI) removal from groundwater.

Environmental impact of fluidized solidified silt casting on surrounding water bodies

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunquan Li ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
Silin Wu ◽  
Shi Shu ◽  
Yiyan Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surrounding Water

scholarly journals Characteristics of Oder river water temperature for heat pump

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marderos Ara Sayegh ◽  
Alina Żabnieńska-Góra
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
River Water ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Average Water Temperature ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Oder River

Currently there is increasing interest in using surface water bodies as renewable energy sources for year around or seasonal heating and cooling applications e.g. heat pumps. This paper presents the statistical analysis of average water temperature and the flow rate of the Oder River. Linear regression analysis was carried out on the base of ten years (2005–2014) diurnal water temperatures measurements data. The results determine the relation between average air temperature in Wroclaw and Oder river water average temperature for two analysed locations. The Pearson's r correlation coefficients were determined. Additionally, the variability of water flow rates from 2008–2010 in the annual cycle were illustrated. The article proposes the conceptual framework for surface water bodies technical aspects. This proposition is the first step for wider analysis in order to identify the thermal potential of the Oder river water as heat source for heat pumps.

scholarly journals Preliminary dragonfly (Odonata) species list from the Pampa biome in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, with ecological notes for 19 new records for the State

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Renner ◽  
Eduardo Périco ◽  
Gerson Júnior Ely ◽  
Göran Sahlén
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Species List ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Pampa Biome ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Biogeographical Region ◽  
Southern Half

Abstract An inventory of Odonata was carried out in the southern half of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the Pampa biome. Originally, this biogeographical region was covered mostly by open fields and grassland, with sections of higher vegetation surrounding water bodies and rocky hills. Today the landscape is fragmented due to agricultural activities, mainly cattle farming, rice crops and forest plantations. Our survey was conducted in three municipalities from this region, between March 2015 and April 2016. Aiming at a general overview of the species composition, our sampling sites were selected on a wide basis, including lakes, bogs, temporary water bodies, small streams and river sections. Eighty two species of Odonata were collected comprising 40 genera and seven families. The dominant families were Libellulidae (56,1%), Coenagrionidae (24,5%) and Aeshnidae (7,3%). We found a diverse odonate assemblage, adding 19 new species records for the state of Rio Grande do Sul.

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